Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990

Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 - Title I: Dairy - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the dairy program for 1991 through 1995, including milk price supports. Title II: Wool and Mohair - Amends the National Wool Act of 1954 to extend the wool and mohair price support program through 1995. Title III: Wheat - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the price support and acreage reduction programs for the 1991 through 1995 crops of wheat. Title IV: Feed Grains - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the price support and acreage reduction programs for the 1991 through 1995 crops of feed grains. Title V: Cotton - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the price support and acreage reduction programs for the 1991 through 1995 crops of upland cotton. Title VI: Rice - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the price support and acreage reduction programs for the 1991 through 1995 crops of rice. Title VII: Oilseeds - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the price support program for oilseeds for the 1991 through 1995 marketing years. Title VIII: Peanuts - Amends the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 to set forth the program for the 1991 through 1995 crops of peanuts, including price supports. Title IX: Sugar - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the price support program for the 1991 through 1995 crops of sugar beets and sugarcane. Title X: Honey - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the 1991 through 1995 honey price support program. Title XI: General Commodity Provisions - Subtitle A: Acreage Base and Yield System - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth 1991 through 1995 acreage base and yield system provisions. Subtitle B: Payment Limitations - Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to set forth 1991 through 1995 payment limitation provisions. Subtitle C: Provisions Related to Agricultural Act of 1949 - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to provide for: (1) 1991 through 1995 deficiency and land diversion payments; (2) the farmer owner revenue programs; (3) 1991 through 1995 supplemental set-aside and acreage limitations; (4) disaster payments for the 1991 through 1995 crops of peanuts, soybeans, sugar beets, and sugarcane; (5) price support adjustments; (6) Commodity Credit Corporation sales prices; and (7) producer appeals. Subtitle D: Miscellaneous Community Provisions - Amends the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 to extend through 1995 normally planted acreage provisions. Amends the Agriculture and Food Act of 1981 to extend through 1995 the National Agricultural Cost of Production Standards Review Board. Subtitle E: Options Pilot Program - Options Pilot Program Act of 1990 - Directs the Secretary of Agriculture (Secretary) to conduct a pilot program for corn, wheat, and soybeans to determine whether regulated agricultural commodity options trading can be used to protect against market price fluctuations. Subtitle F: Conforming Amendments - Sets forth conforming amendments. Subtitle G: Effective Date - Sets forth effective dates for provisions of this Act. Title XII: State and Private Forestry - Forest Stewardship Act of 1990 - Subtitle A: Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 - Amends the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 to establish: (1) the Forest Stewardship Program; (2) the Stewardship Incentive Program; and (3) the Forest Legacy Program. Revises provisions regarding: (1) rural forestry assistance; (2) forest health protection; (3) urban and community forestry assistance, including the establishment of a National Urban and Community Forestry Advisory Council; (4) firefighting and mobilization assistance; and (5) Federal, State, and local coordination. Subtitle B: Research and Education - Establishes a competitive forestry, natural resources, and environmental research grant program. Provides for: (1) recycling research; (2) the continuation of the Modern Timber Bridge Initiative; and (3) reforestation research. Establishes: (1) the Southern Forest Regeneration Center; (2) the Semiarid Agroforestry Research Center; (3) the Presidential Commission on State and Private Forests; and (4) a Blue Mountain natural resource institute. Authorizes appropriations for the study of forest land protection in Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York (including a New York-New Jersey Highlands study). Authorizes the establishment of an International Forest Products Trade Institute. Amends the Renewable Resources Extension Act of 1978 to expand forestry research programs. Amends the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978 to establish a forestry student grant program. Subtitle C: America the Beautiful - America the Beautiful Act of 1990 - Authorizes the President to designate a tree planting Foundation. Authorizes: (1) a rural tree planting and forest management program; and (2) a community tree planting and investment program as a component of the urban and community forestry assistance program. Subtitle D: Miscellaneous Provisions - Authorizes emergency reforestation assistance. Expands the Talladega National Forest. Title XIII: Fruits, Vegetables, and Marketing - Subtitle A: Fruits and Vegetables - Provides for a study of the domestic fruit and vegetable industry. Establishes a program to define the conditions under which non-perishable agricultural products may be designated as "grown in the U.S.", including a country of origin labeling pilot program. Amends the Agricultural Adjustment Act, as amended by the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, to require imported kiwifruit, nectarines, plums, or pistachios to meet all standards and requirements which apply to their domestically produced counterparts. Subtitle B: National Laboratory Accreditation - Establishes a National Laboratory Accreditation Program. Subtitle C: Cosmetic Appearance - Provides for agricultural commodity research on cosmetic appearance. Subtitle D: Miscellaneous - Provides for a study of wine and the winegrape industry. Title XIV: Conservation - Conservation Program Improvements Act - Subtitle A: Highly Erodible Land Conservation - Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to revise the highly erodible land program. Subtitle B: Wetland Conservation - Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to revise the wetland program. Subtitle C: Agricultural Resources Conservation Program - Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to establish: (1) an Environmental Conservation Acreage Reserve Program through 1995 which shall include the conservation reserve and the wetland reserve programs. Establishes: (1) an agricultural water quality incentives program; (2) an environmental easement program; (3) a tree planting initiative program; (4) a program of weed and pest control assistance; and (5) State (conservation related) technical committees. Subtitle D: Other Conservation Measures - Establishes the Integrated Farm Management Program Option. Amends the Federal Noxious Weed Act of 1974 to require each Federal agency to provide for noxious weed management on lands under its jurisdiction. Amends the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act to extend the Great Plains Conservation Program. Establishes