Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1987

(Conference report filed in House, H. Rept. 100-576) Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988 - Title I: Trade, Customs, and Tariff Laws - Sets forth congressional findings and purposes with respect to U.S. trade. Subtitle A: United States Trade Agreements - Part 1: Negotiation and Implementation of Trade Agreements - Declares that the overall U.S. negotiating objectives with respect to trade agreements are to obtain: (1) more open and equitable market access; (2) the reduction or elimination of barriers and other trade-distorting pratices; and (3) a more effective system of international trading procedures. Sets forth the principal U.S. trade negotiating objectives with respect to: (1) dispute settlement procedures; (2) improvement of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and multilateral trade negotiation agreements; (3) transparency; (4) developing countries; (5) current account surpluses; (6) trade and monetary coordination; (7) agriculture; (8) unfair trade practices; (9) trade in services; (10) intellectual property; (11) foreign direct investment; (12) safeguard measures; (13) specific trade barriers, including the reduction and elimination of tariff and nontariff trade barriers; (14) worker rights; (15) access to high technology; and (16) border taxes. Grants the President the authority, whenever he determines that one or more existing duties or import restrictions of any foreign country or the United States are unduly burdening and restricting the foreign trade of the United States, to: (1) enter, before June 1, 1993, into trade agreements with foreign countries; and (2) proclaim any modification or continuance of duties, continuance of duty-free treatment, or imposition of additional duties, as appropriate. Grants the President the authority to enter, before June 1, 1993, into trade agreements with foreign countries to reduce or eliminate nontariff trade barriers or other distortions or to prohibit or limit the imposition of such barriers or distortions if he determines that they unduly burden or restrict U.S. commerce or adversely affect the U.S. economy, or that the imposition of such barriers or distortions is likely to result in a burden, restriction, or adverse effect. Grants the President the authority, before June 1, 1993, to enter into bilateral trade agreements with foreign countries to eliminate or reduce U.S. duties or trade barriers or distortions to international trade of a foreign country or the United States. Requires the President, before entering into such trade agreements, to consult with specified congressional committees. Sets forth the procedure for entering into such trade agreements. Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to authorize the President, whenever specified actions increase or impose a duty or import restriction, to enter into trade agreements to grant new concessions as compensation to a foreign country that has an existing trade agreement with the United States or to proclaim the modification or continuance of existing duties or duty-free treatment with respect to such agreement if it is necessary to meet U.S. international obligations. Requires the President to determine, before June 1, 1993, whether any major industrial country has failed to make reciprocal trade concessions to the United States under a trade agreement. Requires the President to recommend certain legislation to the Congress with respect to such country if the country has failed to make such concessions. Requires the President to make certain determinations based on specified criteria, regarding state trading enterprises before a foreign country accedes to the GATT. Requires the President, if a country's state trading enterprises meet such criteria, to reserve the right of the United States to withhold extension of such trade agreement between the United States and such country. Provides that, if a country's state trading enterprises meet such criteria, such trade agreement shall not apply between the United States and such country until: (1) such country and the United States enter into an agreement providing that the state trading enterprises will make certain purchases and sales in accordance with commercial considerations and sales; or (2) a bill which approves the extension of such agreement between the United States and such foreign country is enacted. Provides for expedited congressional consideration of such an implementing bill. Part 2: Hearings and Advice Concerning Negotiations - Requires the President, in connection with any proposed trade agreements under this Act to publish and furnish the International Trade Commission (ITC) with lists of articles which may be considered for modification or continuance of duties, continuance of duty-free or excise treatment, or additional duties. Authorizes the President, in connection with non-tariff trade agreements, to publish and furnish the ITC with lists of non-tariff matters which may be considered for modification. Requires the ITC, with respect to each article or non-tariff matter, to advise the President of the probable economic effects of such modifications on: (1) industries producing like or directly competitive articles; and (2) U.S. manufacturing, agriculture, mining, fishing, services, intellectual property, investment, labor, and consumers. Requires the ITC, in order to assist the President with respect to entering into proposed trade agreements and developing U.S. trade policy, to investigate and report to the President as to the effects of modification of any barrier or other distortion to international trade on domestic workers, industries or sectors, purchasers, prices, and quantities of articles in the United States. Sets forth specified actions the ITC must take in preparing advice on trade matters to the President. Requires the President, before entering into certain trade agreements, to: (1) seek information and advice with regard to such an agreement from the Departments of Agriculture, Commerce, Defense, the Interior, Labor, State, and the Treasury and from the United States Trade Representative (USTR); and (2) hold public hearings for comments. Permits the President, when seeking certain trade agreements, to make a formal offer for the modification or continuance of any U.S. duty, import restrictions, barriers or distortions to international trade, the continuance of U.S. duty free or excise treatment, or the imposition of additional duties, import restrictions, or other barriers to international trade, including trade in services, foreign direct investment, and intellectual property, with respect to any article or matter only after receiving a summary of the public hearings on such actions and advice from the ITC. Directs the President, with respect to offers made in the course of trade negotiations for the modification or continuance of any U.S. duty, import restriction, or barrier to international trade, to take into account any advice or reports submitted by: (1) the ITC; (2) the Advisory Committee For Trade Negotiations; or (3) any organization that holds public hearings with respect to any article or domestic industry that is sensitive or potentially sensitive to imports. Part 3: Other Trade Agreement and Negotiation Provisions - Repeals the Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Materials Importation Act of 1982. Amends the Tariff Schedules of the United States to exempt from duty the following items: (1) catalogs of films, recordings, or other visual and auditory material of an educational, scientific, or cultural character; (2) architectural, engineering, industrial, or commercial drawings and plans, whether originals or reproductions; (3) loose illustrations, reproduction proofs or reproduction films used for the production of books; (4) microfilm, microfiches, and similar film media of printed matter issued by literary or scientific institutions, books with the exception of Bibles and prayer books, newspapers, periodicals, tourist and other literature containing geographic, historical, hotel, or similar information, and manuscripts; (5) puzzles, game, sport, gymnastic, athletic, or playground equipment; (6) microfilm, microfiches, or similar film media of crossword puzzle books and toy books; and (7) microfilm, microfiches, or similar film media of official Government publications and documents. Provides that no article of developed photographic film may be exempted from duty unless: (1) a Federal agency designated by the President determines that such article is visual or auditory material of an educational, scientific, or cultural character; or (2) such article is imported by, or certified by the importer to be for the use of, any public or private institution or association approved as educational, scientific, or cultural by a Federal agency designated by the President and is certified by the importer to be visual or auditory material of an educational, scientific, or cultural character or to have been produced by the United Nations. Provides that if the President determines that there is or may be profitmaking exhibition or use of developed photographic film which interferes significantly with domestic production of similar articles he may prescribe regulations imposing restrictions on the entry of that item to insure its use only for nonprofitmaking activities. Provides that the exemption from duty for holograms for laser projection, motion-picture films, sound records and patterns and wall charts will apply only if such items are: (1) imported by, or certified by the importer to be for the use of, educational, scientific, or cultural institutions certified by a Federal agency; and (2) certified by the importer to be of an educational, scientific, or cultural character or to have been produced by the United Nations. Grants duty-free treatment to: (1) holograms for laser projection; (2) motion picture film; (3) sound recordings; (4) patterns and wall charts; (5) tools specially designed to be used for the maintenance, checking, gauging, or repair of scientific instruments; and (6) articles specially designed or adapted for the use or benefit of the blind or other physically or mentally handicapped persons. Removes toy models from the exemption from duty. Authorizes the President to restrict the duty-free treatment accorded to tools for scientific instruments or apparatus or articles for the blind and for other handicapped persons if the duty-free treatment has significant adverse impact on a domestic industry manufacturing or producing a like or directly competitive article and the effect of such change is consistent with the provisions of the relevant annexes of the Florence Agreement or the Nairobi Protocol. Provides that if the President proclaims changes to the Tariff Schedules of the United States to limit duty-free treatments the rate of duty thereafter applicable shall be ther rate determined by the President as the rate which would then be applicable to such article from such source if the duty-free treatment had not been enacted. Allows the President to resume duty-free treatment if he determines it could be restored without significant adverse impact on a domestic industry or portion thereof. Requires the President, before limiting or resuming duty-free treatment, to afford an opportunity for interested Government agencies and private persons to present their views concerning the proposed action. Authorizes the President to remove or modify any condition or restriction imposed for visual or auditory material to implement the Nairobi Protocol. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Commerce to obtain statistical information with respect to printed matter. Implements changes in the tariff treatment of the following products pursuant to the United States-European Communities Agreement on Citrus and Pasta: (1) anchovies; (2) certain cheeses; (3) satsuma oranges (mandarin); (4) olives; (5) capers; (6) paprika; (7) cider; and (8) olive oil. Authorizes the President to modify or terminate such changes at any time. Amends the International Coffee Agreement Act of 1980 to extend the effective period of such Act until October 1, 1989. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to initiate bilateral currency negotiations with a foreign country on an expedited basis whenever, in the course of trade negotiations, the President is advised by the Secretary that such foreign country satisfies specified criteria for initiating bilateral currency negotiations. Requires the President to update each report on wine exports that the President submitted to specified congressional committees pursuant to the Wine Equity and Export Expansion Act of 1984. Requires each updated report to contain: (1) a description of the tariff or nontariff barriers to trade in U.S. wine of each major wine trading country with respect to which the USTR has carried out consultations; (2) the status of such consultations; and (3) other information based on developments since the submission of the President's report on wine exports. Subtitle B: Implementation of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule - Declares that the Congress approves the U.S. accession to the International Convention on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System. Requires the President to submit a copy of each final instrument of the Convention to the Congress. Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to require the President to make such modifications to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule as are necessary to conform the old Tariff Schedules to the format of the Convention. Requires the ITC periodically to review and recommend modifications to the President with respect to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule. Permits the President to proclaim such modifications if he determines that they: (1) conform to U.S. obligations under the Convention; and (2) do not run counter to U.S. economic interests. Requires the ITC to publish the Harmonized Tariff Schedule. Directs the Secretary of Commerce to compile U.S. import and export trade statistics. Makes the United States Trade Representative responsible for coordinating U.S. trade policy with respect to the Convention. Sets forth provisions with respect to U.S. participation in the Customs Cooperation Council. Provides for conversion to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule. Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to include digital processing units for automatic data processing machines among the products subject to the President's authority to modify tariff treatment with respect to the enforcement of trade agreements with foreign countries. Subtitle C: Response to Unfair International Trade Practices - Part I: Enforcement of United States Rights Under Trade Agreements and Response to Certain Foreign Trade Practices - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to require the USTR, subject to the direction of the President, to take specified action to enforce U.S. trade rights under an agreement or to eliminate unfair trade practices if the USTR determines that: (1) the rights of the United States under any agreement are being denied; or (2) a foreign act, policy, or practice violates or otherwise denies U.S. benefits under any agreement, or burdens or restricts U.S. commerce. Sets forth circumstances under which the USTR is not required to take such action. Requires the USTR to take appropriate action to eliminate any foreign act, policy, or practice whenever he determines: (1) that such act, policy, or practice is unreasonable or discriminatory and burdens or restricts U.S. commerce; and (2) that action by the United States is appropriate. Permits any interested person to file a petition with the USTR requesting action to enforce U.S. trade rights under an agreement or eliminate unfair trade practices. Requires the USTR to initiate an investigation with regard to such petition if an affirmative determination is made. Requires the USTR to consult with the foreign country concerned regarding the issues involved in such investigation. Requires the USTR, based on his investigation and the consultations, to: (1) determine whether U.S. trade rights are being denied under any agreement, or any unfair trade act, policy, or practice exists; and (2) determine what action to take if an affirmative determination is made. Sets forth a timetable for such determinations. Requires the USTR to implement action to eliminate such unfair trade practices or enforce U.S. trade rights within 30 days after such determination is made. Requires the USTR, if he makes an affirmative determination involving export targeting by a foreign country and determines not to take action with respect to such affirmative determination, to: (1) establish an advisory panel to recommend measures to promote the competitiveness of the domestic industry affected by the export targeting; (2) on the basis of a specified panel report, take administrative actions or propose legislation that would restore international competitiveness of the affected domestic industry; and (3) submit to the Congress a report on such actions and legislative proposals. Requires the USTR to monitor each measure undertaken or each agreement entered into by a foreign country to: (1) enforce U.S. trade rights under the agreement; or (2) eliminate any unfair trade practice. Provides for modification or termination of actions to enforce U.S. trade rights or eliminate unfair trade practices. Requires the USTR to make available to any person upon request information concerning: (1) trade practices of a foreign country with respect to goods, services, investment, or intellectual property rights; (2) U.S. trade rights under any agreement and the remedies available under such agreement; and (3) past and present domestic and international proceedings with respect to such practices. Requires the USTR to identify U.S. trade liberalization priorities, including major trade barriers and trade distorting practices which if eliminated would have the most potential to increase U.S. exports. Requires the USTR to initiate an investigation with respect to all priority practices identified by the USTR for each of the priority foreign countries. Requires the USTR to identify: (1) those foreign countries that deny adequate protection of intellectual property rights or deny fair market access to U.S. persons that rely upon intellectual property protection; and (2) those foreign countries that have been determined by the USTR to be priority foreign countries. Requires the national trade estimate prepared annually by the USTR to include a list of the trade barriers of each foreign country and an estimate of the value of additional U.S. goods and services and the value of additional foreign direct investment by U.S. persons that would have been exported to, or invested in, each foreign country if each of such trade barriers did not exist. Requires the USTR to consider the value of such U.S. exports and investments in determining the trade distorting impact of such trade barriers. Changes the date on which such annual report (to be known as the National Trade Estimate) is due to April 30, 1989, and on or before March 31 of each succeeding calendar year. Requires the USTR to initiate an investigation with respect to Japanese practices that are barriers to the offering or performance by U.S. persons of architectural, engineering, construction, and consulting services in Japan. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should propose to the Japanese Prime Minister that a summit be held between the leaders of the United States and Japan to: (1) address trade and economic issues; and (2) establish an agreement that provides objectives for improvement in trade and economic relations, including targets for achieving such objectives. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the USTR and other U.S. officials should: (1) give highest priority to concluding and enforcing agreements with Japan which achieve improved market access for U.S. manufacturers of supercomputers and end predatory pricing activities of Japanese companies in the United States, Japan, and other countries; and (2) continue to monitor the efforts of U.S. manufacturers of supercomputers to gain access to Japanese markets while recognizing that Japan may continue to manipulate the government procurement process to maintain the market dominance of Japanese manufacturers. Part 2: Improvement in the Enforcement of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Laws - Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to require the administering authority, with respect to antidumping duty cases, to determine whether a foreign subsidy has been provided to a specific foreign enterprise or industry. Requires a finding that subsidies exist with respect to the manufacture, production, or exportation of certain agricultural products processed from raw agricultural products. Permits the USTR to revoke the status of a foreign country as a country under the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures if such foreign country: (1) announces that it does not intend, or is not able, to honor its obligations with respect to the United States or the Agreement; or (2) does not in fact honor such obligations. Requires the administering authority, with respect to countervailing duty investigations, to cumulate all subsidies provided to members of any international consortium in determining any countervailing duty upon merchandise that is manufactured by such consortium. Requires the administering authority, if the merchandise involved in a dumping investigation is exported from a nonmarket economy country and it is not possible to accurately determine the foreign market value of such merchandise from the information submitted by such country, to determine the foreign market value on the basis of the trade-weighted average price at which comparable merchandise is sold by a specified eligible market economy country. Provides for determining such foreign market value when there is inadequate information for making such determination. Defines "nonmarket economy country" to mean any country that the administering authority determines does not operate on market principles of cost or pricing structures. Requires the Commissioner of Customs and the International Trade Commission (ITC) to provide the administering authority, upon request, with a copy of all public and proprietary information that they possess that is relevant to dumping proceedings involving merchandise from nonmarket economy countries. Authorizes the administering authority to suspend an antidumping investigation involving a nonmarket economy country if specified conditions are met. Allows a domestic industry that produces a product that is like or directly competitive with merchandise produced by a foreign country to petition the USTR for antidumping action if such industry has reason to believe that: (1) such merchandise is being dumped in an Agreement country (Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, relating to antidumping measures); and (2) such industry is being materially injured, or threatened with material injury, by reason of such dumping. Sets forth provisions relating to input dumping. Allows the administering authority to consider the occurrence of different movements in the prices at which different forms of merchandise subject to an antidumping duty order are sold after the issuance of such order in the foreign country markets from which such merchandise