a composting research and extension program. Subtitle E: Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act; Farmland Protection - Amends the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act to authorize cost share assistance for conservation easement acquisition. Farms for the Future Act of 1990 - Establishes the Agricultural Resource Conservation Demonstration Program to provide loan guarantees and interest rate assistance for State trust funds. Subtitle F: Administration of Environmental Programs - Establishes in the Department of Agriculture (Department): (1) an Agricultural Council on Environmental Quality; and (2) an Office of Agricultural Environmental Quality. Subtitle G: Water Quality Research, Education, and Coordination - Agriculture and Water Policy Coordination Act - Provides for State water quality coordination programs. Establishes in the Department a water quality and nutrient management research program. Establishes in the National Agricultural Library a repository of agriculture and groundwater quality planning information. Subtitle H: Pesticides - Requires certified applicators of restricted use pesticides to maintain records comparable to commercial applicators. Amends the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act to revise provisions regarding: (1) registration data; (2) minor agricultural use pesticide fees; and (3) voluntary cancellation of registration. Amends Federal law to establish an Inter-Regional Research Project Number 4 to assist in the collection of certain minor agricultural use pesticide data. Directs the National Academy of Sciences to conduct a biological pesticide handling study. Title XV: Agricultural Trade - Agricultural Development and Trade Act of 1990 - Subtitle A: Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 - Mickey Leland Food for Peace Act - Amends the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 with regard to: (1) trade and development assistance programs for developing countries; (2) emergency and private assistance programs; (3) food for development programs for least developed countries; (4) general authorities and requirements; (5) a farmer-to-farmer program to assist developing countries, middle-income countries, and emerging democracies; and (6) the establishment of the Enterprise for the Americas Facility to foster economic growth and reform in Latin America and the Caribbean. Authorizes appropriations. Amends the Food for Progress Act of 1985 to authorize the President, through FY 1995, to use Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) funds to provide food assistance to strengthen the agricultural sector of certain foreign countries. Subtitle B: Shipping Provisions - Exempts an American Great Lakes vessel (AGLV) from provisions of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 which prohibit a vessel which is built or rebuilt outside the United States or documented under any foreign registry from being, for purposes of cargo preference provisions, a privately owned U.S.-flag vessel. Directs the Secretary of Transportation to designate a vessel to be an AGLV if it meets certain requirements. Declares that, notwithstanding any law, if the United States does not purchase the vessel, the owner shall not be prohibited from transferring the vessel to a foreign registry or selling it to a non-U.S. citizen. Prohibits an AGLV, except during the Great Lakes shipping off-season, from: (1) engaging in trade from a non-Great Lakes U.S. port or between U.S. ports; (2) carrying certain bulk cargo; or (3) providing any service other than ocean freight service. Authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to revoke the designation of a vessel as an AGLV upon determining that the vessel does not meet a requirement for the designation, it has been operated in violation of this title, or the owner has violated a construction and purchase agreement under this title. Authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to terminate an AGLV designation upon petition and a showing of good cause. Sets forth a civil penalty for any act for which an AGLV designation may be revoked. Amends the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 to require the CCC, without detriment to any port range, to allocate, based on the lowest landed cost without regard to the country of documentation of the vessel, 50 percent of the bagged, processed, or fortified commodities furnished under the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954. Subtitle C: Export Promotion - Amends the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 to set forth U.S. agricultural trade policy and long-term trade strategies and goals. Sets forth provisions with regard to: (1) agricultural export programs; (2) export direct credit programs; (3) response to unfair trade practices; (4) program controls for export programs; (5) agricultural embargo protection; (6) the Foreign Agricultural Service; and (7) specified reports on agricultural exports. Subtitle D: General Provisions - Amends the Disaster Assistance Act of 1988 to extend through FY 1995 certain cottonseed and sunflower seed oil export assistance. Directs the CCC to provide export credit guarantees for agricultural exports to emerging democracies. Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to establish a fellowship program ("Cochran Fellowship Program") for individuals from middle-income countries and emerging democracies who specialize in agriculture for study in the United States. Authorizes the President to provide economic assistance to countries to help them reduce their dependence on the production of illicit narcotic and psychotropic crops. Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to develop a methodology for determining the world price of livestock and livestock products. Subtitle E: Studies, Reports, and Other Provisions - Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to study the effect of the creation of a North American and a U.S.-Mexico free trade area on the U.S. agricultural economy. Requires the Secretary of Agriculture to study the impact of consignment sales of foreign roses and fresh cut flowers on the U.S. rose and fresh cut flower industry. Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to assess the impact upon prices received by producers, costs to consumers, and the overall effect upon the ability of the United States to fulfill export goals and expand foreign markets for domestic commodities, of the current agricultural transportation situation, especially on rail transportation capabilities including rail abandonments, periodic shortages of rail car equipment for transporting agricultural commodities, and the practice of rail carriers selling in advance certificates of transportation. Declares the policy of the Congress with respect to U.S. access to European Community agricultural markets. Directs the Foreign Agricultural Service to revise evaluation reports for its Foreign Service officers to require assessment of an officer's foreign language proficiency. Requires that promotion precedence be given to officers who have achieved the General Professional Speaking Proficiency level in one or more languages. Amends the Tobacco Adjustment Act of 1983 to set forth reporting requirements with respect to the export of tobacco products. Sets forth similar reporting requirements with respect to the export of raw peanuts. Expresses the sense of the Congress in opposition to the European Community's proposed rebalancing of import protections. Sets forth U.S. goals for the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations. Subtitle F: Conforming Provisions and Technical Changes - Sets forth conforming provisions and technical changes to specified acts. Title XVI: Research - Subtitle A: Extensions and Changes to Existing Programs - Amends the Research Facilities Act to extend agricultural research facilities grants through 1995. Amends the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 to extend through 1995: (1) animal health and disease continuing research; (2) animal health and disease national or regional research; (3) agricultural research programs; (4) extension education; (5) supplemental and alternative crops research; (6) the rangeland research advisory board; (7) rangeland research; (8) dairy goat research; (9) the Joint Council on Food and Agricultural Sciences; and (10) the National Agricultural Research and Extension Users Advisory Board. Repeals specified programs. Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to extend: (1) grants to upgrade 1890 land-grant college extension facilities through 1992; and (2) grants for Federal agricultural research facilities through 1995. Amends the Critical Agricultural Materials Act to extend critical agricultural materials research through 1995. Amends the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 to: (1) establish an Agricultural Science Technology Review Board; (2) establish in the Department the National Agricultural Library; (3) authorize a food science and nutrition research center; (4) extend the animal health science research advisory board through 1995; (5) provide for an animal care delivery system study; (6) revise grant provisions to enhance veterinary school research capacity; (7) revise grant provisions for food and agricultural sciences education; (8) revise grant provisions for research on alcohols and industrial hydrocarbon marketing; (9) establish grants for resident instruction, agricultural and food service facilities, and research and training centennial centers at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee University; (10) revise international agricultural research and extension as well as international trade development center provisions; (11) revise aquaculture assistance provisions; (12) establish aquaculture research facilities at specified universities in Virginia and Illinois; and (13) extend aquaculture research through 1995. Amends Federal law to establish specified high priority agricultural research initiatives. Subtitle B: Substainable Agriculture Research and Education - Amends the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act Amendments of 1985 to repeal agricultural productivity research authority. Directs the Secretary to: (1) conduct research and extension projects relating to maximum utilization of biological applications and integrated management systems; (2) develop handbooks and technical guides relating to sustainable agriculture production systems; and (3) establish a National Training Program in Sustainable Agriculture. Subtitle C: National Genetics Resources Programs - Establishes a National Genetic Resources Program and related advisory council. Subtitle D: National Agricultural Weather Information System - National Agricultural Weather Information System Act of 1990 - Establishes: (1) in the Department an Agricultural Weather Office to plan and administer the National Agricultural Weather Information System; (2) an Advisory Board on Agricultural Weather; and (3) grants for State agricultural weather information systems. Subtitle E: Research Regarding the Production, Preparation, Processing, Handling, and Storage of Agricultural Products - Establishes: (1) a research and grant program regarding the production, preparation, processing, handling, and storage of agricultural products; and (2) a related advisory committee. Subtitle F: Plant and Animal Pest and Disease Control Program - Establishes: (1) an integrated pest management research program; (2) a pest and disease control data base; (3) an exotic pest research program; and (4) a chinch bug research program. Subtitle G: Alternative Agricultural Research and Commercialization - Alternative Agricultural Research and Commercialization Act of 1990 - Establishes: (1) in the Department an Alternative Agricultural Research and Commercialization Center; (2) the Alternative Agricultural Research and Commercialization Board; (3) Regional centers; and (4) in the Treasury the Alternative Agricultural Research and Commercialization Revolving Fund. Subtitle H: Miscellaneous Research Provisions - Establishes: (1) a research program concerning the introduction of genetically engineered organisms into the environment; (2) a plant genome mapping program; (3) an aflatoxin research program; (4) a mesquite research program; (5) a prickly pear research program; (6) an immunoassay research program; (7) an agricultural telecommunications program; (8) an Agricultural Research Facilities Planning and Closure Study Commission; (9) centers for agricultural product quality research; (10) Indian reservation extension programs; (11) grants to study agricultural trade constraints; (12) a pilot project to coordinate food and nutrition education programs; (13) demonstration grants for assistive technology for farmers with disabilities; and (14) a honeybee disease research program. Title XVII: - Food Stamp and Related Provisions - Mickey Leland Memorial Domestic Hunger Relief Act - Subtitle A: Food Stamp Program - Amends the Food Stamp Act of 1977 with respect to: (1) restaurant meal prices for the homeless; (2) categorical eligibility for general assistance recipients; (3) exclusion from income for educational benefits and clothing allowances; (4) excess medical expense deductions; (5) monthly reporting; (6) resource and eligibility; (7) transitional housing; (8) third-party assistance payments; (9) employment and training programs; (10) student eligibility; (11) electronic benefits issuance;(12) minimum benefits; (13) aggregate allotment issuance; (14) retail food stores and wholesale food concerns; (15) application requirements; (16) homeless family shelter costs; (17) rural issuance procedures; (18) nutrition education; (19) GAO audits of simplified applications; (20) permanent disqualification, fines, fraud, and unlawful use of food stamps; (21) automation; (22) demonstration projects for vehicle exclusion limits and for AFDC-food stamp simplification; (23) participation grants; (24) nutrition assistance in Puerto Rico; and (25) food stamp program reauthorization through FY 1995. Subtitle B: Commodity Distribution Programs - Amends the Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act to extend the commodity supplemental food programs through 1995. Amends the Temporary Food Assistance Act of 1983 to: (1) make CCC commodities available to the emergency food assistance program; and (2) extend such program through FY 1995. Authorizes advance funding for State option contracts. Amends the Hunger Prevention Act of 1988 to: (1) extend soup kitchen and food bank programs through FY 1995; and (2) revise gleaning provisions. Extends authority for CCC cheese and nonfat dry milk transfers through FY 1995. Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to extend the nutrition education program through FY 1995. Directs the Secretary to conduct school lunch studies. Subtitle C: Effective Dates - Sets forth effective dates for provisions of this title. Title XVIII: Credit - Subtitle A: Farmers Home Administration Loans - Amends the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act to: (1) authorize soil and water loans; (2) establish conservation easements on wetlands on Farmers Home Administration (FmHA) inventory property; (3) revise debt restructuring provisions; (4) revise limited resource borrower interest rate provisions; (5) allocate Indian reservation loan funds on a reservation-wide basis; (6) provide for borrower financial and management training; (7) revise loan assessment provisions; and (8) prohibit loan use to fill or drain a wetland. Subtitle B: Farm Credit System - Amends the Farm Credit Act of 1971 with regard to: (1) financing for marketing and processing operations; (2) liens on stock; (3) the termination date for the Farm Credit System Assistance Board (January 1, 1993); (4) authority for the California Livestock Production Credit Association to terminate its Farm Credit System institution status; (5) guaranteed loan secondary market access; (6) Farm Credit Administration regulatory authority over the Agricultural Mortgage Corporation; and (7) a GAO study of rural credit availability. Subtitle C: Miscellaneous - Repeals the Emergency Agricultural Credit Adjustment Act of 1978. Amends the Agricultural Credit Act of 1987 to: (1) authorize appropriations for disadvantaged farm outreach programs; and (2) extend State mediation programs. Amends Federal law to authorize appropriations for Indian land acquisition. Subtitle D: Effective Dates - Sets forth effective dates for provisions of this title. Title XIX: Agricultural Promotion - Pecans Agricultural Promotion Programs Act of 1990 - Subtitle A: - Pecan Promotion and Research Act of 1990 - Directs the Secretary to issue orders to pecan growers, handlers, and importers with respect to pecan promotion and research. Requires any such order to establish a Pecan Marketing Board. Funds such program through assessments. Provides for a pecan producer referendum of program approval. Authorizes appropriations. Subtitle B: Mushrooms - Mushroom Promotion, Research, and Consumer Information Act of 1990 - Directs the Secretary to issue orders to mushroom producers, importers, and first handlers with respect to mushroom promotion, research, and consumer information. Requires such an order to establish a Mushroom Council. Funds such activities through producer and importer assessments. Provides for a mushroom producer referendum for approval of such orders. Authorizes appropriations. Subtitle C: Potatoes - Potato Research and Promotion Act Amendments of 1990 - Amends the Potato Research and Promotion Act to extend coverage to all domestic and foreign potatoes. Directs the Secretary to propose and implement an alternative potato research and promotion plan, if requested by a potato producer or producer organization, subject to approval by a producer referendum. Requires such alternative plan to establish a National Potato Promotion Board. Provides for producer and importer assessments. Subtitle D: Lime s - Lime Research, Promotion, and Consumer Information Act of 1990 - Directs the Secretary to issue orders to lime producers, handlers, and importers with respect to lime promotion, research, and consumer information. Requires such an order to establish a Lime Board. Funds such activities through producer and importer assessment. Provides for a lime producer referendum for approval of such orders. Authorizes appropriations. Subtitle E: Soybeans - Soybean Promotion, Research, and Consumer Information Act - Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to issue an order (subject to a producer referendum) creating a soybean promotion, research, and consumer education program. Requires any such order to provide for the establishment of: (1) a United Soybean Board; (2) State soybean boards; and (3) a Soybean Program Coordinating Committee. Funds such program through producer assessments. Authorizes appropriations. Subtitle F: Honey and Wool - Honey Research, Promotion, and Consumer Information Act Amendments of 1990 - Amends the Honey Research, Promotion, and Consumer Information Act to permit one of the two current Honey Board importer seats to be filled by an exporter. Exempts from honey assessments an importer, producer, or producer-handler who handles less than 6000 pounds of honey annually all of which is used at home, donated, or distributed directly through retail outlets. Provides that: (1) patents, copyrights, inventions, publications, or product formulations developed with Board funds shall belong to the Board; and (2) any funds derived therefrom shall inure to the benefit of the Board. Provides for assessments to be deducted directly from honey price support loans. Amends the National Wool Act of 1954 to reduce required producer referendum approval votes from two-thirds to one-half. Subtitle G: Cotton - Cotton Research and Promotion Act Amendments of 1990 - Amends the Cotton Research and Promotion Act to require the Secretary to propose and implement alternative cotton handler orders upon request by a cotton producer or producer organization, subject to producer referendum of approval. Requires each alternative order to establish a Cotton Board. Subtitle H: Processor - Funded Milk Promotion Program - Fluid Milk Promotion Act of 1990 - Provides for establishment of a processor-funded milk promotion program under certain circumstances, including a National Processor Advertising and Promotion Board. Authorizes appropriations. Subtitle I: Miscellaneous Provisions - Expresses the sense of the Congress with regard to producer research and promotion board accountability. Directs the Secretary to ensure marketing order compliance with U.S. international obligations. Title XX: Grain Quality - Grain Quality Incentives Act of 1990 - Directs the Secretary to establish a Department of Agriculture Committee on Grain Quality. Prohibits the export of grain without aflatoxin testing. Declares the sense of Congress with respect to: (1) mycotoxin and pesticide residue testing; and (2) enforcement of grain standards by Federal agencies together with the Federal Grain Inspection Service. Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 with respect to quality incentives in Commodity Credit Corporation program and activities. Declares the sense of Congress with respect to: (1) grain variety evaluation and the development of objective tests for the end-use properties of grains; and (2) cooperation in such testing by the Federal Grain Inspection Service, the Agricultural Research Service, and land-grant universities. Title XXI: Organic Certification - Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 - Establishes: (1) an organic certification program for producers and handlers of organically grown agricultural products (fruits, vegetables, animals, and poultry); (2) national organic production standards; (3) State organic certification programs; (4) a National List of approved and prohibited substances; and (5) a National Organic Standards Board. Authorizes appropriations. Title XXII: Crop Insurance and Disaster Assistance - Subtitle A: Crop Insurance - Amends the Federal Crop Insurance Act to require the submission of social security and employer identification numbers as a condition of Federal crop insurance eligibility. Authorizes crop insurance for dry edible beans. Subtitle B: Disaster Assistance - Amends the Disaster Assistance Act of 1989 to: (1) base sugarcane harvest determinations on the quantity of recoverable sugar; (2) make valencia oranges eligible for disaster assistance; (3) provide for separate crop determinations in double-cropped areas; and (4) provide cost sharing assistance for Hurricane Hugo forestry assistance. Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to provide assistance for 1989 weather-damaged Louisiana sugarcane. Sets forth revised emergency crop loss provisions for: (1) annual crops; (2) orchards; (3) forest crops; and (4) assistance to producers on the Big Horn River drainage system located on the Wind River Indian Reservation. Subtitle C: Miscellaneous Provisions - Authorizes grants for migrant worker emergency services. Title XXIII: Rural Development - Rural Economic Development Act of 1990 - Subtitle A: Reorganization of the Department of Agriculture - Amends the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act to establish in the Department the Rural Development Administration. Subtitle B: Coordination of Rural Development Efforts - Establishes: (1) a Rural Partnerships Investment Board to provide lines of credit for rural economic development revolving funds; (2) in the Treasury the Rural Business Investment Fund; and (3) local revolving funds. Authorizes appropriations. Amends the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act to: (1) establish a delivery system for certain rural development programs; and (2) revise water and waste facility financing provisions. Subtitle C: Water and Waste Facilities - Amends the Farm Credit Act to authorize lending for water and waste projects. Establishes a rural wastewater treatment circuit rider program. Amends the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act to establish: (1) emergency community water assistance grants; and (2) water and waste facility loans and grants to alleviate health risks. Subtitle D: Enhancing Human Resources - Provides for enhanced rural community access to advanced telecommunications. Amends the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act to: (1) authorize loans for business telecommunications partnerships; and (2) establish rural emergency assistance loans (authorizing appropriations). Subtitle E: Rural Business and Emergency Assistance - Amends the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 to: (1) establish a technical assistance unit; (2) defer economic development loan payments; and (3) establish in the Treasury the Rural Incubator Fund to promote rural economic development. Amends the Rural Development Act of 1972 to establish: (1) an Extension Service rural economic and business development program; and (2) a program to provide rural citizens with technical and management training. Amends the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act to establish rural technology grants. Amends the Rural Development Act of 1972 to establish rural development research grants. Amends the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 to provide for the appointment of an Assistant Administrator for Economic Development. Subtitle F: Rural Electrification Provisions - Rural Telecommunications Improvements Act of 1990 - Amends the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 to prohibit the Administrator and the Governor from: (1) requiring a telephone loan applicant to increase rates charged to customers or subscribers or the ratio of net income or margins before interest to the interest requirements on all the applicant's outstanding and proposed loans; or (2) treating certain rural development investments as dividends or capital distributions. Directs the Administrator to maintain separate electric and telephone accounts within the Rural Electric and Telephone Revolving Fund. Requires telephone loan interest rate tiers. Revises provisions regarding the Rural Telephone Bank Board of Directors. Subtitle G: Rural Revitalization Through Forestry - Establishes an economic development and global marketing program in a manner consistent with environmental concerns. National Forest - Dependent Rural Communities Economic Diversification Act of 1990 - Authorizes the Secretary upon a rural community's request, to establish a rural forestry and economic diversification action team to develop a plan to promote economic diversification and enhance local economies dependent upon national forest resources. Authorizes the Secretary to make loans to economically disadvantaged communities for related purposes. Subtitle H: Miscellaneous Provisions - Establishes within the National Agricultural Library a National Rural Information Center Clearinghouse. Amends the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act to: (1) establish local income-based loan rates for health care and related facilities; (2) establish a loan restructuring and servicing program for distressed community facility program borrowers; (3) authorize broadcasting system grants; and (4) revise and extend through FY 1995 the grant program for financially stressed farmers, dislocated farmers, and rural families. Rural Health and Safety Education Act of 1990 - Amends the Rural Development Act of 1972 to authorize grants to establish individual and family health and farm safety education programs. Authorizes appropriations. Establishes a rural health infrastructure improvement demonstration program. Directs the Secretary to establish a plan to increase rural development private contracting. Title XXIV: Global Climate Change - Global Climate Change Prevention Act of 1990 - Establishes: (1) within the Department a Global Climate Change Program; (2) a related technical advisory committee; (3) within the Forest Service an Office of International Forestry; (4) an Institute of Tropical Forestry in Puerto Rico; and (5) an Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Directs the Secretary to conduct studies on: (1) climate change effects on crops and forests; and (2) forest emissions. Authorizes pilot projects for: (1) urban forestry; and (2) biomass energy. Authorizes appropriations. Title XXV: Other Related Provisions - Establishes outreach and assistance programs for socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers. Authorizes appropriations. Amends the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act to establish operating loan target participation rates for socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers. Amends the Animal Welfare Act to make it unlawful for dealers to obtain live random source dogs and cats from any but specified sources. Requires dealer certification. Amends the Department of Agriculture Organic Act of 1944 and specified Federal law to extend the scope of plant and animal pest and disease control to all foreign countries. Establishes a pseudorabies eradication program. Expresses the sense of the Congress in favor of repealing a specified regulation regarding imported poultry inspection. Authorizes the collection of fees for specified agricultural inspection services. Establishes in the Treasury the Agricultural Quarantine Inspection User Fee Account. Directs the Secretary to: (1) develop a system to determine the farm value of agricultural products; and (2) gather data for crop reports, including fruit and nut tree inventories. Agricultural Program Reporting and Recordkeeping Improvement Act of 1990 - Provides for a reduction in Department paperwork. Directs the Secretary to study and report to the appropriate congressional committees on the transportation of fertilizer and agricultural chemicals. Authorizes appropriations.

Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 - Title I: Dairy - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the dairy program for 1991 through 1995, including milk price supports. Fluid Milk Promotion Act of 1990 - Provides for establishment of a processor-funded milk promotion program under certain circumstances, including a National Processor Advertising and Promotion Board. Authorizes appropriations. Title II: Wool and Mohair - Amends the National Wool Act of 1954 to extend the wool and mohair price support program through 1995. Title III: Wheat - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the price support and acreage reduction programs for the 1991 through 1995 crops of wheat. Title IV: Feed Grains - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the price support and acreage reduction programs for the 1991 through 1995 crops of feed grains. Title V: Cotton - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the price support and acreage reduction programs for the 1991 through 1995 crops of upland cotton. Title VI: Rice - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the price support and acreage reduction programs for the 1991 through 1995 crops of rice. Title VII: Peanuts - Amends the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 to set forth the program for the 1991 through 1995 crops of peanuts, including price supports. Title VIII: Oilseeds - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the price support program for oilseeds for the 1991 through 1995 marketing years. Title IX: Sugar - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth the price support program for the 1991 through 1995 crops of sugar beets and sugarcane. Title X: General Commodity Provisions - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 with respect to the acreage base and yield system and the 1991 through 1995 honey price support program. Amends various specified Acts with respect to commodity programs. Title XI: Trade - Agricultural Development and Trade Act of 1990 - Amends the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 with respect to food and development assistance, emergency and price assistance programs, Food for Freedom, and general authorities and requirements. Amends the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 with respect to agricultural trade policy, agricultural export programs, response to unfair trade practices, the Foreign Agricultural Service, and related matters. Amends the Disaster Assistance Act of 1988 with respect to cottonseed oil and sunflower oil exports. Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to establish a fellowship program ("Cochran Fellowship Program") for individuals from middle-income countries and emerging democracies who specialize in agriculture for study in the United States. Sets U.S. goals for the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations. Title XII: Conservation - Conservation Stewardship Act of 1990 - Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to direct the Secretary to establish a conservation stewardship program. Amends the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act to authorize the Secretary to provide cost-share assistance to enable project sponsors to acquire perpetual wetland or flood plain conservation easements for certain purposes. Farms for the Future Act of 1990 - Directs the Secretary, acting through the Farmers Home Administration, to establish an Agricultural Resource Conservation Demonstration Program to provide Federal guarantees and interest rate assistance for loans by lending institutions to State trust funds to finance farmland protection and preservation activities. Directs the Secretary to establish a voluntary Integrated Crop Management Program Option to assist commodity producers in adopting site-specific integrated crop management plans. Title XIII: Credit - Amends the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act with respect to specified Farmers Home Administration (FmHA) loans. Declares the sense of the Congress regarding: (1) assistance for qualified beginning farmers or ranchers; and (2) FmHA loan application review and loan servicing. Amends the Farm Credit Act of 1971 with respect to specified Farm Credit System activities. Title XIV: Research - National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1990 - Amends the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 with respect to specified research, extension, and teaching programs. Agriculture and Ground Water Policy Research and Education Coordination Act - Sets forth groundwater policy of the Department of Agriculture, including creation of an Office of Ground Water Policy Coordination and a Committee on Ground Water Policy. Provides for coordination of Federal and State groundwater programs. Directs the Secretary to establish within the Extension Service: (1) a National Chemical Education Program; (2) a National Education Program for the Management of Household Chemicals, Pesticides, and Fertilizers; and (3) a National Education Program for the Management of Water Resources. Authorizes appropriations. Amends the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act with respect to groundwater policy activities of the Soil Conservation Service. Directs the Secretary to conduct research of issues addressed by this title. Requires the Secretary, acting through the Director of the National Agricultural Library, to establish at the Library an agriculture and groundwater quality planning information repository or clearinghouse. Authorizes appropriations. Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Act of 1990 - Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to provide for a low-input sustainable agriculture research and education program. Directs the Secretary to establish: (1) a National Sustainable Agriculture Advisory Council; and (2) four Regional Administrative Councils. Provides for matching grants to States to assist in the creation or enhancement of State programs. Authorizes appropriations. Directs the Secretary to establish a National Training Program in Sustainable Agriculture for Extension Service agents and other professionals, including two National Training Centers. Authorizes appropriations. Authorizes an Extension Service pesticide application advisory program. Requires the Secretary to establish a grant program within the Cooperative State Research Service and the Agricultural Research Service to provide assistance for environmental assessment research concerning the introduction of genetically engineered organisms into the environment. Authorizes appropriations. Pet Theft Act of 1990 - Amends the Animal Welfare Act to make it unlawful for class B licensees (dealers) to obtain live random source dogs and cats except from specified sources. Requires the dealers to have valid certification to do so. Directs the Secretary to establish: (1) reservation extension agents to provide extension services to Indian Reservations and tribal jurisdictions; and (2) a National Community Development Award for land grant complexes that demonstrate outstanding commitment to mission-based integrated research and extension programs that interact with and contribute to local communities. Declares the sense of the Congress that a specified competitive grant program should not derive its funding from a reduction in formula funding of agricultural research and extension programs. Directs the Secretary to establish a program of technical and financial assistance to eligible institutions that participate in a telecommunications network distributing information consistent with certain objectives. Directs the Secretary to establish an Agriculture Research Facilities Planning and Closure Study Commission to study and recommend the closure, modification, or modernization of currently operating and planned agricultural research facilities. Directs the Secretary to study and recommend the closure, modification, or modernization of currently operating and planned agricultural research facilities. Rural Health and Safety Education Act of 1990 - Amends the Rural Development Act of 1972 to authorize the Secretary to make grants for the establishment of individual and family health and farm safety education programs. Authorizes appropriations. Authorizes the Secretary to make demonstration grants to enable private nonprofit disability organizations to initiate or expand community-based direct service programs that provide on-site rural rehabilitation and assistive technology for individuals with physical disabilities (and their families) who are engaged in farming or farm-related occupations. Requires the Secretary to award a grant to a national organization of the same sort to enable it to provide technical assistance, training, information dissemination, and other activities to support such community-based direct service programs. Title XV: Forestry - Forest Stewardship Act of 1990 - Amends the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 to direct the Secretary, acting through Federal, State, and local agencies and the private sector, to establish and expand programs providing educational and technical assistance to meet the goals of this Act. Authorizes the Secretary to assist State foresters to develop and distribute tree seeds and trees to reforest or afforest non-Federal land suitable for timber production. Requires the Secretary to establish a Forest Stewardship Program to assist landowners to manage more actively their nonindustrial private forest and related resources. Authorizes appropriations. Directs the Secretary to establish within the Forest Service a Forest Stewardship Incentives Program which shall provide cost-share assistance to private landowners for certain activities. Authorizes appropriations. Directs the Secretary to establish a Forest Legacy Program to protect environmentally sensitive forest lands threatened by conversion to an alternative use. Permits the Secretary to purchase interests in land and water or to use conservation easements to implement such program. Authorizes appropriations. Authorizes the Secretary to protect trees, forests, and related resources and products in the National Forest System or on non-Federal lands in order to prevent, retard, control, or suppress insects and diseases affecting them. Authorizes appropriations. Authorizes appropriations for forest fire fighting activities. Directs the Secretary, acting through the Extension Service and the Cooperative Extension System, to establish education programs and provide technical assistance for an economic development and global marketing program. Directs the Secretary to establish: (1) an interdepartmental Forest Resource Coordinating Committee; and (2) State Forest Stewardship Advisory Committees. Declares that it is the sense of the Congress to reaffirm the McIntire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry Act. Directs the Secretary to establish a competitive forestry, natural resources, and environmental grant program to award grants for specified branches of forest research. Authorizes appropriations. Directs the Secretary to make a grant to a State to establish a Southern Forest Regeneration Center to study forest regeneration problems and forest productivity in the southern United States. Requires a report to specified congressional committees. Authorizes appropriations. Directs the Secretary to establish a competitive grant program within the Southern Forest Productivity Program to make grants for research focused on protecting and increasing the productivity of southern forest lands. Amends the Renewable Resources Extension Act of 1978 to require the Secretary, acting through the Extension Service and the State Cooperative Extension Services, to expand forestry and natural resources education programs for private forest owners and managers, public officials, youth, and the general public, including guidelines for the transfer of technology. Amends the Forest Rangeland and Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978 to direct the Secretary to establish a Forestry Student Grant Program to provide assistance to expand the professional education of forestry, natural resources, and environmental scientists. Authorizes appropriations. Directs the Secretary to establish a Center for Semiarid Agroforestry Research, Development, and Demonstration in Lincoln, Nebraska. Specifies topics for Center research. Authorizes appropriations. Requires the Secretary to report to specified congressional committees on the promotion and participation of wood and wood products in programs conducted under the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954. Authorizes the Secretary to develop within the Forest Service an emergency reforestation program to encourage (through cost-sharing assistance) the development, management, and protection of timber lands damaged by natural disasters. Authorizes appropriations. Title XVI: Organic Certification Program - Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 - Directs the Secretary to establish an organic certification program for producers and handlers of organically grown agricultural products. Requires the Secretary to permit States to set up similar programs. Directs the Secretary to establish a label for agricultural products from organically certified farms and handlers. Specifies crop production practices and materials prohibited on organically certified farms. Sets forth requirements for livestock, poultry, and wild or domestic game raised and slaughtered under this title. Requires producers and handlers seeking certification to submit organic plans for approval. Provides for accreditation and peer review of certifying agents. Establishes minimum standards for organic production. Requires the Secretary to publish a National List of approved and prohibited substances as part of such standards. Directs the Secretary to establish a National Organic Standards Board to assist in the development of standards for organic production. Requires the Board: (1) to convene advisory panels to help it; and (2) to review all botanical pesticides used in agricultural production to consider whether any of them belong on the prohibited list. Sets forth civil and criminal penalties for violations of this title. Requires the Secretary to establish an expedited administrative appeals procedure for persons adversely affected by administrative actions under this title. Directs the Secretary to establish a National Organic Promotion Advisory Committee. Authorizes appropriations. Directs the Secretary to establish