is exported as evidence of the establishment of a fictitious market for the merchandise if the movement in such prices appears to reduce the amount by which the foreign market value of such merchandise exceeds the U.S. price of the merchandise. Authorizes any domestic producer of an article that is like a "component part" or a "downstream product" to petition the administering authority to designate a downstream product for monitoring. Defines "component part" to mean an import that: (1) during the five years preceding the petition has been subject to a countervailing or antidumping duty order or agreement; and (2) is used routinely as a major part in other manufactured articles. Defines "downstream product" to mean any import into which is incorporated any component part. Requires the administering authority, within 14 days of receiving the petition, to determine whether there is a reasonable likelihood that imports of the downstream product will increase as an indirect result of any diversion of such component parts. Sets forth factors to be considered in making such determination. Requires the administering authority to notify the ITC if such determination is affirmative. Requires the ITC to monitor, and report on, the levels of trade in downstream products. Requires the administering authority to: (1) consider the reports in determining whether to initiate an antidumping or countervailing duty investigation on any downstream product; and (2) request the ITC to stop monitoring such product if the reports indicate that imports are not increasing and there is no reasonable likelihood of diversionary dumping of component parts. Authorizes the administering authority, under specified circumstances, to include within an antidumping or countervailing duty order imported parts or components of certain merchandise assembled in the United States or in other foreign countries. Provides that any steel product manufactured in a country that is not party to a bilateral arrangement (a non-arrangement country), from steel melted and poured in a country that is an arrangement country will be treated for purposes of the quantitative restrictions under that arrangement as if it were a product of an arrangement country. Allows an eligible domestic entity to file a petition with the ITC requesting that a product category be established for short life cycle merchandise that becomes the subject of two or more affirmative dumping determinations. Defines "short life cycle merchandise" to mean any product that the ITC determines is likely to become outmoded within four years. Permits the administering authority, if it finds a reasonable basis to suspect that an alleged subsidy is inconsistent with the Agreement after the initiation of a countervailing or antidumping duty investigation, to request the Commissioner of Customs to compile information on an expedited basis regarding entries of the class or kind of merchandise that is the subject of such investigation. Requires the Commissioner to collect information regarding the volume and value of entries of such merchandise and to transmit such information to the administering authority upon request until: (1) a final determination is made with respect to such investigation; (2) such investigation is terminated; or (3) the administering authority withdraws its request for such information. Requires the ITC, if there is an affirmative determination of a subsidy or dumping, and critical circumstances and material injury to an industry exist, to determine whether retroactive imposition of a countervailing or antidumping duty on the merchandise is necessary to prevent recurrence of material injury that was caused by massive imports of such merchandise over a short period of time. Adds to the conditions permitting a foreign exporter to post a bond in lieu of the deposit of estimated antidumping duties in antidumping duty cases: (1) the antidumping duty investigation has not been designated as extraordinarily complicated; (2) the final determination by the administering authority has not been postponed; (3) the person who was sold dumped products provides credible evidence that the amount by which the foreign market value of such products exceeds the U.S. price for such products is significantly less than the amount of such excess specified in the administering authority's antidumping duty order; and (4) the foreign market value and U.S. price data apply to sales in the ordinary course of trade and the number of such sales are sufficient to form an adequate basis for comparison by the administering authority. Requires the administering authority, before determining whether to permit the posting of such bond in lieu of the deposit of estimated duties, to: (1) make available all proprietary information supplied to it under protective order to all interested parties; and (2) afford all such parties an opportunity to file comments with respect to the posting of such bond. Provides that certain producers of raw agricultural products may be considered part of the industry producing processed agricultural products for purposes of bringing countervailing and antidumping duty complaints. Sets forth the criteria such producers must meet. Defines "material injury" for purposes of complaints involving imports of a raw agricultural product and products processed from such raw agricultural product. Classifies a coalition or trade association which represents either processors, processors and producers, or processors and growers as interested parties in such investigations. Sets forth specified factors to be considered by the administering authority in determining whether a lease is equivalent to a sale for purposes of antidumping or countervailing duty investigations. Allows the ITC, in making a determination of material injury in an antidumping or countervailing duty case, to consider other economic factors that are relevant to the determination of such injury. Requires the ITC to explain its analysis and the relevance of each factor considered in making its determination. Adds to the factors that the ITC must consider in examining the impact of imports on a domestic industry the actual and potential negative effects on existing efforts of such industry to develop and produce a type of product derived or developed from an earlier type of product. Requires the ITC to evaluate all relevant economic factors within the context of the business cycle and conditions of competition that are distinctive to such industry. Adds to the factors that the ITC must consider in determining whether the threat of material injury exists: (1) the actual and potential negative effects on existing efforts of a domestic industry to develop and produce a type of product derived or developed from an earlier type of product; and (2) in dumping cases, dumping findings in other countries against the same exporter. Requires the ITC in such dumping cases to request information from the foreign exporter or U.S. importer on threat of material injury. Requires the ITC, in determining whether material injury occurred in an antidumping or countervailing duty case, to assess cumulatively the volume and effect of imports from two or more countries of like products if such imports compete with each other and with like products of the domestic industry in the U.S. market and if such imports: (1) are subject to any countervailing or antidumping duty; or (2) during the preceding 12 months were subjected to a final order, suspension agreement, or quantitative restraint resulting from such an investigation. Requires persons making submissions to the administering authority or the ITC in antidumping or countervailing duty proceedings to certify that such submissions are accurate and complete to the best of that person's knowledge. Provides that the administering authority and the ITC shall require that business information for which proprietary treatment is requested in an antidumping or countervailing duty investigation be accompanied by a statement that such information is of a type that should not be released under an administrative protective order. Requires the administering authority to establish procedures for the correction of ministerial errors in final determinations made with respect to antidumping and countervailing duty investigations. Prohibits antidumping and countervailing duties from being treated as regular customs duties for drawback purposes. Subjects merchandise imported by, or for the use of, a U.S. agency to the imposition of countervailing or antidumping duties. Sets forth specified exceptions. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to undertake a study regarding the new market orientation of the People's Republic of China. Part 3: Protection of Intellectual Property Rights - Amends the Tariff Act of of 1930 to make unlawful (and therefore subject to remedies for unfair trade practices) the importation or sale within the United States, if a related industry exists in the United States or is being established, of articles that: (1) infringe a U.S. patent or copyright or are produced by a process covered by a U.S. patent; or (2) infringe a trademark. Makes it unlawful to import a semiconductor chip product in a manner that constitutes infringement of a registered mask work. Sets forth the manner of determining whether a U.S. industry exists. Authorizes the ITC to terminate an investigation into unfair practices in the import trade by issuing a consent order or on the basis of a settlement agreement. Authorizes a complainant to petition the ITC to issue an order for the exclusion of certain articles during an investigation into unfair practices in the import trade. Sets forth the timetable for action by the ITC. Authorizes the ITC to grant preliminary relief with respect to violations involving intellectual property. Provides that the ITC may issue cease and desist orders in addition to or in lieu of exclusionary orders. Increases the penalty for violations of such orders. Requires the ITC to presume the facts alleged in the complaint are true and to issue, upon request, an exclusion from entry or a cease and desist order or both under certain circumstances. Authorizes the ITC to prescribe sanctions for abuse of discovery and abuse of process. Authorizes the ITC to order the forfeiture of an article imported in violation of the import trade unfair practices section if: (1) the importer had previously attempted to import the article; (2) the article was previously denied entry into the United States; and (3) upon such previous denial of entry the Secretary of the Treasury had provided the importer with a specified written notice. Provides that a person who has been previously found to be in violation of the provisions relating to unfair import practices may petition the ITC for a finding that such person is no longer in violation of such provisions or for a modification or rescission of an exclusion. Excludes intellectual property imported by or for the United States from certain exclusion orders. Provides for the protection of the confidentiality of information submitted to the ITC or exchanged among the parties in cases involving unfair import practices. Part 4: Telecommunications Trade - Telecommunications Trade Act of 1988 - Directs the USTR to conduct an investigation to identify priority foreign countries that maintain barriers to U.S. telecommunications products. Requires the USTR within 30 days after such investigation is completed to report on it to the President and appropriate congressional committees. Directs the President to negotiate with such countries for the purpose of entering into an agreement which meets specific negotiating objectives. Sets forth such objectives. Directs the President, if unable to enter into such an agreement, to take whatever actions are necessary to achieve such objectives. Directs the President to take those actions which most directly affect trade in telecommunications products and services with the country concerned, unless it is determined that actions against other economic sectors would be more effective in achieving the negotiating objectives. Sets forth the actions the President may take in such circumstances. Requires the USTR to review annually the effectiveness of: (1) each trade agreement negotiated by the President; and (2) every other trade agreement regarding telecommunications products or services that is in force with respect to the United States. Requires the USTR, with respect to such review, to determine whether a foreign country that has entered into an agreement: (1) is not in compliance with such agreement; or (2) denies to telecommunications products and services of U.S. firms mutually advantageous market opportunities in that country. Authorizes the President to enter into trade agreements with a foreign country to grant concessions as compensation in order to maintain the general level of reciprocal and mutually advantageous concessions if: (1) the President has taken action because no trade agreement could be reached under this Act; and (2) such action is found to be inconsistent with U.S. international obligations, including the GATT. Requires the President to seek advice from a specified interagency trade organization before taking any any action against a foreign country under this Act. Directs the USTR to keep the Congress informed of: (1) the negotiating priorities and objectives for each country involved; (2) the assessment of negotiating prospects; and (3) any U.S. concessions which might be included in negotiations to achieve such objectives. Authorizes the importation of a product that is subject to registration or approval by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) only if: (1) such product conforms with all applicable FCC regulations; and (2) the information which is required on a specified FCC form is provided to the appropriate customs officer at the time of entry into the United States. Directs the FCC, the Secretary of Commerce, and the USTR to provide enforcement assistance to the Secretary of the Treasury upon request. Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to provide the Congress with information on such imports. Directs the Secretary of Commerce to study the competitiveness of the U.S. telecommunications industry and the effects of foreign telecommunications policies on it in order to assist the Congress and the President in determining what actions might be necessary to preserve such competitiveness. Subtitle D: Adjustment to Import Competition - Part 1: Positive Adjustment by Industries Injured by Imports - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to require the President to take appropriate action to help an affected industry make a positive adjustment to import competition if the ITC determines that an article is being imported in such increased quantities as to be a substantial cause (or threat) of serious injury to such industry, which produces an article like or directly competitive with the imported article. Authorizes an entity, including a trade association, firm, union, or group of workers, to file a petition with the ITC requesting action to facilitate positive adjustment to such import competition. Permits a petitioner to submit to the ITC and the USTR a plan to facilitate positive adjustment to such competition. Requires the ITC (upon the filing of a petition, the request of the President or the USTR, the resolution of either the House Committee on Ways and Means or the Senate Committee on Finance, or on its own motion) to investigate whether an article is being imported in such increased quantities as to be a substantial cause (or threat) of serious injury to such industry. Sets forth factors the ITC shall take into account when making such determinations. Authorizes an entity which represents an industry that produces a perishable agricultural product which is like or directly competitive with an imported perishable agricultural product to file a request with the USTR for the monitoring of such imported product. Requires the USTR, within 21 days of such request, to determine if: (1) such import is a perishable agricultural product; and (2) there is a reasonable indication that such product is being imported in such increased quantities as to be, or likely to be, a substantial cause (or threat) of serious injury to an industry. Requires the President, if he considers provisional relief to be warranted, to proclaim any relief necessary to prevent or remedy such injury or threat. Requires the ITC, with respect to affirmative determinations of import injury, to make recommendations about such injury to a domestic industry. Requires the ITC to submit to the President a report on each import injury investigation. Requires the ITC, with respect to such affirmative determinations, to notify the Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of Commerce. Requires such Secretaries to give expedited consideration to petitions by workers for certification of eligibility for trade adjustment assistance. Requires the President, after receiving an affirmative finding of serious injury to a domestic industry, to take appropriate action to facilitate industry efforts to make a positive adjustment to import competition. Directs the President to transmit to the Congress a document describing such actions. Authorizes the President to negotiate orderly marketing agreements with foreign countries if he takes action other than the implementation of such agreements. Sets forth provisions relating to the monitoring, modification, and termination of action implemented under this Act. Part 2: Market Disruption - Declares that affirmative determinations of the ITC with respect to market disruption due to imports from Communist countries must be treated as affirmative determinations requiring action for positive adjustment to import competition under this Act. Sets forth specified factors to be considered by the ITC when making determinations as to the existence of market disruption. Part 3: Trade Adjustment Assistance - Revises the eligibility requirements for trade adjustment assistance for workers and firms. Authorizes the eligibility certification for such assistance of: (1) firms (including those in the oil and gas industry) if increased imports of articles like or directly competitive with articles produced by such firms contribute to a worker's total or partial separation from employment, or threat thereof, and to a decline in sales or production; and (2) workers (including workers in the oil and gas industry) if there are increased imports of articles that are competitive with articles to which the workers or firms provide essential goods or services. Requires the Secretary of Labor to notify each worker who is covered by a certification for trade adjustment assistance. Requires a worker, in order to receive cash assistance, to: (1) be enrolled in a training program approved by the Secretary of Labor; (2) have completed such a program; or (3) have received a written certification from the Secretary or the relevant State or State agency that it is not feasible or appropriate to approve a training program for such worker. Prohibits payment of such assistance to such worker if the worker has failed to begin, or has ceased to participate in, such training program and there is no justifiable cause for such failure or cessation, or the certification for such assistance is revoked, until the worker begins or resumes participation in such training program. Requires the Secretary of Labor (Secretary) to report annually to specified congressional committees on the number of workers who received certifications of job training and the number of such certifications revoked during the preceding year. Directs the Secretary to establish for FY 1989 and 1990 one or more supplemental wage allowance demonstration projects. Limits such allowances to no more than 52 weeks. Requires the Secretary to transmit to the Congress a report regarding such demonstration projects. Requires that if the Secretary approves training for adversely affected workers, the training must be reasonably available. Provides that such training may be paid for directly or through a voucher system. Includes as an approved training program for adversely affected workers: (1) any remedial education program; and (2) any training program for which all, or any portion, of the costs of training the worker are paid under any Federal or State program or from any other source other than from this Act. Limits the total amount of payments for each adversely affected worker to $120,000 for any fiscal year. Requires agreements entered into with States for the provision of training program services for adversely affected workers to include the coordination of the administration of employment services, training, and supplemental job assistance for such workers. Requires each cooperating State agency (agency which provides trade adjustment assistance services) to advise adversely affected workers of training opportunities as soon as practicable. (Current law requires the agency to provide such advice within 60 days of receiving an application for training.) Revises the period of time that trade readjustment allowances can be paid to an adversely affected worker. Terminates on September 30, 1993, trade adjustment assistance programs for workers, technical assistance for firms, and the imposition of import fees to fund such programs. Authorizes appropriations for trade adjustment assistance for workers and for firms through FY 1993. (Current law authorizes such appropriations through FY 1991.) Establishes within the Treasury a Trade Adjustment Assistance Trust Fund. Provides for funding the Trust Fund. Requires the amounts in the Trust Fund to be used to: (1) pay drawbacks and refunds of the duty imposed on all imports under the Trade Act of 1974; (2) carry out trade adjustment assistance for workers and firms; and (3) repay advances made to the Trust Fund from appropriations. Prohibits the use of the amounts in the Trust Fund to pay certain loans guaranteed under programs for trade adjustment assistance for firms. Limits the amount for payment of trade adjustment assistance for workers and firms to available funds in the Trust Fund. Authorizes appropriations to the Trust Fund for payment of such assistance. Directs the President to undertake negotiations to change the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) to allow countries to impose a small uniform fee on all imports in order to use the revenue from such duty to fund trade adjustment assistance programs. Directs the President to report to the Congress in 1989 and 1990 on the progress of such negotiations. Directs the President to report to the Congress as soon as the GATT allows the imposition of such a fee. Imposes an additional fee on all imports into the United States, including those imports granted duty-free treatment, with specified exceptions. Directs the Secretary of Labor to conduct a study of the methods that could be used to expedite the certification of workers and firms for trade adjustment assistance. Subtitle E: National Security - Amends the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 to require the Secretary of Commerce (Secretary) to initiate an investigation to determine the effects of imports on U.S. national security upon the request of the head of a Federal agency, application of an interested party, or upon the Secretary's motion. Requires the Secretary of Defense to provide the Secretary with an assessment of the defense requirements of any imported article that is the subject of such an