a National Transition Label Demonstration Program which shall make grants to at least four States to explore the ramifications of setting up a transition label for agricultural products. Authorizes appropriations. Directs the Secretary to establish a program of research on the production and marketing of organic agricultural products. Authorizes appropriations. Title XVII: Fruits and Vegetables - Fruits and Vegetables Act of 1990 - Directs the Secretary to study: (1) the state of the fruit and vegetable industry; and (2) Federal programs that provide market enhancement assistance to producers of fruits and vegetables. Grown in the United States Food Labeling Act of 1990 - Directs the Secretary to establish a Grown in the United States Food Labeling Program for prescribing conditions under which food producers, processors, and sellers may label food products as grown in the United States. Declares the sense of Congress about the use of U.S. grown fruits and vegetable in Federal programs. Amends the Agricultural Adjustment Act, as amended by the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, to require imported kiwifruit, nectarines, plums, or pistachios to meet all standards and requirements which apply to their domestically produced counterparts. Agricultural Marketing Reform Act of 1990 - Amends the Agricultural Adjustment Act, as amended by the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1937, with respect to grading standards and marketing orders, to increase emphasis on organically grown commodities and reduce emphasis on cosmetic quality. Directs the Secretary to establish a National Laboratory Accreditation Program for laboratories that test chemical residue in agricultural products. Authorizes appropriations. Pesticide Export Reform Act of 1990 - Amends the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act with respect to pesticide exports and imports. Amends the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act with respect to tolerances for pesticide residues in agricultural products. Title XVIII: Grain Quality - Grain Quality Incentives Act of 1990 - Directs the Secretary to establish a Department of Agriculture Committee on Grain Quality, chaired by a Grain Quality Coordinator. Amends the United States Grain Standards Act with respect to grain cleanliness, soundness, and purity. Prohibits the export of grain without aflatoxin testing. Declares the sense of Congress with respect to: (1) mycotoxin and pesticide residue testing; and (2) enforcement of grain standards by Federal agencies together with the Federal Grain Inspection Service. Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 with respect to quality incentives in Commodity Credit Corporation programs and activities. Declares the sense of Congress with respect to: (1) grain variety evaluation and the development of objective tests for the end-use properties of grains; and (2) cooperation in such testing by the Federal Grain Inspection Service, the Agricultural Research Service, and land-grant universities. Authorizes the Secretary to: (1) give technical assistance to grain producers and elevator operators with respect to grain cleaning, drying, or storage equipment; and (2) work with specified entities in establishing commercial performance criteria for grain inspection instruments. Requires the Secretary to develop cost-effective procedures for conducting commercial grain inspections at the first point of delivery where the inspections result in price adjustments related to premiums and discounts for grain quality factors. Title XIX: Related and Miscellaneous Matters - Alternative Agricultural Research and Commercialization Act of 1990 - Establishes within the Department of Agriculture the Alternative Agricultural Research and Commercialization Corporation to fund projects for research into development of new industrial products. Requires the Corporation to set up between four and nine Regional Centers in the United States to promote new nonfood, nonfeed uses of agricultural and forestry products. Authorizes the Corporation to provide financial assistance to projects for the commercialization of such new uses. Establishes a revolving fund for such purposes. Authorizes appropriations. Global Climate Change Prevention Act of 1990 - Establishes in the Department of Agriculture an Office of Climate Change to provide competitive grants for climate research. Directs the Secretary to study and report to appropriate congressional committees on the implications of global climate change for agriculture and forestry. Domestic Research on Global Warming, Forests, and Agriculture Act of 1990 - Directs the Secretary to study and report to specified congressional committees on: (1) the effects of global warming on rice production; (2) the effects of global warming on major U.S. crop production; (3) methane emissions from U.S. and Asian irrigated rice production; and (4) emissions from nitrogen intensive crops. Authorizes appropriations. Directs the Secretary to establish a Methane Emissions Program to evaluate: (1) methane emissions from agriculture-related activities around the world; and (2) the feasibility and costs of options to reduce such emissions from animal management activities. Authorizes appropriations. Directs the Secretary to study and report to specified congressional committees on emissions of methane, nitrous oxide, and hydrocarbons from tropical and temperate forests, the manner in which global change may affect them, and the manner in which they may be reduced through management practices. Authorizes appropriations. Requires the Secretary to set up a technical advisory committee with respect to major study areas under this Act. International Forestry Cooperation Act of 1990 - Authorizes the Secretary to engage in specified international forestry activities, especially with respect to certain industrializing, middle- and low-income countries where forestry policy and resource conservation and development could have a substantial impact on emissions of greenhouse gases related to global warming. Authorizes the Secretary to take certain actions supporting the Tropical Forestry Action Plan of the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization, especially with respect to tropical deforestation and degradation. Specifies activities the Secretary may engage in to support tropical forestry training within and outside the United States. Directs the Secretary to expand the capabilities and facilities of the Caribbean National Forest and Institute of Tropical Forestry in Puerto Rico. Requires the Secretary to submit to specified congressional committees a tropical forestry plan for the expansion and construction of additional facilities at the Institute. Authorizes appropriations. Directs the Secretary to establish an urban forestry energy conservation program. Authorizes appropriations. Authorizes the Secretary to carry out biomass energy demonstration projects. Amends the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978 with respect to forestry research and global warming. Authorizes the Secretary to enter into agreement with the Secretary of Defense to: (1) study reforestation and improved management of Department of Defense military installations and lands; and (2) develop a program to manage such forests and lands so as to maximize their potential for biomass growth and sequestering carbon dioxide. Authorizes appropriations.