investigation. Requires the Secretary to submit to the President a report on the findings of such investigation with respect to the effect of the importation of such article an national security. Requires the President, within 90 days after receiving a report from the Secretary finding that an article is being imported in such quantities or circumstances as to threaten to impair national security, to: (1) determine whether he concurs with the Secretary's finding; and (2) if he concurs, determine the nature and duration of the action he must take to eliminate such threat to national security. Requires the President, within 30 days of determining what action to take, to submit to the Congress a written statement of the reasons why he has decided to take action or has refused to take action. Repeals a provision of the Trade Act of 1974 relating to presidential reports to the Congress about actions taken with respect to imports that threaten to impair national security. Sets forth provisions relating to the enforcement of machine tool import arrangements. Subtitle F: Trade Agencies; Advice, Consultation, and Reporting Regarding Trade Matters - Part 1: Functions and Organization of Trade Agencies - Subpart A: Office of the United States Trade Representative - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to revise the duties of the United States Trade Representative (USTR). Requires the USTR to: (1) coordinate the application of Federal interagency resources to specific unfair trade practice cases; (2) identify each act, policy, or practice that may be inconsistent with a trade agreement or has an adverse impact on U.S. commerce or on domestic firms or industries; (3) identify practices that have an adverse impact on U.S. commerce which the attainment of U.S. negotiating objectives would eliminate; and (4) identify, on a biennial basis, those U.S. policies and practices which if engaged in by foreign countries, might constitute unfair trade practices under U.S. law. Subpart B: United States International Trade Commission - Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to make the International Trade Commission (ITC) an independent Federal agency. Prohibits the ITC from releasing confidential business information with respect to investigations concerning the effects of U.S. customs laws unless the party submitting such information has notice that such information would be released by the ITC, or such party subsequently consents to such release. Requires the Trade Remedy Assistance Office of the ITC to provide technical and legal assistance and advice (currently only technical advice) to eligible small businesses with respect to petitions for trade remedies and benefits under U.S. trade laws. Subpart C: Interagency Trade Organization - Amends the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 to revise provisions relating to the functions and composition of the interagency trade organization. Expresses the sense of the Congress that such organization should be the principal interagency forum within the executive branch on international trade policy matters. Part 2: Advice and Consultation Regarding Trade Policy, Negotiations, and Agreements - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to revise provisions relating to private sector and non-Federal information and advice given to the President with respect to the negotiation of trade agreements. Requires the President to establish an Advisory Committee for Trade Policy and Negotiations (currently the Advisory Committee for Trade Negotiations) to provide overall policy with respect to the negotiation of such trade agreements. Revises provisions relating to the selection of congressional advisors on trade policy and negotiations. Part 3: Annual Reports and National Trade Policy Agenda - Requires the President to submit to the Congress an annual report on the national trade policy agenda for the United States. Subtitle G - Tariff Provisions - Part 1: Amendments to the Tariff Schedules of the United States - Subpart A: Permanent Changes in Tariff Treatment - Amends the Tariff Schedules of the United States to create a new tariff classification to cover imports of certain woven fabrics of man-made fibers. Creates a new tariff classification for, and imposes a duty on, motor fuel blending stocks. Revises special marking requirements for watches and watch components. Excludes the dials of watches and clocks from such requirements. Permits such marking to be done by mold-marking. Deletes the requirement of including information on watch adjustments. Changes the definition of iron and steel slabs to include those exceeding six inches in thickness. Increases the duty on certain gloves by classifying work gloves made of a textile fabric coated with rubber or plastics as gloves of textile material rather than as gloves of rubber or plastics. Provides permanent, duty-free treatment for hatters' fur. Excludes extracorporeal shock wave lithotripters with respect to the duty treatment of electro-surgical apparatus. Reduces the duty on salted and dried plums. Amends the definition of "complete" as used to describe television receivers to mean a television receiver fully assembled in its cabinet (currently, assembled). Provides that picture tubes imported in combination with, or incorporated into, other articles are to be classified in specified tariff schedules, unless they are: (1) incorporated into complete television receivers; (2) incorporated into fully assembled units; (3) put up in kits containing all the parts necessary for assembly into complete television receivers; or (4) put up in kits containing all the parts necessary for assembly into fully assembled units. Provides for duty-free treatment of color television picture tubes of a specified sizes through December 31, 1990, and September 30, 1988. Reclassifies and imposes a duty on casein, caseinates, and dried milk for human food and animal feed use. Defines plywood and wood veneer panels to include an edge which has been tongued, grooved, lapped, or otherwise worked. Excludes plywood, wood veneer panels, or cellular panels from building boards. Provides a duty on fresh and concentrated grapefruit juice. Provides that the term "synthetic plastics materials" includes silicones whether or not such materials are solid in the finished articles. Places a duty on silicone resins and materials. Provides that the term "rubber" does not include silicones. Subpart B: Temporary Changes in Tariff Treatment - Suspends through December 31, 1990, the tariff on: (1) color couplers and coupler intermediates; (2) specified chemicals; (3) carding and spinning machines specially designed for wool; (4) silk yarn; (5) parts of indirect process electrostatic copying machines; (6) certain plastic sheeting; (7) doll wig yarns; (8) jacquard cards and jacquard heads; (9) tungsten ore; (10) certain stuffed toy figures; (11) kitchenware of transparent, nonglazed glass ceramics; (12) needles for knitting machines; and (13) certain hosiery knitting machines. Suspends through October 31, 1992, the tariff on: (1) certain knitwear fabricated in Guam; and (2) specified chemicals. Suspends through December 31, 1987, the tariff on extracorporeal shock wave lithotripters imported by nonprofit institutions. Provides for a temporary reduction of duties on glass inners for vacuum vessels. Suspends through December 31, 1990, the tariff on: (1) certain offset printing presses; (2) certain bicycle parts; (3) frozen cranberries; (4) specified chemicals; and (5) power-driven weaving machines for fabrics more than 16 feet in width. Extends through December 31, 1990, the suspension of duties on: (1) cantaloupes; (2) certain wools; (3) needlecraft display models; (4) specified chemicals; (5) certain clock radios; (6) machines designed for heat-set, and stretch texturing of continuous man-made fibers; (7) mixtures of mashed or macerated hot red peppers and salt; (8) certain small toys; (9) stuffed dolls, certain toy figures, and skins thereof; (10) umbrella frames; (11) crude feathers and down; (12) menthol feedstocks; (13) natural graphite; (14) narrow weaving machines; (15) certain lace-braiding machines; (16) certain hovercraft skirts; (17) surgical gowns; and (18) nicotine resins. Subpart C: Effective Dates - Sets forth effective dates for amendments made by this part. Part 2: Miscellaneous Provisions - Allows specified articles to be imported duty free for use in construction of the telescope for the W.M. Keck Observatory Project in Mauna Kea, Hawaii. Provides for the reliquidation, without liability of the importer of record for antidumping duties, of specified entries. Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to reliquidate, as duty-free, four specified entries covering tubular tin products, if a certificate of actual use for the products is submitted to the U.S. Customs Service at the port of entry after September 30, 1988, and before April 1, 1989. Provides that the entry for consumption in October 1986 of any extracorporeal shock wave lithotripter exclusively for use in Hawaii shall be free of duty. Requires an appropriate refund after September 30, 1988. Provides that the entry of certain transistors between March 1, 1985, and November 6, 1986, will be liquidated or reliquidated as if the entry had occurred on November 6, 1986, if a proper request is filed after September 30, 1988, and before April 1, 1989. Subtitle H: Miscellaneous Customs, Trade, and Other Provisions - Part 1: Customs Provisions - Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to require customs officers who seize imported pornography to transmit information about it to the United States Attorney of the district of either: (1) the office at which the seizure took place; or (2) the place to which the book or other matter is addressed. Requires the United States Attorney to institute proceedings for the forfeiture, confiscation, and destruction of the book or matter seized. Increases the period for instituting judicial proceedings for the forfeiture of seized pornography imports to 30 days (from 14 days). Requires an allowance to be made for all detectable moisture and impurities found in imported crude oil or petroleum products when ascertaining tare on such imports. Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to allow the President to designate for duty free treatment watches entered after June 30, 1989, which the President specifically determines will not cause material injury to watch or watch band, strap, or bracelet manufacturing and assembly operations in the United States or the U.S. insular possessions. Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to require the Secretary of the Treasury to publish guidelines establishing standards for setting the terms and conditions for cancellation of bonds or charges. Amends the Trade and Tariff Act of 1984 to specify that the Pontiac/Oakland, Michigan, airport will become a reimbursable customs port. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should express U.S. opposition to the Soviet Union's slave labor practices, including refusing to permit the importation of products made by such labor. Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to increase the penalties for any person who violates country-of-origin marking requirements under such Act. Requires containers of imported preserved mushrooms to indicate in English the country in which they were grown. Provides that Native-American style jewelry and Native-American style arts and crafts will be considered to be in compliance with the Tariff Act of 1930 only if the English name of the country of origin is indelibly marked in a conspicuous place. Allows a duty-free sales enterprise to be located anywhere within: (1) the port of entry from which purchasers of duty-free merchandise depart the customs territory; and (2) 25 statute miles from the exit point where purchasers of duty-free merchandise depart the customs territory. Requires each duty-free enterprise to: (1) establish procedures for reasonable assurance that duty-free merchandise will be exported; (2) enforce guidelines that the merchandise sold will be for personal use if the enterprise is in an airport; (3) display notices stating that duty-free merchandise has not been subject to any Federal duty or tax, must be declared and is subject to Federal duty and tax if brought back to the customs territory, and is subject to the customs laws and regulation of any foreign country to which it is taken; (4) place the merchandise in a duty-free sales enterprise before it is unpacked into saleable units; and (5) deliver duty-free merchandise to the purchaser in an airport, at the exit point of a specific departing flight, within the aircraft on which the purchaser will depart, or by any other reasonable method if the duty-free enterprise is an airport store or to a location beyond the exit point or any location approved by the Secretary before the passage of this Act if the enterprise is a border store. Prohibits the transfer of merchandise for a duty-free enterprise to or through such a facility unless the operator demonstrates to the Secretary of the Treasury that he has obtained any concession or approval required by State or local authorities. Allows the sale of merchandise other than duty-free merchandise, providing it has not been stored in a bonded warehouse facility other than a bonded facility used for retail sales. Removes the exemption from duty if merchandise bought at a duty-free sales enterprise is brought back to the customs territory. Requires the Secretary to establish by regulation a separate class of bonded warehouses for duty-free sales enterprises. Amends the Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act to authorize the President to withdraw, suspend, or limit duty-free treatment of articles imported from a beneficiary country if he determines that changed circumstances would bar such country from being designated a beneficiary country under such Act. Amends the Tax Reform Act of 1986 to extend through 1989 duty-free treatment of ethyl alcohol and mixtures thereof from Caribbean countries. Requires the USTR to request relevant agencies to prepare recommendations for improving the enforcement of import restrictions on articles from Cuba. Part 2: Miscellaneous Trade Provisions - Requires the Director of the Census to conduct a study to determine the feasibility of developing an index: (1) that measures the real volume of merchandise trade monthly; and (2) that would be reported simultaneously with the U.S. balance of trade. Requires U.S. trade statistics to be adjusted for inflation or deflation. Expresses the sense of the Congress with respect to U.S. exports of coal to Japan. Declares that the Congress supports U.S. negotiators in efforts to expand opportunities for U.S. automotive parts producers to supply original and replacement parts for Japanese automobiles. Requires the USTR and the Secretary of Commerce to report to the Congress at the conclusion of the MOSS talks with respect to purchases by Japanese firms of U.S. automotive parts. Directs the Secretary of Commerce, after receiving certain study results from the Secretary of Energy, to report recommendations to the President and the Congress for actions to address any impact of imports of crude oil and petroleum products on domestic crude oil exploration and production and the domestic petroleum refining capacity. Directs the USTR to conduct a study of trade barriers erected by auto producing countries against automobile imports and the impact of such barriers on the diversion of automobile imports into the United States. Directs the ITC to monitor and investigate for a two-year period the importation of fresh, chilled, and frozen lamb meat. Part 3: Other Provisions - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to repeal the windfall profit tax on crude oil. Title II: Export Enhancement - Export Enhancement Act of 1988 - Subtitle A: Trade and Foreign Policy - Part 1: Relations with Certain Countries - Urges the President, within the context of the Bilateral Framework Agreement on Trade and Investment, to continue to pursue consultations with Mexican representatives with respect to implementation of such Agreement and the expansion of trade and investment. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should persuade all countries to desist from further transfers of offensive weaponry to belligerent countries in the Persian Gulf region. Part 2: Fair Trade in Auto Parts - Fair Trade in Auto Parts Act of 1988 - Requires the Secretary of Commerce to establish an initiative to increase the sale of U.S.-made auto parts to Japanese markets. Sets forth specified actions the Secretary should take to achieve such increase in sales. Directs the Secretary to establish a Special Advisory Committee. Sets forth the functions of the Committee, including to: (1) report to the Secretary on Japanese barriers to sales of U.S. auto parts in Japanese markets; (2) advise the Secretary during consultation with Japan on issues concerning such sales; and (3) report to the Congress on the progress of such U.S. sales to Japan. Subtitle B: Export Enhancement - Part 1: General Provisions - Requires the American Institute of Taiwan to employ personnel to perform duties similar to those performed by U.S. and Foreign Commercial Service personnel. Requires the Secretary of State to prepare and transmit to the House Committees on Foreign Affairs and on Ways and Means and the Senate Committees on Foreign Relations and on Finance, and to other appropriate committees a report regarding the economic policy and trade practices of each country with which the United States has a trade relationship. Declares that the Congress reaffirms its support for the Overseas Private Investment Corporation and urges such Corporation to increase its loan guaranty and direct investment programs. Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to increase from $750,000,000 to $1,000,000,000 the maximum contingent liability of the Corporation for guarantees under the facultative reinsurance program. Authorizes the Corporation to make loans for direct investment in foreign corporations of not less $25,000,000 in each fiscal year. Declares that the Congress reaffirms its support for the Trade and Development Program. Authorizes the use of development program funds by the President for planning, development, management, and procurement for both bilateral and multilateral projects (including training activities) in order to promote the use of U.S. exports in such projects. Establishes the Trade and Development Program as a separate agency of the International Development Cooperation Agency. Provides for the appointment of the Director of the Trade and Development Program. Requires the Director to establish an advisory board. Authorizes appropriations. Amends the Trade and Development Enhancement Act of 1983 to transfer functions of the Agency for International Development relating to the tied aid credit program to the Trade and Development Program. Directs the President to establish an interagency group on countertrade to review and evaluate: (1) U.S. policy on countertrade and offsets; (2) the use of countertrade and offsets in U.S. exports and bilateral U.S. foreign economic assistance programs; and (3) the need for negotiating with other countries to reach agreements on the use of such countertrade and offsets. Establishes the Office of Barter within the International Trade Administration of the Department of Commerce to: (1) monitor information relating to trends in international barter; (2) disseminate such information to business firms and other interested persons; and (3) provide assistance to enterprises seeking barter ad countertrade opportunities. Sets forth provisions relating to the protection of intellectual property. Requires the Secretary of State to conduct a study concerning the utility of specified reports regarding the status of internationally recognized worker rights in foreign countries. Expresses the sense of the Congress with respect to the Japanese importation of goods from less developed countries. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the United States should encourage Japan to end its boycott of trade with Israel. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the United States should become a party to the Convention on the Control and Marking of Articles of Precious Metals in order that the U.S. jewelry industry may penetrate foreign markets. Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to authorize the issuance of loan guarantees for the development of private enterprises, including cooperatives in developing countries. Part 2: Assistance to Poland - American Aid to Poland Act of 1988 - Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 for purposes of implementing the 1987 United States-Polish science and technology agreement. Authorizes the donation of surplus agricultural commodities to Poland. Authorizes the use of nonconvertible Polish currencies held by the United States for eligible projects approved by a U.S.-Polish Joint Commission. Sets forth such eligible projects. Establishes a U.S.-Polish Joint Commission to approve such projects. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 and 1989 for providing medical supplies and hospital equipment to Poland through private and voluntary organizations. Subtitle C: Export Promotion - Requires the Secretary of Commerce to establish the United States and Foreign Commercial Service within the International Trade Administration. Directs the Commercial Service to place emphasis on the promotion of U.S. exports of goods and services, particularly by small and medium-sized businesses and on the protection of U.S. businesses abroad. Provides for the appointment of a procurement officer to serve with the Executive Directors of multilateral development banks. Authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to establish a Market Development Cooperator Program within the International Trade Administration to develop, maintain, and expand foreign markets for U.S. nonagricultural goods and services. Directs the Secretary to establish a partnership program with cooperators as part of the Market Development Cooperator Program. Requires the Secretary to provide assistance for trade shows involving U.S. businesses seeking to export goods or services to foreign countries (including small businesses new to exporting). Amends the Export Administration Amendments Act of 1985 to authorize appropriations for such export promotion programs for FY 1988 through 1990. Sets forth provisions relating to the Commercial Service's promotion of U.S. goods and services to Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. Authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to provide grants to entities for the development of foreign markets for American Indian arts and crafts. Amends the Export Administration Amendments Act of 1985 to authorize the Secretary of Commerce to provide for the printing and distribution outside of the United States of documents related to any export promotion program. Amends the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 to include the construction of low- and medium-income housing and shelter within the definitions of "private sector development activity" and "private enterprise investment." Amends the Export Trading Company Act of 1982 to require the Office of Export Trade to establish a program to assist the operation of other export intermediaries, including existing and newly formed export management companies. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to submit a report to specified congressional committees on the activities of the Department of Commerce to promote the formation of new and the operation of existing and new export promotion intermediaries, including export management companies, export trade associations, bank export trading companies, and export trading companies. Subtitle D: Export Controls - Part 1: Export Controls Generally - Amends the Export Administration Act of 1979 to prohibit any fee charge in connection with the submission or processing of an export license application. Authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to issue distribution licenses for consignees in the People's Republic of China. Excludes China from the definition of "controlled country" for purposes of such Act. Sets forth provisions with respect to: (1) the reexport of goods and technology to countries which maintain comparable export controls on such goods and technology; (2) export of goods and technology to non-controlled countries; (3) export control lists, including the review of such lists; (4) trade shows; (5) foreign availability of goods and technology to controlled and non-controlled countries; (6) the review of the performance levels of goods and technology; (7) the control of microprocessors containing controlled parts or components; (8) foreign policy controls; (9) the review of restrictions on exports of crude oil (from Alaska or the rest of the United States); (10) the review of export license applications by the Secretary of Defense; (11) violations of the export control laws; (12) the enforcement of such laws; and (13) the judicial review of orders denying the issuance of export licenses. Authorizes appropriations to the Department of Commerce for FY 1989. Terminates the Export Administration Act of 1979 on September 30, 1990. Directs the Secretary of Commerce to monitor for a two-year period, beginning on the enactment of the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988, exports of processed and unprocessed wood to all countries of the Pacific Rim (Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan). Directs the Secretary of Commerce and Defense to conduct a study on U.S. national security export controls. Part 2: Multilateral Export Control Enhancement - Multilateral Export Control Enhancement Amendments Act - Requires the President to impose, for a three-year period, a prohibition on: (1) any U.S. Government contracting with, or procurement of products and services from, the Toshiba Machine Company, the Kongsberg Trading Company, or any other foreign persons who help divert advanced milling machinery to the Soviet Union; and (2) the importation of products produced by such companies or foreign persons. Requires a similar three-year ban on contracts with or procurement from the Toshiba Corporation and Kongsberg Vaapenfabrikk by any U.S. agency. Sets forth specified exceptions. Sets forth provisions relating to: (1) multilateral export control violations; and (2) improvement of multilateral cooperation with respect to export controls. Amends the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 to repeal specified provisions of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1988 with respect to the prohibition on the use of funds to purchase goods or services from the Toshiba Corporation or Kongsberg Vaapenfabrikk. Subtitle E: Miscellaneous Provisions - Amends the Trading with the Enemy Act to set forth provisions relating to the termination of the Office of Alien Property as it relates to World War II war claims. Limits the authority of the President to regulate or prohibit the importation or exportation of publications, films, posters, phonograph records, photographs, microfilms, microfiche, tapes, or other informational materials which are not otherwise controlled for export under the Export Administration Act of 1979. Amends the International Emergency Economic Powers Act to set forth similar limitations. Title III: International Financial Policy - Subtitle A: Exchange Rates and International Economic Policy Coordination - Exchange Rates and International Economic Policy Coordination Act of 1988 - Declares it to be U.S. policy that: (1) the United States and other major industrialized countries should take steps to continue the process of coordinating monetary, fiscal, and structural policies initiated in the Plaza Agreement of September 1985; (2) the goal of the United States in international economic negotiations should be to achieve macroeconomic policies and exchange rates consistent with more sustainable balances in trade and capital flows and to foster price stability in conjunction with economic growth; (3) the United States, in coordination with other major industrialized countries, should participate in international currency markets with the objective of producing more orderly adjustment of foreign exchange markets and assisting adjustment toward a more sustainable balance in current accounts; and (4) the accountability of the President for the impact of economic policies and exchange rates on trade competitiveness should be increased. Requires the President to negotiate with other countries to: (1) achieve better coordination of macroeconomic policies of the major industrialized nations, including more sustainable levels of trade and current account balances, and exchange rates of the dollar and other currencies consistent with such balances; and (2) develop a program for improving existing mechanisms for coordination and improving the functioning of the exchange rate system to provide for long-term exchange rate stability consistent with more sustainable current account balances. Directs the Secretary of the Treasury annually to analyze the exchange rate policies of foreign countries and to consider whether countries manipulate the rate of exchange between their currencies and the U.S. dollar for purposes of preventing effective balance of payments adjustments or of gaining unfair competitive advantage in international trade. Requires the Secretary, if he considers that such manipulation is occurring with respect to countries with material global current account surpluses and significant bilateral trade surpluses with the United States, to initiate negotiations with such countries in the International Monetary Fund or bilaterally to ensure that they regularly adjust the exchange rates between their currencies and the U.S. dollar. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to submit to specified congressional committees a report regarding international economic policy, including exchange rate policy. Sets forth the contents of of such report. Amends the Federal Reserve Act to include, in a specified annual report of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to the Congress, an analysis of the impact of the U.S. dollar's exchange rate on the U.S. economy. Subtitle B: International Debt - Part 1: Findings, Purposes, and Statement of Policy - International Debt Management Act of 1988 - Sets forth congressional findings concerning international debt issues and sets forth the purposes and policy of this title. Part 2: The International Debt Management Authority - Requires the Secretary of the Treasury (Secretary) to study the feasibility and advisability of establishing the International Debt Management Authority which would undertake to: (1) purchase sovereign debt of less developed countries from private creditors at an appropriate discount; (2) enter into negotiations with debtor countries for the purpose of restructuring debt; and (3) assist the creditor banks in the voluntary disposition of their Third World loan portfolio. Lists specific proposals which the Secretary should include in such discussions. Requires the Secretary to report to the Congress on a regular basis on the progress being made on such study and in such discussions. Prohibits the use of any funds, appropriations, contributions, financial guarantee, or any other financial support or obligation of the United States for the creation, operation, or support of the Authority without the express approval of the Congress through subsequent law. Requires the U.S. Executive Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the U.S. Executive Director of the World Bank to request the management of the IMF and of the World Bank, respectively, to prepare an analysis of the debt burden of the developing countries. Part 3: Regulatory Provisions Affecting International Debt - Expresses the sense of the Congress that regulations prescribed by Federal banking regulatory agencies which affect the international assets of the U.S. commercial banks should grant the widest latitude to the banks for negotiating principal and interest reductions with respect to obligations of heavily indebted countries. Sets forth provisions concerning such debtor countries with regard to: (1) debt restructuring; (2) recapitalization; (3) depository reserves for loan losses; and (4) data on foreign loan risks. Requires the Comptroller of the Currency, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to conduct a study to determine the extent of any regulatory obstacle to negotiated reductions in the debt service obligations associated with a foreign debt. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to conduct a study of the feasibility and the efficacy of reducing the international debt of the poorest of the heavily indebted countries through a one-time allocation by the IMF of limited purpose Special Drawing Rights to such countries. Subtitle C: Multilateral Development Banks - Multilateral Development Banks Procurement Act of 1988 - Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to instruct the U.S. Executive Director of each multilateral development bank to give high priority to promoting opportunities for the export of U.S. goods and services and, in carrying out this function, to investigate complaints from U.S. bidders about the award of procurement contracts by such banks. Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to designate an officer of multilateral development bank procurement within the Office of International Affairs in the Department of the Treasury. Subtitle D: Export-Import Bank and Tied Aid Credit Amendments - Export-Import Bank and Tied Aid Credit Amendments of 1988 - Amends the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 to authorize appropriations for the Tied Aid Credit Fund for FY 1989. Requires the President and Chairman of the Export-Import Bank, on or before December 31, 1988, to submit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate a report identifying and analyzing the tied aid credit practices of other countries and to make recommendations for dealing with such practices. Requires the President and such chairman, within 90 days after enactment of this Act, to submit to the House Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs and the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs a report which contains: (1) an assessment of the effectiveness of recent program changes in increasing U.S. exports to developing countries; and (2) an identification of additional specific policy changes which would enable the Export-Import Bank to increase the financing of U.S. exports to developing countries and would encourage greater private sector participation in such financing efforts. Provides that, for purposes of determining "substantial injury" with respect to certain Export-Import Bank determinations, the extension of credit or guarantee by the Bank will cause substantial injury if the amount of the capacity for production established, or the amount of the increase in such capacity expanded, by such credit or guarantee equals or exceeds one percent of U.S. production. Subtitle E: Export Trading Company Act Amendments - Export Trading Company Act Amendments of 1988 - Amends the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 to set forth provisions with respect to the determination of whether a company is operating as an export trading company. Prohibits the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System from disapproving a proposed investment solely because of the proposed assets-to-equity ratio of an export trading company unless such ratio is greater than 20-to-one. Prohibits the Board from imposing a dollar limit on the amount of goods an export trading company may maintain in inventory, except under specified circumstances (such as such action being found necessary to prevent unduly burdensome risks being borne by the investor bank holding company). Subtitle F: Primary Dealers - Primary Dealers Act of 1988 - Prohibits the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York from designating any person of a foreign country as a primary dealer in government debt instruments if that foreign country does not accord to United States companies the same competitive opportunities in the underwriting and distribution of government debt instruments issued by that country as it accords to domestic companies. Allows an exception to such prohibition for countries having or negotiating bilateral agreements with the United States. Subtitle G: Financial Reports - Financial Reports Act of 1988 - Requires the Secretary of the Treasury, in conjunction with the Secretary of State, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Securities and Exchange Commission, and the Department of Commerce, to report to the Congress on: (1) the foreign countries from which foreign financial services institutions have entered into the business of providing financial services in the United States; (2) the kinds of financial services being offered; (3) the extent to which such countries deny national treatment to U.S. banking organizations and securities companies; and (4) the efforts undertaken by the United States to eliminate such discrimination. Requires the President (when advantageous) to conduct discussions with the governments of countries that are major financial centers, aimed at: (1) ensuring that U.S. banking organizations and securities companies have access to foreign markets and receive national treatment in those markets; (2) reducing or eliminating barriers to, and other distortions of, international trade in financial services; (3) achieving reasonable comparability in the types of financial services permissible for financial service companies; and (4) developing uniform supervisory standards for banking organizations and securities companies, including uniform capital standards. Requires consultation with the Congress prior to entering into such discussions and requires the President to transmit to the Congress any recommendations that have emerged from those discussions. Requires the Federal Reserve Board to submit a report to the Congress on the issues raised by including loan loss reserves as part of banks' primary capital for regulatory purposes. Title IV: Agricultural Trade - Agricultural Competitiveness and Trade Act of 1988 - Subtitle A: Findings, Policies, and Purpose - Expresses the findings of the Congress regarding: (1) the decline in U.S. agricultural exports; (2) the resulting loss of jobs and economic threat to family farms and rural areas; and (3) the need for increased use of agricultural export programs, including food aid programs, and programs to strengthen the purchasing and distribution capacities of importing nations. States that it is the policy of the United States to: (1) provide agricultural commodities and products for export at competitive prices; (2) support the principal of free trade and the promotion of fair trade in such products; (3) support the negotiating objectives of this Act to eliminate or reduce constraints on open trade in such products; (4) use statutory authority to counter unfair foreign trade practices, including export promotion programs, and, if necessary, restrictions on U.S. imports of agricultural commodities and products in order to encourage fair and open trade; and (5) provide for increased representation of U.S. agricultural trade interests in the formulation of national fiscal and monetary policy affecting trade. Declares that it is the purpose of this title to: (1) increase the Department of Agriculture's effectiveness in agricultural trade policy formulation; and (2) improve the competitiveness of U.S. agricultural commodities and products in the world market. Subtitle B: Agricultural Trade Initiatives - Part 1: General Provisions - Requires the Secretary of Agriculture annually to prepare, and the President to submit with the budget for each fiscal year, a Long-Term Agricultural Trade Strategy Report establishing recommended levels of spending on international activities of the Department of Agriculture for one, five, and ten fiscal year periods. Sets forth the contents of such report. Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to provide technical services to the USTR with respect to international negotiations on agricultural trade. Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture, with respect to any country that has a positive trade balance with the United States, to develop a plan under which that country would purchase U.S. agricultural products for use in development activities in developing countries. Requires the Secretary of Agriculture to evaluate the reorganization proposal recommended by the National Commission on Agricultural Trade and Export Policy to improve management of international trade activities of the Department of Agriculture. Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to establish within the Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) an office to provide trade assistance and information to persons who are interested in exporting U.S. agricultural products or who believe they have been injured by unfair trade practices with respect to trade in such products. Part 2: Foreign Agricultural Service - Sets forth provisions concerning the FAS with respect to: (1) personnel levels; (2) agricultural attache educational programs; and (3) the foreign market development cooperator program. Authorizes appropriations for the FAS for FY 1988 through 1990. Subtitle C: Existing Agricultural Trade Programs - Requires the President, if a law has not been enacted before January 1, 1990, that implements a negotiated agreement under the Uruguay round of multilateral trade negotiations conducted under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), to: (1) report to specified congressional committees on the status of the GATT negotiations on agricultural trade; and (2) certify to the Congress whether or not progress has been made in such negotiations. Requires the President, if he does not certify that progress has been made before the marketing of the 1990 wheat crop, to instruct the Secretary of Agriculture to permit the producers to repay loans made under the Agricultural Act of 1949 for each of the 1990 crops of wheat, feed grains, and soybeans at a level that is the lesser of: (1) the loan level determined for such crop; or (2) the prevailing world market price for such crop. Sets forth provisions relating to the promotion of agricultural exports. Sets forth provisions relating to price support programs for sunflower seeds and cottonseed. Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to require the President to approve agreements for agricultural commodities distribution or sale by recipient countries on a multiyear basis if such agreements meet specified requirements. Sets forth provisions relating to: (1) export assistance for agricultural products; (2) the export credit guarantee program; (3) the agricultural export enhancement program; (4) dairy export incentive program; (5) the barter of agricultural products; (6) food assistance to foreign countries; and (7) food aid and market development. Subtitle D: Wood and Wood Products - Amends the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 to include wood and processed wood products as agricultural commodities under such Act. Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to include wood and wood products as agricultural commodities for short-term export credit purposes under such Act. Amends the Food for Peace Act of 1966 to include wood and wood products as agricultural commodities for intermediate-term credit purposes under such Act. Amends the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 to establish a cooperative national forest products marketing program to provide: (1) technical assistance to States, landowners, and small- or medium-sized forest products firms in order to improve foreign and domestic marketing; and (2) matching grants to States for State and regional forest products marketing. Authorizes FY 1988 through 1991 appropriations. Directs the Secretary to submit annual program reports to the Congress, with the final report due by September 30, 1990. Subtitle E: Studies and Reports - Requires the Secretary of Agriculture to conduct studies and/or reports on: (1) the Canadian Wheat Board's import licensing program; (2) the quantity of imported raw and processed agricultural products; (3) imported honey; (4) dairy import quotas; (5) intermediate export credit with respect to the enhancement of U.S. agricultural exports; (6) imported meat, poultry, eggs, and egg products; (7) circumvention of U.S. agricultural quotas; (8) imports of lamb meat; and (9) imported roses. Subtitle F: Miscellaneous Agricultural Provisions - Amends the Agricultural Adjustment Act to treat as other-source milk any milk produced by dairies owned by foreign persons and financed by or with the use of tax exempt bonds. Requires allocation of such milk as though it were received from producer-handlers for purposes of classifying it under the milk marketing program of such Act. Provides marketing order paid advertising for Florida-grown strawberries. Provides for an extension (not to exceed 35 days) of the time period for marketing orders. Amends the Federal Meat Inspection Act with respect to the inspection of meat by foreign countries that is imported into the United States. Expresses the sense of the Congress that land grant colleges should encourage the study and career objective of international marketing of agricultural products. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the USTR should enter into negotiations with the European Community concerning its use of duties, tariffs, and subsidies to limit the access to it of U.S. eggs and egg products. Expresses the sense of the Congress with respect to the opening of Republic of Korea markets to U.S. beef. Expresses the sense of the Congress with respect to U.S. access to Japanese agricultural markets. Subtitle G: Pesticide Monitoring Improvements - Pesticide Monitoring Improvements Act of 1988 - Sets forth provisions relating to the monitoring of imported and domestic food products for pesticide residues. Title V: Foreign Corrupt Practices Amendments; Investment; and Technology - Subtitle A: Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Amendments; Review of Certain Acquisitions - Part 1: Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Amendments - Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Amendments of 1988 - Amends the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to prohibit the imposition of criminal liability on securities issuers who fail to maintain an internal accounting controls system. Prohibits anyone from knowingly circumventing such accounting system for a purpose inconsistent with the accountability and accuracy goals of such system. Requires only good faith efforts at ensuring compliance by issuers who hold 50 percent or less of the voting power of domestic or foreign firms. Defines "reasonable assurances" and "reasonable detail." Amends the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 to revise the prohibition against domestic concerns using any means of interstate commerce to further payments to obtain business with a foreign official. Prohibits such payments that are made to: (1) influence a foreign official's act or induce such an official to violate a legal duty; or (2) induce a foreign official to affect a foreign government's act. Exempts from such prohibitions payments to foreign officials to expedite or to secure the performance of routine governmental action. Sets forth affirmative defenses for violations of this Act. Revises the fines and criminal penalties for violations of such Act. Prohibits domestic concerns from using interstate commerce to direct or authorize an agent to further such a payment to a foreign official. Empowers the Attorney General to undertake all civil investigations necessary to enforce this Act. Part 2: Review of Certain Mergers, Acquisitions, and Takeovers - Amends the Defense Production Act of 1950 to authorize the President to initiate an investigation to determine the effects on national security of mergers, acquisitions, and takeovers of U.S. corporations by foreign persons and persons engaged in U.S. interstate commerce. Authorizes the President to take action to restrict, suspend, or prohibit such merger, acquisition, or takeover if national security is threatened. Sets forth specified factors the President must consider in taking such action. Requires the President to report to the Congress. Subtitle B: Technology - Part 1: Technology Competitiveness - Technology Competitiveness Act - Subpart A: National Institute of Standards and Technology - Renames the National Bureau of Standards as the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Establishes the National Institute of Standards and Technology within the Department of Commerce. Declares that the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall enhance the competitiveness of American industry while maintaining its function as the lead national laboratory for providing the measurements, calibrations, and quality assurance techniques which underpin U.S. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability and manufacturing processes, and public safety. Repeals specified provisions of Federal law relating to the National Bureau of Standards. Subpart B: Technology Extension Activities and Clearinghouse on State and Local Initiatives - Requires the Secretary of Commerce to provide assistance for the creation and support of Regional Centers for the Transfer of Manufacturing Technology that will be affiliated with any nonprofit institution or organization that applies for and is awarded a grant. Provides for the Centers to enhance productivity and technological performance in United States manufacturing through: (1) the transfer of manufacturing technology and techniques developed at the Institute; (2) the participation of individuals from industry, universities, State governments, other Federal agencies, and the Institute; (3) efforts to make new manufacturing technology usable by small and medium-sized companies; (4) the dissemination of scientific, engineering, technical, and management information about manufacturing to industrial firms; and (5) use of the expertise of Federal laboratories other than the Institute. Provides that the Center's activities will include: (1) establishing experimental automated manufacturing systems, based on the Institute's research; (2) disseminating Center expertise to a wide range of companies; and (3) making loans of items of advanced manufacturing equipment to small manufacturing firms with less than 100 employees. Authorizes the Secretary to provide financial support to any Center for a period not to exceed six years. Prohibits the Secretary from providing to a Center more than 50 percent of the capital and annual operating and maintenance funds required to maintain it. Requires that applicants for financial assistance provide assurances that they will contribute at least 50 percent of the Center's capital and annual operating and maintenance costs. Requires applicants to submit as part of their proposals a plan for the allocation of the legal rights associated with any invention which may result from the Center's technology transfer and research. Requires the Secretary to subject each application to merit review, peer review or other similar process and to consider: (1) the merits of the application; (2) the quality of service; (3) geographical diversity; and (4) the percentage of funding from other sources. Requires that each Center receiving a grant shall be evaluated during its third year of operation by a panel appointed by the Secretary. Prohibits the Secretary from providing funding for the fourth through the sixth years of such Center's operation unless the evaluation is positive. Prohibits the Department of Commerce from funding a Center after the sixth year of operation. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1989 and 1990. Authorizes the Secretary to provide technical assistance to State technology programs to help U.S. businesses, particularly small- and medium-sized businesses, enhance their competitiveness through the application of science and technology. Directs the Secretary to conduct a nationwide study of current State technology extension services. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1989 through 1991. Requires the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology to establish a program for the evaluation of inventions that are not energy-related to complement but not replace the Energy-Related Inventions Program established under the Federal Nonnuclear Energy Research and Development Act of 1974. Establishes within the Office of Productivity, Technology, and Innovation a Clearinghouse on State and Local Initiatives on Productivity, Technology, and Innovation to serve as a central repository of information on initiatives by State and local governments to enhance the competitiveness of American business. Requires the Secretary to: (1) establish relationships with State and local governments; (2) collect information on the nature, extent, and effects of State and local initiatives; (3) disseminate information on State and local initiatives through reports, directories, handbooks, conferences, and seminars; (4) provide technical assistance to State and local governments; (5) study ways in which Federal agencies can use existing programs to assist State and local governments; (6) make recommendations concerning modifications in Federal policies to improve assistance to State and local governments; (7) develop methodologies to evaluate State and local programs' effectiveness in enhancing the competitiveness of American business; and (8) make use of, and disseminate, the nationwide study of State industrial extension programs. Subpart C: Advanced Technology Program - Establishes within the National Institute of Standards and Technology an Advanced Technology Program to assist U.S. industry to create the generic technology to: (1) commercialize economically significant new scientific discoveries rapidly; and (2) refine advanced manufacturing technologies. Establishes within the National Institute of Standards and Technology a visiting Committee on Advanced Technology to review and make recommendations regarding general policy for the National Institute of Standards and Technology, its organization, budget, and programs. Subpart D: Technology Reviews - Requires the President, at the time of the submission of his FY 1989 budget request to the Congress, to also submit a report on his policies and budget proposals regarding: (1) Federal research in semiconductors and semiconductor manufacturing technology; (2) Federal research and acquisition policies for fiber optics and optical-electronic technologies; and (3) Federal research to assist U.S. industry to develop advanced manufacturing technologies for the production of durable and nondurable goods. National Advisory Committee on Semiconductor Research and Development Act of 1988 - Establishes within the executive branch the National Advisory Committee on Semiconductors to monitor and make recommendations with respect to the competitiveness of U.S. semiconductor technologies. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1990. Directs the President to appoint a National Commission on Superconductivity to review all major policy issues regarding U.S. applications of research advances in superconductors. Subpart E: Authorization of Appropriations - Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 to the Secretary of Commerce to carry out the following activities performed by the National Institute of Technology: (1) measurement research and technology; (2) engineering measurements and manufacturing; (3) materials science and engineering; (4) computer science and technology; (5) research support activities; (6) Cold Neutron Source Facility; and (7) other specified programs. Authorizes the transfer of funds among such activities, not to exceed ten percent of the amount appropriated for such activity. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1990 for the Cold Neutron Source Facility. Amends the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 to authorize appropriations for FY 1988 for the Office of Productivity, Technology, and Innovation. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1990 for the establishment of Cooperative Research Centers. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 for grants and cooperative agreements for technology and industrial innovation. Subpart F: Miscellaneous Technology and Commerce Provisions - Prohibits the National Institute of Technology from charging fees to research associates. Requires the Board of Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology to make as part of its annual review an assessment of emerging technologies which are expected to require research in metrology to keep the Institute abreast of its mission, including process and quality control, engineering databases, advanced materials, electronics and fiber optics, bioprocess engineering, and advanced computing concepts. Requires the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology to prepare a plan detailing the manner in which the Institute will make small businesses more aware of its activities and research, particularly in manufacturing. Amends the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 to prohibit activities of the National Technical Information Service which were not performed by contractors as of September 30, 1987, from being contracted out unless the transfer is authorized by statute, or the value of all work performed in each fiscal year does not exceed $250,000. Establishes within the Department of Commerce a Commerce, Science, and Technology Fellowship Program. Amends the Metric Conversion Act of 1975 to declare it to be U.S. policy to designate the metric system of measurement as the preferred system of weights and measures for U.S. trade and commerce. Part 2: Symmetrical Access to Technological Research - Amends the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1979 to declare it to be U.S. policy that federally-supported international science and technology agreements should be negotiated to ensure that: (1) intellectual property rights are properly protected; and (2) access to research and development opportunities and facilities and the flow of scientific and technological information are, to the maximum extent practicable, equitable and reciprocal. Requires the President to transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the Committees on Foreign Relations and Governmental Affairs of the Senate (currently, the Congress) a report containing recommendations with respect to equity of access by U.S. public and private entities to public research and development opportunities and facilities in each country which is a major trading partner of the United States. Part 3: National Critical Materials Council - Requires the National Critical Materials Council to prepare the national Federal program plan for advanced materials research and development under the National Critical Materials Act of 1984 and to submit such plan to the Congress. Amends the National Critical Materials Act of 1984 to authorize appropriations through FY 1992. Subtitle C: Competitiveness Policy Council Act - Competitiveness Policy Council Act - Establishes the Competitiveness Policy Council to analyze information and develop strategies with respect to the competitiveness of U.S. industries and business and trade policy. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1989 and 1990. Subtitle D: Federal Budget Competitiveness Impact Statement - Requires the President to include in the budget an analysis, prepared by the Office of Management and Budget, of the budget's impact on the international competitiveness of U.S. businesses and the U.S. balance of payments. Subtitle E: Trade Data and Studies - Part 1: National Trade Data Bank - Establishes the Interagency Trade Data Advisory Committee. Declares that such committee shall advise the Secretary of Commerce on the establishment and operation of a National Trade Data Bank in order to assure the timely collection of accurate data and provide the private sector and government officials efficient access to economic and trade data collected by the Federal Government for purposes of policymaking and export promotion. Directs the Secretary of Commerce to establish the Data Bank, which shall consist of the International Economic Data System and the Export Promotion Data System. Part 2: Studies - Requires the President or head of the appropriate Federal agency to include in every report made to the Congress on legislation which may affect the ability of U.S. firms to compete in domestic and international commerce a statement of the impact of such legislation on: (1) the international trade and public interest of the United States; and (2) the ability of U.S. firms engaged in the manufacture or provision of goods or services to compete in foreign or domestic markets. Requires the Advisory Council on Federal Participation in Sematech to submit to specified congressional committees a report concerning Federal participation in Sematech. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should evaluate the impact on U.S. competitiveness of: (1) defense spending by foreign countries, particularly Japan; and (2) other specified factors. Title VI: Education and Training for American Competitiveness - Education and Training for a Competitive America Act of 1988 - Subtitle A: Elementary and Secondary Education - Chapter 1: Mathematics and Science - Amends the Education for Economic Security Act to authorize appropriations for FY 1988 for financial assistance from the Secretary of Education to State and local educational agencies and to institutions of higher education to improve the skills of teachers and instruction in mathematics, science, computer learning, and foreign languages. Chapter 2: Adult Literacy - Amends the Adult Education Act to authorize the Secretary of Education to make grants to States for workplace adult literacy programs. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1990. Authorizes the Secretary to make grants to States for the establishment of English literacy programs for individuals of limited English proficiency. Chapter 3: Foreign Languages - Subchapter A: Foreign Language Assistance - Foreign Language Assistance Act of 1988 - Directs the Secretary of Education to make grants to State education agencies to fund model programs, designed and operated by local educational agencies, for the improvement and expansion of foreign language study for children who reside within their school districts. Sets forth formulas for determining the amount of such grants based on State population. Sets forth provisions relating to the availability of such funds. Sets forth grant application requirements for State educational agencies, including provisions for periodic student proficiency evaluation. Provides for program participation by private school children. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 to carry out this subtitle. Subchapter B: Presidential Award for Languages - Authorizes the President to make Presidential Awards for Teaching Excellence in Foreign Languages to elementary and secondary school teachers of foreign languages who have demonstrated outstanding qualifications in the field of teaching foreign languages. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 for such awards. Chapter 4: Science and Mathematics Elementary and Secondary Business Partnerships - Amends the Education for Economic Security Act to authorize the Secretary of Education to make grants to States for the improvement of elementary and secondary school resources with respect to mathematics and science. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988. Chapter 5: Educational Partnerships - Educational Partnerships Act of 1988 - Declares that the purpose of this chapter is to encourage the creation of educational partnerships between public schools and the private sector in order to apply the resources of the private and nonprofit sectors of the community, particularly business concerns and community-based organizations, to the needs of educational institutions in that community designed to encourage excellence in education. Authorizes the Secretary of Education (Secretary) to make grants to educational partnerships to pay the Federal share of costs of the model cooperative programs for authorized activities. Includes among such authorized activities: (1) projects which serve educationally disadvantaged and gifted and talented students; (2) projects designed to enrich secondary school students' career awareness; (3) projects for foreign language instruction; (4) special training for staff to facilitate public school/private sector cooperation; (5) academic internship programs; and (6) projects to provide tutoring by private sector personnel. Sets forth application requirements and the Federal share of such activities. Directs the Secretary annually to evaluate grants made under this chapter. Directs the Secretary to disseminate to State and local educational agencies and other participants in the eligible partnerships any information relating to the activities assisted under this chapter. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1993. Chapter 6: Star Schools Program - Star Schools Program Assistance Act - Amends the Education for Economic Security Act to add a title establishing a star schools program. Cites the new title as the Star Schools Program Assistance Act. Empowers the Secretary of Education to make demonstration grants of up to a fiscal year maximum of $20,000,000 per grant to eligible telecommunications partnerships for the development, construction, and acquisition of telecommunications facilities and equipment and for technical assistance. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1992, subject to fiscal year limitations. Mandates that at least 50 percent of funds under this Act for any fiscal year be used for the cost of facilities, equipment, teacher training or retraining, technical assistance, or programming for certain local educational agencies. Sets forth eligibility criteria to identify eligible telecommunications partnerships, which must be organized on a statewide or multistate regional basis and be either: (1) a public agency or corporation established to provide education-related telecommunications networks to certain educational or health institutions or to industries; or (2) a partnership that will provide a telecommunications network and whose membership includes combinations of certain specified educational entities (especially elementary and secondary schools eligible for funds under title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 or such eligible schools operated by the Department of the Interior for Indian children) or public or private organizations experienced with telecommunications. Authorizes eligible partnerships to submit a grant application: (1) describing the telecommunications facilities, equipment, and technical assistance for which aid is being sought; (2) demonstrating that the services offered will increase the availability of courses of instruction in mathematics, science, and foreign languages; (3) describing teacher training policies to be implemented to ensure the effective use of the relevant facilities; (4) providing assurances that the financial interest of the United States in the telecommunications facilities and equipment will be protected for their useful life; (5) assuring that a significant portion of the facilities, equipment, technical assistance, and programming will be made available within local educational agencies having a high percentage of educationally deprived students; (6) describing how traditionally underserved students will participate in the benefits of such technology; and (7) containing other assurances and information as required by the Secretary. Directs the Secretary, in approving applications, to assure an equitable geographic distribution of grants and to give priority to certain applicants, including those partnerships that: (1) have the capacity to serve the broadest range of targeted institutions; (2) have substantial academic and teaching capabilities; (3) will serve a multistate area; (4) demonstrate strength in mathematics, science, and foreign language resources which by distribution through the partnership will offer new educational opportunities, especially to traditionally underserved populations and to areas with limited access to such resources; and (5) will meet the needs of individuals traditionally excluded from careers in mathematics and science because of discrimination, inaccessibility, or economically disadvantaged backgrounds. Requires each grantee to report to the Secretary concerning courses and materials to be transmitted by satellite to educational institutions and teacher training centers and to specify the locus and time of such transmissions. Directs the Secretary to: (1) compile and prepare for dissemination a listing and description of the courses and materials submitted by each grantee; and (2) distribute such list to all State educational agencies. Chapter 7: Projects and Programs Designed to Address School Dropout Problems and to Strengthen Basic Skills Instruction - Subchapter A - Assistance to Address School Dropout Problems - School Dropout Demonstration Assistance Act of 1988 - Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 for grants to local educational agencies (LEAs) for demonstration programs of dropout prevention, reentry, information, and identification of at-risk students. Allots specified percentages of such funds to various categories of LEAs and educational partnerships. Limits the Federal share of project cost to no more than 90 percent in the first fiscal year and 75 percent in the second. Sets forth grant application requirements, including plans for dropout information collection and reporting systems. Sets forth authorized activities for which such grants may be used. Requires that: (1) at least 30 percent of grant funds be used for dropout prevention activities; (2) at least 30 percent of grant funds be used for dropout reentry persuasion and assistance activities; and (3) not more than five percent of any grant be used for administrative costs. Subchapter B: Assistance to Provide Basic Skills Improvement - Secondary Schools Basic Skills Demonstration Assistance Act of 1988 - Provides assistance to local educational agencies with high concentrations of low-income children to improve the achievement of educationally deprived children enrolled in secondary schools. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988. Sets forth the authorized uses of such funds. Requires local educational agencies to include in applications for such funds a plan of operation as specified by this Act. Describes the process for the award of grants by State educational agencies to local agencies. Subchapter C: General Provisions - Sets forth provisions with respect to the administration of such grants. Chapter 8: Miscellaneous - Amends the Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act of 1986 to require State educational agencies to distribute specified funds for use among areas served by local or intermediate educational agencies or consortia on the basis of relative enrollments in public and private, nonprofit schools within such areas. Provides that FY 1987 funds may be allotted to local and intermediate educational agencies and educational agencies or consortia on the basis of relative enrollments in public and private, nonprofit schools within such areas. Provides that FY 1987 funds may be allotted to local and intermediate educational agencies and consortia on the basis of their relative numbers of children in the school-age population. Subtitle B: Technology and Training - Chapter 1: Transfer of Education and Training Software - Training Technology Transfer Act of 1988 - Establishes the Office of Training Technology Transfer in the Office of Educational Research and Improvement of the Department of Education. Provides that the Director of the Office shall be appointed by the Secretary of Education. Sets forth provisions relating to staffing and staff compensation. Requires the Director to compile and maintain a current and comprehensive clearinghouse of all knowledge and education and training software developed or scheduled to be developed by or under the supervision of Federal agencies. Requires the Director, in compiling such clearinghouse, to: (1) consult with and fully utilize the resources of all Federal agencies engaged in the collection and dissemination of information concerning training technology; and (2) request the participation and cooperation of entities in the legislative and judicial branches. Requires the Director to disseminate the clearinghouse and its revisions widely and on a regular basis to give all potential users of training technology ample notice of its development by Federal agencies. Requires the Director, in doing so, to use all interagency and intergovernmental communications mechanisms and to encourage the participation of independent private sector organizations. Requires the Director to develop and distribute detailed instructions and procedures for securing copies, and rights thereto, of education and training software listed in such clearinghouse and guidelines for cooperative agreements between commercial users and public interest users under specified provisions of this title. Requires the Director to advise, consult, and make grants to any prospective public interest user of education and training software listed in the clearinghouse and assist such user in securing the transfer and conversion of such technology from the Federal agency which developed it. Requires the Director to encourage such user to obtain such software by working with the Training Technology Transfer Officer of such agency. Requires the Director, if an agency has not established procedures for the transfer of such education and training software, to negotiate the transfer of such software upon application by such user. Authorizes the Director to enter into contracts with institutions of higher education and qualified private sector business concerns for the conversion of education and training software in order to adapt such software to the requirements of a public interest user. Requires the Director to advise and consult with any prospective commercial user of an education and training software listed in the clearinghouse. Authorizes the Director to sell or lease such software, including exclusive or nonexclusive rights in patents or copyrights, to a commercial user for a price or fee which reflects a reasonable return to the Government. Authorizes the Director to waive, or negotiate reductions of, such purchase prices or lease fees, or negotiate exclusive sale or lease agreements or other favorable terms for commercial users who agree to enter into cooperative agreements with public interest users or user groups. Requires such agreements to be acceptable to the Director and to provide for a conversion of the education and training software, without charge, by the commercial user to meet the specific needs of the public interest user or user group. Requires the Director, in negotiating such terms for the sale or lease of education and training software, to give preferential consideration to cooperative agreements which: (1) will result in enhancing the employment potential and potential earnings of the maximum number of individuals; (2) encourage and promote multiple uses of education and training software converted by users with similar training needs; and (3) provide beneficial uses of education and training software for small businesses. Requires any education and training software converted under such a cooperative agreement to be: (1) listed in the clearinghouse; and (2) available for transfer to any other public interest user. Requires the Director to: (1) study the effectiveness of education and training software transfers and conversions under this title; and (2) analyze national needs for methods to convert such education and training software which are in addition to the method of cooperative agreements between commercial and public interest users. Requires the Director, within two years after the enactment of this title, to report to the Congress on such study and analysis, with the Director's recommendations as to whether the public interest would be served through the establishment of a program of grants to support the conversion of education and software training. Requires all Federal agencies to cooperate with the Director in implementing this title. Requires Federal agency heads to report to the Secretary of Commerce if they find that their agency cannot cooperate with the Director for reasons of national security or any other reason. Directs the Secretary to report all such findings received during the preceding 12-month period to the Congress by July 1 of each year. Requires the Director to cooperate with the Federal Software Exchange Center of the National Technical Information Service to facilitate education and training software transfers between Federal agencies. Chapter 2: Instructional Programs in Technology Education - Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1993 for the Secretary of Education to establish a program of grants to local educational agencies, State educational agencies, consortia of public and private agencies, organizations and institutions, and institutions of higher education for not more than ten demonstration programs in technology education for secondary schools. Chapter 3: Replication of Technical Education Programs - Requires the Secretary of Education to gather, organize, and disseminate information on innovative programs at postsecondary and secondary schools designed to: (1) enhance the development of technical skills needed to improve the competitiveness of American industry; (2) encourage the development of higher skills of individuals facing job dislocation; (3) encourage the acquisition of basic literacy skills by youth as well as adults; and (4) involve the business community in the planning and offering of employment opportunities to the trained workforce. Directs the Secretary to: (1) gather, organize, and disseminate information on consultative efforts by elementary, secondary, and postsecondary education, business, labor, local, State, and Federal governments designed to improve the competitiveness of American business; and (2) provide technical assistance to any institution or entity to facilitate the gathering of information for replication models. Chapter 4: Vocational Education Programs - Amends the Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act to authorize grants to States to enable them to expand and improve vocational education programs designed to meet needs for training and employment development of adults. Sets forth the eligible programs for such grants. Requires a State receiving such a grant to include in its State plan methods and procedures for coordinating vocational education programs and activities under this Act. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 and 1989. Requires the Secretary to conduct a demonstration program designed to provide secondary school students with skills needed for employment or further education by forming partnerships with business and industry. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 and 1989 to provide vocational education to individuals (particularly those 55 years of age or older) in order to assist their entry into, or advancement in, high technology occupations or to meet the technological needs of other industries or business. Directs the Secretary to establish demonstration programs in vocational training centers and community colleges to provide modular training in basic skills with the objective of rendering participants technologically literate. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988. Chapter 5: Access Demonstration Programs - Authorizes the Secretary of Education to make grants to institutions of higher education, private nonprofit agencies (including regional educational laboratories), public agencies, State educational agencies, or combinations thereof to support the development of training programs for secondary school personnel, including guidance counselors. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988. Subtitle C: Higher Education - Chapter 1: Student Literacy Corps - Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 and any fiscal year thereafter, not to exceed two fiscal years, for literacy corps programs. Authorizes the Secretary to make grants to institutions of higher education for: (1) the costs for participation in such programs and stipends for student coordinators; and (2) technical assistance, collection and dissemination of information, and evaluation of such programs. Chapter 2: Special Research Facilities - Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to require the Secretary of Education to establish a new College and University Research Facilities and Instrumentation Modernization Program for agriculture, strategic metals, minerals, energy, forestry, and oceanic research that will provide assistance for the replacement or renovation of such institutions' obsolete laboratories, research facilities, and outmoded equipment. Sets forth program requirements. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1991. Chapter 3: Minority Science and Engineering Improvement - Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to authorize appropriations for FY 1988 through 1991 for funding new activities aimed at increasing the participation of minority students in scientific and engineering research careers. Chapter 4: Technology Transfer Centers - Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to authorize appropriations for FY 1988 through 1991 to develop, construct, and operate regional technology transfer centers to promote the development of programs to further the transfer of technology to relevant regions of the economy. Outlines administrative provisions. Chapter 5: Library Technology Enhancement - Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to authorize appropriations for FY 1988 through 1991 for activities that will enable libraries to participate in initiatives funded under the Education and Training for American Competitiveness Act of 1987. Chapter 6: International Business Education Program - Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to authorize the Secretary of Education to make grants to institutions of higher education to establish centers for international business education which will: (1) be natural resources for the teaching of improved international business techniques and strategies; (2) provide instruction in critical foreign languages and international fields to provide understanding of the customs of U.S. trading partners; and (3) provide research and training in the international aspects of trade and commerce. Outlines administrative provisions. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1991. Chapter 7: Additional Higher Education Provisions - Amends the funding requirements of the Ronald E. McNair Post-Baccalaureate Achievement Program to raise the amount of funding that may be allocated for such program if the annual appropriation for the Special Programs for Students from Disadvantaged Backgrounds equals or exceeds a specified amount. Subtitle D: Employment and Training for Dislocated Workers - Economic Dislocation and Worker Adjustment Assistance Act - Amends the Job Training Partnership Act to replace title III (Employment and Training Assistance for Dislocated Workers) with new provisions to aid dislocated persons. Outlines administrative provisions with respect to the allocation and use of such aid. Authorizes appropriations. Requires the Secretary of Labor to develop, in coordination with the Secretary of Agriculture, statistical data relating to permanent dislocation of farmers and ranchers due to farm and ranch failures. Directs the Secretary of Labor to conduct a study, in conjunction with the Secretary of State, to identify the extent to which countries enforce (and the producers who fail to comply with) internationally recognized worker rights. Requires such report to be submitted to the Congress. Requires the Secretary of Labor to make funds available through the U.S. Employment Service for the development and implementation of job bank systems in each State. Authorizes appropriations. Subtitle E: Advance Notification of Plant Closings and Mass Layoffs - Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act - Prohibits an employer from ordering a plant closing or mass layoff until the end of a 60-day period after the employer serves written notice of a proposal to issue such an order to: (1) the representative of the affected employees or, if there is no representative, to each affected employee; and (2) the State dislocated worker unit and the affected local government. Provides for reduction of such notification period if the closing or layoff is caused by business circumstances not reasonably foreseeable, and under other specified circumstances. Exempts from the notification requirements a plant closing or layoff if: (1) the affected employees were hired with the understanding that their employment was limited to the duration of the project or facility and the closing or layoff results because of the completion of the project; or (2) it constitutes a lockout or a strike. Makes an employer who orders a plant closing or mass layoff in violation of the notice requirements of this title liable to employees for back pay and benefits, and subject to civil penalties for violations with respect to a local government. Creates a cause of action in the appropriate U.S. district court to enforce such liability. Authorizes the court in such cases to require the defendant to pay reasonable attorneys' fees, along with the costs of the action. States that such remedies shall be the exclusive remedies for any violation of the notification requirements. Subtitle F: National Science Foundation University Infrastructure - National Science Foundation University Infrastructure Act of 1988 - Directs the National Science Foundation to establish: (1) an Academic Research Facilities Modernization Program which shall make awards to institutions, research museums, and consortia for the repair or replacement of such institutions' obsolete laboratories and other research facilities; and (2) the College Science Instrumentation Program which shall make awards to two-year and community colleges and four-year, non-Ph.D. degree-granting institutions or consortia for the purchase of instructional instrumentation. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1989. Title VII: Buy American Act of 1988 - Buy American Act of 1988 - Amends the Buy American Act to prohibit a Federal agency from awarding a procurement contract for goods produced or manufactured in: (1) a signatory country that is considered not in good standing under the Agreement on Government Procurement (Agreement); or (2) a foreign country whose government discriminates in awarding procurement contracts against U.S. products or services. Sets forth exceptions to such prohibition. Allows the President or the head of a Federal agency to award a contract for the procurement of goods produced or manufactured in, or a service provided by a foreign country to which such prohibition applies if the President or the head of an agency: (1) determines that such action is necessary in the public interest or to avoid the restriction of competition in a manner that would limit the procurement in question to, or would establish a preference for, the services or articles of a single manufacturer, or because there is an insufficient number of bidders; and (2) notifies the Congress of such determination. Amends the Trade Agreements Act of 1979 to require the President, by no later than April 30, 1990, and annually thereafter, to submit to specified congressional committees a report on the extent to which foreign countries discriminate against U.S. products or services. Requires the USTR to request consultations with such countries to obtain their compliance with the Agreement or the elimination of their discriminatory procurement practices. Sets forth provisions with respect to violations of the Agreement. Title VIII: Small Business - Small Business International Trade and Competitiveness Act - Amends the Small Business Act to require the Office of International Trade (Office) to cooperate with other relevant Federal agencies, including the Department of Commerce, the Small Business Export Assistance Centers, regional and local Small Business Administration (Administration) offices, the small business community, and relevant State and local export promotion programs to: (1) develop a distribution network for existing trade promotion, trade finance, trade adjustment, trade data collection programs; (2) assist in the marketing of these programs and the dissemination of marketing information to the small business community; and (3) give preference in hiring or transferring personnel fluent in English into the Office. Requires the Office to: (1) cooperate with the Department of Commerce and other relevant agencies, regional and local Administration offices, the Small Business Development Center network, the Small Business Export Assistance network, and State programs to develop mechanisms for identifying subsectors of the small business community with strong export potential, identify areas of demand in foreign markets, prescreen foreign buyers for commercial and credit purposes, increase international marketing by disseminating information about market leads, goods and services produced by small businesses and linking potential sellers and buyers; (2) assist small businesses in the formation of export trading companies, export management companies and research and development pools; (3) work with other Federal agencies, the Administration's local and regional offices, the Small Business Export Assistance Center network, and the private sector to identify existing foreign language translation services; (4) work closely with the Department of Commerce and other relevant Federal agencies to collect and analyze data regarding the small business share of U.S. exports and the nature of State exports, make recommendations to the Secretary of Commerce and to the Congress regarding revision of the SIC code, improve the utility and accessibility of existing export promotion programs for small businesses, and increase the accessibility of the Export Trading Company contact facilitation service; and (5) make available to the small business community information regarding conferences on exporting and international trade. Requires the Office to work with the Export-Import Bank, the Department of Commerce, and the States to develop a program through which export specialists in the regional and district offices of the Administration, regional and local loan officers, and Small Business Export Assistance Center personnel can facilitate the access of small businesses to relevant export financing programs of the Export-Import Bank and to export and preexport financing programs available through the Administration and the private sector. Directs the Office to cooperate with the Export-Import Bank and the small business community to: (1) market existing Administration export financing and preexport financing programs; (2) identify financing available under various Export-Import Bank programs; (3) assist in the development of financial intermediaries; (4) promote greater participation by private financial institutions in export finance; and (5) provide for the participation of Administration personnel in training programs conducted by the Export-Import Bank. Directs the Office to: (1) cooperate with other Federal agencies and the private sector to counsel small business on proceedings related to the United States trade laws; and (2) cooperate with the Department of Commerce, the United States Trade Representative, and the International Trade Commission to increase access to trade remedy proceedings for small businesses. Requires the Office to report to the House and Senate Small Business committees on the implementation of the above provisions. Authorizes appropriations to the Small Business Administration to conduct a National Seminar on Small Business Exports for FY 1988 and 1989. Authorizes the Administration to provide extensions and revolving lines of credit for export purposes and for preexport financing to enable small business concerns to develop foreign markets. Limits extensions and revolving lines of credit to 18 months. Requires the Administration, when considering loan or guarantee applications, to consider export-related benefits. Authorizes appropriations to the Administration for FY 1988 and 1989 for Small Business Development Centers. Requires the Small Business Development Centers to work with the Administration's regional and local offices, the Department of Commerce, appropriate Federal, State, and local agencies and the small business community to disseminate and service delivery mechanisms for existing trade promotion, trade finance, trade adjustment, trade remedy, and trade data collection programs of particular utility for small businesses. Revises requirements with respect to loans from the Administration to small businesses. Requires the Administrator of the Small Business Administration to report to the House and Senate Small Business committees on the advisability of amending the Small Business Innovation Research program to: (1) increase each agency's share of research and development expenditures devoted to it by 0.25 percent per year until a goal of three percent is achieved; (2) make the Small Business Innovation Research Program permanent with a formal congressional review every ten years, beginning in 1993; (3) allocate a share of each agency's Small Business Innovation Research fund for administrative purposes for effective management, quality maintenance, and the elimination of program delays; and (4) include within the Small Business Innovation and Research program all agencies expending between $20,000,000 and $100,000,000 in extramural research and development funds annually. Requires the Administrator to submit to specified congressional committees a report that would: (1) analyze the possible effect of increased outsourcing and other shifts in production arrangements on small firms within the subcontractor tier; (2) assess the impact of specific economic policies, including, but not limited to, procurement, tax and trade policies, in facilitating outsourcing and other international production arrangements; and (3) make recommendations on Government policy that would improve the competitiveness of smaller U.S. subcontractors. Requires the Comptroller General to conduct a study and submit a report to specified congressional committees on: (1) the costs incurred by small businesses to institute import relief actions under the trade laws; and (2) the extent of assistance provided to small businesses by the Trade Remedy Assistance Office. Requires the Administration to conduct a National Seminar on Small Business Exports within one year following enactment of this Act. Requires the conference to bring together experts in international trade and small business development and representatives of small businesses, trade associations, the labor community, academic institutions, and Federal, State, and local governments. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the United States Trade Representative should appoint a special trade assistant for small business. Title IX: Patents - Subtitle A: Process Patents - Process Patent Amendments Act of 1988 - Amends the patent laws to make it an infringement of a patent to use, sell, or import into the United States without authority a product produced by a process patented in the United States. Excludes products materially changed by subsequent processes or products which become a trivial and nonessential component of another product. States that no modification of remedies is available to any person who practiced the patented process, is controlled by or controls the person who practiced the process, or who had knowledge before the infringement that a patented process was being used in violation of this Act. Requires an infringer to have actual knowledge of infringement or sufficient information as to the likelihood of infringement before remedies are available to the patent holder. Makes remedies contingent upon the good faith practiced by both parties, as well as the need to restore exclusive patent rights. Requires a party to show good faith by requesting or responding to a request for disclosure by a manufacturer of all process patents owned or licensed to such manufacturer at the time of the request which could reasonably be believed to be infringed if imported, used, or sold in the United States by an unauthorized party. Limits requests to persons regularly engaged or about to be regularly engaged in the business. Requires requests to be made before a notice of infringement and to include a representation that the requester will submit identified patents to the manufacturer or supplier to obtain a written statement that these patents are not being violated. Requires notices of infringement to specify the patent allegedly infringed and the reasons why such infringement is suspected. Places the burden of proof in an infringement action to show that product was not produced by the patented process on the defendant. Makes this provision effective prospectively only, except where a specific product is already in substantial and continuous sale or use by a person in the United States on January 1, 1988, or for which substantial preparation has been made. Directs the Secretary of Commerce to report annually to the Congress for five years on the effect of this provision on the importation of manufacturing ingredients in certain domestic industries. Subtitle B: Foreign Filing - Patent Law Foreign Filing Amendments Act of 1988 - Permits the modification of an application for patent protection filed in a foreign country if the original subject matter and modifications would not have required permission because of their detrimental effect on national security. Subtitle C: Patent Term Extension - Extends the patent term for the drug Lopid for a three-year-and-six-month period from the date of its expiration. Title X: Ocean and Air Transportation - Subtitle A: Foreign Shipping Practices - Foreign Shipping Practices Act of 1988 - Requires the Federal Maritime Commission to investigate all laws, regulations, and practices of foreign governments and all practices of foreign carriers or of other persons providing maritime or maritime-related services in a foreign country which result in different conditions, in U.S. oceanborne trades, for U.S. carriers than for foreign carriers. Authorizes initiation of such investigation on the Commission's own motion or on petition of any person. Requires the investigation to be completed within 120 days after it is initiated, subject to one extension of 90 days in certain circumstances. Authorizes the Commission to order any person to file necessary information. Authorizes the Commission to order the response to such order to be under oath, prescribe the form and time of such response, and determine that information submitted under this provision, in response to a subpoena under a specified provision of this Act, or otherwise, shall not be disclosed to the public. Authorizes the Commission, when such different conditions exist, after notice and opportunity for comment, to take any action it considers necessary, including limiting sailings, suspending tariffs, and suspending the right of an ocean common carrier to operate under any agreement filed with the Commission. Requires that, before an order becomes effective or a request is made by the Commission for an action by the collector of customs or the Coast Guard under provision of this Act, the order must be submitted to the President who may, within ten days of receiving the order, disapprove the order, in certain circumstances. Requires, upon request of the Commission, when the Commission finds that such different conditions exist: (1) the collector of customs to refuse clearance to any foreign vessel identified by the Commission; and (2) the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating to deny entry of any foreign vessel so identified into the United States or to detain any such vessel from leaving one U.S. port for another U.S. port. Requires the Commission to include in its annual report to the Congress a list of countries generating the largest volume of oceanborne bilateral trade with the United States, an analysis of conditions being investigated, actions taken by the Commission, and any recommendations for legislation. Amends the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 to authorize the President to make use of foreign currencies owned by or owed to the United States for the development and use of mobile trade fairs which are designed to show and sell U.S. products at foreign ports. Subtitle B: International Air Transportation - Amends the International Air Transportation Fair Competitive Practices Act of 1974 to reduce the maximum period from 180 days to 90 days in which the Secretary of Transportation must act upon complaints charging foreign discriminatory, predatory, or anticompetitive practices against U.S. air carriers. Requires the Secretary in considering any complaint to: (1) solicit the views of the Department of State, the Department of Commerce, and the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative; and (2) provide any affected air carrier or foreign air carrier with reasonable notice and opportunity to file evidence with respect to such complaint. Directs the Secretary, not later than the 30th day after taking action with respect to such complaint, to report his actions to specified congressional committees.

(Measure passed Senate, amended, in lieu of S. 1420, roll call #208 (71-27)) Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1987 - Title I: Authority to Negotiate Trade Agreements - Omnibus Trade Act of 1987 - Grants the President, through January 3, 1994, the authority to enter into multilateral trade agreements to reduce or eliminate trade barriers or distortions whenever the President determines that such barriers to, or distortions of, international trade: (1) unduly burden or restrict U.S. foreign trade or adversely affect the U.S. economy; or (2) are likely to result in such a burden, restriction, or effect. Limits the amount of reduction in duty that such agreements may involve. Grants the President, through January 3, 1994, the authority to enter into bilateral trade agreements with foreign countries providing for the reduction or elimination of trade barriers or distortions. Provides that such a bilateral trade agreement may be entered into only if: (1) the foreign country requested the negotiation of such an agreement; and (2) the President provides 60 days' notice to specified congressional committees and consults with such committees. Requires the President, before entering into negotiation of such a multilateral or bilateral trade agreement, to determine: (1) whether state trading enterprises account for a significant share of the exports of such foreign country or of the goods of such country that are subject to import competition; and (2) whether such state trading enterprises unduly burden or restrict, or adversely affect, U.S. foreign trade or the U.S. economy or are likely to result in such a burden, restriction, or effect. Authorizes the President, if a country's state trading enterprises meet such criteria, to enter into a multilateral or bilateral trade agreement with such country only if such agreement provides that the state trading enterprises: (1) will make non-governmental purchases and sales in international trade in accordance with commercial considerations; and (2) will give U.S. businesses adequate opportunity to compete for participation in such purchases and sales. Provides that a multilateral or bilateral trade agreement may be entered into only if the trade agreement: (1) meets the negotiating objectives described in the Omnibus Trade Act of 1987; (2) provides for the reciprocal exchange of obligations among the signatories to the agreement; (3) provides a reasonable likelihood that the United States can enforce the obligations of such agreement; and (4) complements and reinforces existing agreements with non-signatory countries and existing U.S. agreements on related economic subjects. Requires the President, before entering into such a multilateral or bilateral trade agreement, to consult with specified congressional committees. Requires the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) and the Advisory Committee For Trade Negotiations to consult with such congressional committees on a continuing basis in order to inform the Congress of trade negotiations and the progress in meeting, and obstacles to achieving, U.S. trade negotiating objectives. Requires the President and the Advisory Committee to submit to the Congress a report on the progress being made in any multilateral and bilateral negotiations. Provides that a multilateral or bilateral trade agreement entered into under the Omnibus Trade Act of 1987 shall enter into force with respect to the United States if: (1) the President has notified the Congress of the intent to enter into such an agreement; (2) after entering into the agreement the President submits the final legal text of the agreement to the Congress together with other specified materials; and (3) the implementing bill is enacted. Authorizes the President to make certain recommendations to the Congress in order to ensure that a foreign country that receives benefits under a trade agreement is subject to obligations under the agreement. Imposes limitations on the use of expedited congressional procedures for the consideration of an implementing bill or approval resolution relating to such trade agreements. Declares that the overall objectives of the United States in international trade negotiations shall be to obtain: (1) more open, fair, and equitable market access; (2) the reduction or elimination of barriers and other trade-distorting practices; (3) an appropriate overall balance between benefits and concessions within the agricultural, manufacturing, mining, and service sectors; and (4) improved management of the new global economy. Sets forth the principal objectives in negotiating such agreements. Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to declare that the principal U.S. negotiating objectives under the import relief provisions of such Act shall be to eliminate or reduce foreign barriers to equitable access by U.S. persons to foreign development technology. Requires the United States, in pursuing such objectives, to take into account U.S. policies in licensing or otherwise making available to foreign persons technology and other information developed by U.S. laboratories. Provides termination and reservation authority for trade agreements entered into under this Act. Requires the President to determine, before January 3, 1991, whether any major industrial country has failed to make reciprocal concessions under a trade agreement. Requires the President to recommend certain legislation to the Congress with respect to such a country if the country has failed to make such concessions. Provides that no political party shall dominate the membership of specified trade advisory committees. Requires the International Trade Commission (ITC), when providing advice to the President on import-sensitive articles, to identify articles that are sensitive to imports and to include a statement of whether any reduction, elimination, or modification of duties under consideration with respect to such articles may injure the domestic industry producing such articles. Directs the President with respect to offers made in the course of trade negotiations for the modification or continuance of any U.S. duty, import restriction, or barrier to international trade, to take into account any advice or reports submitted by: (1) the ITC; (2) the Advisory Committee For Trade Negotiations; or (3) any organization that holds public hearings with respect to such articles, or domestic industry that is sensitive to imports. Requires the President to make the same determinations regarding state trading enterprises before a foreign country accedes to a multinational trade agreement to which the United States is a party as the President is required to make before entering into negotiation of a multilateral or bilateral trade agreement under the Omnibus Trade Act of 1987. Requires the President, if a country's state trading enterprises meet such criteria, to reserve the right of the United States to withhold extension of such agreement between the United States and such country. Provides that, if a country's state trading enterprises meet such criteria such trade agreement shall not apply between the United States and such country until: (1) such country and the United States enter into an agreement providing that the state trading enterprises will make certain purchases and sales in accordance with commercial considerations and will afford U.S. businesses an opportunity to compete for such purchases and sales; or (2) a bill which approves the extension of such agreement between the United States and such foreign country is enacted. Provides for expedited congressional consideration of such an implementing bill. Declares that Congress finds that: (1) the benefit of trade concessions can be adversely affected by misalignments in currency; and (2) such misalignments caused by Government policies intended to maintain an unfair trade advantage tend to nullify and impair such concessions. Directs the President to take action to initiate bilateral currency negotiations with a foreign country whenever he determines, during the course of trade negotiations with such country, that: (1) such country manipulates currency exchange rates and maintains barriers to investment, encourages internal investment, or engages in other policies for the purpose of preventing balance of payments adjustments or gaining an unfair competitive advantage in trade; (2) the currency of such country is substantially undervalued against the U.S. dollar; and (3) such country has a material surplus in the balance on the current account between such country and the rest of the world. North American Trade Expansion Area Act of 1987 - Directs the President to begin negotiations with Mexico, the Caribbean Basin countries, and Canada to establish a North American free trade area. Requires any agreement reached through such negotiations to be reciprocal and to provide mutual reductions in trade barriers. Authorizes the President to enter into bilateral and multilateral trade agreements with foreign countries to establish expanded trade areas. Requires any such agreement to ensure a mutual and reciprocal reduction of tariff and nontariff trade barriers. Sets forth the requirements for implementation such trade agreements. Expresses the sense of the Senate that the Administration should not enter into any agreement with the European Community which would enable the Community to withdraw or modify its obligation to provide duty-free treatment to soybeans, soybean meal, or corn gluten feed. Title II: Enhancing Competitiveness - Subtitle A: Positive Adjustment in Import-Impacted Industries - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to revise the chapter providing for import relief. Provides that a petition for eligibility for import relief for the purpose of facilitating orderly adjustment to import competition may be filed with the ITC by any entity which is representative of an industry. Requires the petition to include: (1) a statement describing the specific purposes for which import relief is being sought; and (2) a plan to promote positive adjustment to import competition. Requires the ITC to begin an investigation to determine whether an article is being imported in such increased quantities as to be a substantial cause of serious injury, or threat of serious injury, to a competing domestic industry upon: (1) request of the President or the (USTR); (2) resolution of specified congressional committees; or (3) filing of a petition. Requires the ITC, in making such determination, to consider all relevant economic factors. Lists certain factors to be considered, including, with respect to serious injury, the inability of a significant number of firms to operate domestic production facilities at a reasonable profit and, with respect to threat of serious injury: (1) export targeting by a foreign government; (2) the existence of affirmative antidumping or countervailing duty determinations relating to a specified country; (3) the extent of the inability of the domestic industry to maintain its research and development expenditures; and (4) the extent to which articles are being diverted to the United States because of export or import restraints in a third country. Sets forth the methods to be used by the ITC to determine the relevant domestic industry, including requiring the ITC to treat as part of an industry only its domestic production even if the industry also imports. Defines "substantial cause" to mean a cause which is important and not less than any other cause. Requires the ITC to: (1) investigate and report on efforts made by firms and workers in the industry to compete more effectively; and (2) investigate any factors which may be contributing to increased imports and, if the ITC has reason to believe that the increased imports are attributable to dumping, to notify the appropriate agency. Declares that imports of competitive articles by domestic producers shall not be considered a factor indicating the absence of serious injury or threat of serious injury to such industry. Requires the ITC to examine factors other than imports which may be a cause of injury or threat of injury to the domestic industry. Requires the ITC to hold public hearings in import relief investigations. Permits any firm, union, local community, trade association, or any other persons to submit to the ITC commitments regarding their efforts to promote a positive adjustment in the domestic industry to import competition. Requires the ITC, if it makes an affirmative determination of serious injury or threat of serious injury to a domestic industry, to confidentially obtain such commitments. Requires the ITC to make a determination within 150 days of the start of an import relief investigation. Prohibits an import relief investigation with respect to a domestic industry which was the subject of a previous investigation that resulted in tariff changes, import quotas, or orderly marketing agreements. Prohibits for one year any import relief investigation, except for good cause, of the same subject matter as a previous investigation that did not succeed in obtaining relief. Requires the President to impose provisional import relief if the President finds that critical circumstances exist. Sets forth limitations on the duration of such relief. Declares that critical circumstances exist if a significant increase in imports over a short period of time has led to circumstances in which a delay in the imposition of relief would cause damage to the domestic industry that would be difficult to remedy under the regular import relief procedure. Permits a petition which alleges import injury to a perishable product to be filed with the Secretary of Agriculture with a request that emergency relief be granted. Sets forth the procedure and timetable for granting such emergency relief. Requires the ITC to report to the President on the determination made by the ITC in an import relief investigation. Sets forth information to be included in such report. Requires the ITC, if it determines that import relief is warranted, to: (1) recommend actions which the President is authorized to take action (other than to negotiate an orderly marketing agreement to limit imports) that will assist a domestic industry to become more competitive; and (2) include specified information in the report to the President including a description of the short and long-term effects of the implementation of the recommendation on other domestic industries and consumers. Limits the extent of the impact of, and the duration of, the import relief recommended by the ITC. Provides for public hearings by the ITC on its recommendations. Permits the ITC to recommend the suspension of specified articles of the Tariff Schedules of the United States or the designation of an article as an eligible article under the Generalized System of Preferences if, in addition to making an affirmative determination that injury exists with respect to increased quantities of such articles, it determines in the course of its investigation that the serious injury, or serious threat of injury, to the domestic industry producing a like or directly competitive article is substantially caused by such imported articles. Provides for public hearings by the ITC on its recommendations. Requires the ITC, if it makes an affirmative determination of injury to a domestic industry, to: (1) hold a public hearing on ITC recommendations for import relief; and (2) take into account, when making such recommendations to the President, any positive adjustment plan or confidential commitments by firms or workers to promote the competitiveness of a domestic industry. Requires the ITC to transmit such plan, confidential commitments, and report containing ITC recommendations with respect to import relief to the President. Requires the ITC to: (1) consider specified factors in making such recommendations; (2) report to the President on import relief determinations within 180 days of the start of the investigation; and (3) furnish additional information to the President upon request. Requires the President, if the ITC makes an affirmative determination that import relief is warranted, to take, within 60 days of receipt of the ITC report: (1) the actions recommended by the ITC or other actions which are at least substantially equivalent to the actions recommended by the ITC; and (2) other authorized actions that are likely to assist the domestic industry to become more competitive. Declares that the President shall not be required to take such action if he determines it would: (1) endanger U.S. national security; (2) disproportionately burden U.S. agriculture; (3) result in a loss of U.S. jobs; (4) be a substantial cause of serious injury to a domestic industry; or (5) disproportionately burden the poor. Requires the President, when the ITC makes an affirmative determination of an injury caused by increased quantities of imports and recommends the provision of trade adjustment assistance to workers or firms in a domestic industry that is the subject of such determination, to direct the Secretary of Labor or the Secretary of Commerce to certify such workers or firms as eligible for such assistance. Requires the President to take actions to implement import relief measures recommended by the ITC if: (1) he takes actions that are different from those actions recommended by the ITC or takes no action at all; and (2) a joint resolution of disapproval is passed by the Congress. Sets forth factors the President should consider when determining import relief measures. Requires the President to submit to the Congress a report setting forth: (1) the actions he has determined to take with regard to import relief; (2) the reasons for any difference in the import relief granted and that recommended by the ITC; (3) the basis for his determination; and (4) any recommendations for legislation that would assist the domestic industry to become more competitive. Sets forth the timetable for actions by the President in import relief actions. Sets forth the import relief actions the President is authorized to take, including providing increases of duties, tariff-rate quotas, marketing agreements to limit imports, trade adjustment assistance, and entering into multilateral negotiations. Authorizes the President to take such additional actions as may be necessary to eliminate the circumvention of import relief actions previously taken by the President. Provides for the administration, review, and termination of import relief actions taken by the President. Limits the duration of import relief actions to ten years. Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to issue and use import licenses in administering certain limitations imposed under the Trade Act of 1974 on the quantity of articles imported into the United States. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to auction such licenses to the public. Sets forth requirements with respect to such licenses. Authorizes the President to negotiate orderly marketing agreements if such agreement provides for the administration and enforcement of such agreement by the United States through the issuance and auctioning of import licenses. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to: (1) conduct a study on the effects of auctioning import licenses with respect to certain import limitations imposed under the Trade Act of 1974; and (2) submit a report on such study to the Congress. Establishes in the Treasury the Auctioned Import License Trust Fund. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to deposit amounts received from the auctioning of import licenses into such Fund. Sets forth requirements with respect to the maintenance of such Fund. Subtitle B: Trade Competitiveness Assistance - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to revise the eligibility requirements for trade adjustment assistance for workers and firms. Authorizes the certification of workers and firms (including workers and firms in the oil and gas industry) as eligible for such assistance if there are increases in imports of articles that are competitive with articles to which the workers or the firms provide essential goods or services. Provides that petition TA-W-13, 654 which resulted in certification for trade adjustment assistance shall expire August 31, 1987. Requires the Secretary of Labor to notify each worker who is covered by a certification for trade adjustment assistance. Requires a worker, in order to receive cash assistance, to: (1) be enrolled in a training program approved by the Secretary of Labor; (2) have completed such a program; or (3) have received a written certification from the Secretary or the relevant State or State agency that it is not feasible or appropriate to approve a training program for such worker. Prohibits payment of such assistance to such worker if the worker has failed to begin, or has ceased to participate in, such training program and there is no justifiable cause for such failure or cessation until the worker begins or resumes participation in such training program. Requires the Secretary of Labor to report annually to specified congressional committees on the number of workers who received certifications on the non-feasibility or inappropriateness of job training during the preceding year. Increases the maximum trade readjustment allowance to an amount equal to 78 (currently 52) times the amount of one week's trade readjustment allowance. Provides that such increase shall apply to a worker who receives a certification of non-feasibility of job training. Sets forth provisions relating to: (1) the duration of worker training programs; (2) other sources of funds to cover the costs of such programs; and (3) breaks in training. Requires that, if the Secretary of Labor approves training for adversely affected workers the training must be reasonably available. Provides that such training may be paid for directly or through a voucher system. Limits the total amount of payments for training for each adversely affected worker to $4,000. Requires agreements entered into with States for the provision of training program services for adversely affected workers to include the coordination of the administration of employment services, training, and supplemental job assistance for such workers. Requires each cooperating State agency (agency which provides trade adjustment assistance services) to advise adversely affected workers of training opportunities as soon as practicable. (Current law requires the agency to provide such advice within 60 days of receiving an application for training.) Sets forth provisions relating to a worker's separation from employment and eligibility for trade adjustment assistance. Provides that a certification for trade adjustment assistance that was made on August 29, 1986, for workers that produce surgical devices shall apply to such workers whose most recent separation from employment occurred on or after March 15, 1985. Terminates on September 30, 1993, trade adjustment assistance programs for workers, technical assistance for firms, and the imposition of import fees to fund such programs. Authorizes appropriations for trade adjustment assistance for workers and for firms through FY 1990. (Current law authorizes such appropriations through FY 1991.) Establishes within the Treasury a Trade Competitiveness Assistance Trust Fund. Provides for funding the Trust Fund. Requires the amounts in the Trust Fund to be used to: (1) pay drawbacks and refunds of the duty imposed on all imports under the Trade Act of 1974; (2) carry out trade adjustment assistance for workers and firms; and (3) repay advances made to the Trust Fund from appropriations. Prohibits the use of the amounts in the Trust Fund to pay certain loans guaranteed under programs for trade adjustment assistance for firms. Limits the amount for payment of trade adjustment assistance for workers and firms to available funds in the Trust Fund. Authorizes appropriations to the Trust Fund for payment of such assistance. Directs the President to undertake negotiations to change the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) to allow countries to impose a small uniform fee on all imports in order to use the revenue from such duty to fund trade adjustment assistance programs. Directs the President to report to the Congress six months after enactment of this Act on the progress of such negotiations. Directs the President to report to the Congress as soon as the GATT allows the imposition of such a fee. Imposes an additional fee on all imports into the United States, including those imports granted duty-free treatment, with specified exceptions. Directs the Secretary of Labor to conduct a study of the methods that could be used to expedite the certification of workers and firms for trade adjustment assistance. Requires the ITC to submit to the Congress a report on the negative economic effects of U.S. trade import restraint programs on the United States. Title III: Unfair International Trade Practices Investigations - Subtitle A: Mandatory Responses to Unfair Distortions of International Trade - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to require the national trade estimate prepared annually by the USTR to include a list of the trade barriers of each foreign country and an estimate of the value of additional U.S. goods and services and the value of additional foreign direct investment by U.S. persons that would have been exported to, or invested in, each foreign country if each of such trade barriers did not exist. Requires the USTR to consider the value of such U.S. exports and investments in determining the trade distorting impact of such trade barriers. Changes the date on which such annual report (to be known as the National Trade Estimate) is due to March 31, 1988. Requires the USTR to identify: (1) those foreign countries that deny adequate protection of intellectual property rights or deny fair market access to U.S. persons that rely upon intellectual property protection; and (2) those foreign countries that have been determined by the USTR to be priority foreign countries. World Markets Opening Initiative - Requires the USTR to: (1) identify those foreign countries that maintain import barriers and market distorting practices; (2) identify such countries in which the elimination of such barriers and distortions would have the most potential to increase U.S. exports; (3) estimate the total amount by which U.S. exports of goods and services to such countries would have increased during the preceding calendar year if such barriers and distortions did not exist; and (4) submit to the Senate Committee on Finance and the House Committee on Ways and Means a report which contains such information. Sets forth factors to be considered in making such report. Requires the USTR to initiate investigations with respect to such barriers and distortions. Directs the USTR to negotiate an agreement with those countries found to have such barriers and distortions which provides for: (1) the elimination of such barriers and practices within three years of the date the investigation is initiated; and (2) the reduction of such barriers and distortions over a three-year period with the expectation that U.S. exports to the foreign country will increase during such three-year period. Authorizes the Senate Committee on Finance and the House Committee on Ways and Means to file a petition for presidential action with respect to countries its believes maintains such barriers and distortions. Requires the USTR, on the basis of the National Trade Estimate, to initiate investigations with respect to those countries that maintain such barriers and distortions for the purpose of expanding U.S. exports to such countries. Exempts the USTR from initiating such investigations if he believes such investigations would be detrimental to other efforts being made to eliminate such barriers or distortions. Requires the USTR to initiate an investigation with respect to those countries that deny protection of intellectual property rights and have been designated by the USTR as a priority country. Exempts the USTR from initiating such investigation if he determines that: (1) the initiation of the investigation would be detrimental to U.S. national economic interests; or (2) the foreign country has entered into good faith bilateral or multilateral negotiations to remedy such practices. Requires the USTR to determine within nine months of the start of an investigation, whether: (1) the United States is being denied any trade rights; or (2) the trade practices being investigated constitute unfair practices. Requires the USTR to provide an opportunity for the presentation of the views of interested parties and to obtain advice from appropriate advisory bodies either before or after making such determination depending upon whether expeditious action is required. Requires the USTR to make the determination more quickly (within six months) if export targeting or unfair intellectual property practices is alleged. Requires the USTR, if he makes an affirmative determination, to recommend actions the President should take with respect to such unfair practices. Requires the President to take the actions necessary to enforce U.S. trade rights and eliminate unfair trade practices if such determination is affirmative. Sets forth the time frame in which such actions must be taken. Authorizes the President to postpone taking such actions for any periods of delay in formal dispute settlement proceedings under a trade agreement or if he makes a specified certification to the Congress. Prohibits the President from granting more than two postponements. Declares that the President is not required to take any actions if: (1) the contracting parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) make a determination or a ruling is issued under the formal dispute settlement proceedings that conflicts with the USTR's determination of unfair trade practices; (2) an agreement is entered into between the United States and the foreign country involved and the affected domestic industry, or the petitioner agrees that such agreement adequately offsets the unfair trade practices and enforces U.S. trade rights; or (3) the President submits specified certifications to the Congress. Terminates any actions taken in response to such investigations after four years if there is no request for continuation of the action. Provides for formal review, upon request, of the necessity of the continuation of the action. Requires the USTR to report to the President and the Congress on such review. Authorizes the President to modify or terminate an action taken pursuant to such an investigation if: (1) the contracting parties to the GATT make a determination or a ruling is issued under the formal dispute settlement proceedings that conflicts with the USTR's determination of unfair trade practices; or (2) the burden on the U.S. economy of the denial of trade rights or of the unfair trade practices has increased or decreased. Requires the USTR, if he makes an affirmative determination with respect to export targeting by a foreign country and the President does not take action with respect to such determination, to initiate negotiations with such country to obtain an agreement for the elimination of such export targeting or the provision of additional trade benefits to the United States. Requires the President, under specified circumstances, to establish an advisory panel to recommend measures which will promote the competitiveness of a domestic industry affected by such targeting. Includes foreign trade practices that threaten to burden or restrict U.S. commerce among the trade practices to which the USTR must respond. Defines "burden on U.S. commerce" to include: (1) foreign trade practices which have an adverse effect on trade between the United States and another foreign country; (2) the subsidization of exports that results in the displacement of U.S. exports to another foreign country; (3) the imposition of import restrictions or export performance requirements that result in the diversion of the exports of another foreign country to U.S. markets; and (4) the enforcement of trade restraining agreements that result in the diversion of the exports of another foreign country to U.S. markets. Requires foreign instrumentalities and territories to be treated as foreign countries. Authorizes the President, in reaction to unfair foreign trade practices, to: (1) withdraw or refrain from proclaiming benefits under the Generalized System of Preferences for the country involved; or (2) enter into agreements that offset or eliminate any burden on U.S. commerce resulting from such practices. Includes within the definition of unreasonable trade practices: (1) export targeting; (2) a requirement that intellectual property be licensed to the foreign country concerned or to a firm in such country or that technical information be submitted to such country as a condition of importation into such country; or (3) the denial of worker's rights. Defines "export targeting" to include any government plan consisting of a combination of coordinated actions that are bestowed on a specific enterprise, industry, or group the effect of which is to assist the enterprise, industry, or group to become more competitive in exports. Sets forth actions included within the definition of export targeting. Provides that any subsidy to increase the production of nonagricultural, fungible goods for which production exceeds demand shall be treated as burdening U.S. commerce if such act threatens to have an adverse impact on U.S. commerce. Includes within the definition of "discriminatory practices" trade practices: (1) which enable a state trading enterprise to compete in international trade or make purchases or sales in international trade without depending on commercial considerations; (2) through which a foreign country assists a state trading enterprise in such competition, purchases, or sales; or (3) which fail to afford U.S. firms adequate opportunity, in accordance with customary business practice, to compete for participation in purchases from, or sales to, state trading enterprises. Defines "denial of benefits" under a trade agreement to include foreign trade practices that: (1) nullify, impair, or impede attainment of the objectives of such agreement; (2) constitute an unfair trade concession requirement for any product or service within the purview of such agreement. Defines "unfair trade concessions requirement." Directs the USTR, if he initiates an investigation with respect to a practice that he believes may impair, or threaten to impair, U.S. sales of agricultural commodities in foreign markets, to determine whether the provision of surplus commodities under the Food Security Act of 1985 to U.S. exporters and foreign purchasers would be an appropriate action to offset such practice that is the subject of such investigation. Requires the USTR to submit to the President and the Congress a report concerning such determination, including the reasons on which such determination was based. Requires the President, if the USTR makes an affirmative determination, to: (1) issue a directive to the Commodity Credit Corporation that requires it to provide surplus agricultural commodities to U.S. exporters and foreign purchasers to offset such practice; or (2) submit to the Congress a statement explaining why he has declined to issue such directive. Authorizes the President, in order to meet U.S. international obligations, to take actions to compensate foreign governments for actions taken with respect to unfair foreign trade practices. Requires the USTR to initiate an investigation with respect to Japanese practices that are barriers to the offering or performance by U.S. persons of architectural, engineering, construction, and consulting services in Japan. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should propose to the Japanese Prime Minister that a summit be held between the leaders of the United States and Japan to: (1) address trade and economic issues; and (2) establish an agreement that provides objectives for improvement in trade and economic relations, including targets for achieving such objectives. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the USTR and other U.S. officials should: (1) give highest priority to concluding and enforcing agreements with Japan which achieve improved market access for U.S. manufacturers of supercomputers and end predatory pricing activities of Japanese companies in the United States, Japan, and other countries; and (2) continue to monitor the efforts of U.S. manufacturers of supercomputers to gain access to Japanese markets while recognizing that Japan may continue to manipulate the government procurement process to maintain the market dominance of Japanese manufacturers. Subtitle B: Improvement in the Enforcement of Antidumping and Countervailing Duties - Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to permit the administering authority, if it finds a reasonable basis to suspect that critical circumstances may exist after the initiation of a countervailing or antidumping duty investigation, to request the Commissioner of Customs to compile information on an expedited basis regarding entries of the class or kind of merchandise that is the subject of such investigation. Requires the Commissioner to collect information regarding the volume and value of entries of such merchandise and to transmit such information to the administering authority upon request until: (1) a final determination is made with respect to such investigation; (2) such investigation is terminated; or (3) the administering authority withdraws its request for such information. Requires the ITC, if there is an affirmative determination of a subsidy or dumping, and critical circumstances and material injury to an industry exist, to determine whether retroactive imposition of a countervailing or antidumping duty on the merchandise is necessary to prevent recurrence of material injury that was caused by massive imports of such merchandise over a short period of time. Sets forth factors to be considered by the ITC in making such determination. Requires the administering authority, if it determines that merchandise is imported into the U.S. customs territory by, or for, a manufacturer, producer, seller, or exporter for the purpose of absorbing antidumping duties on behalf of a U.S. purchaser, to declare the importation a sham transaction and direct customs officers to treat the U.S. purchaser as the importer solely liable for such duties. Sets forth factors to be considered in determining whether a transaction is a sham transaction. Authorizes a domestic producer of an article that is like a component part or a downstream product to petition the administering authority to designate a downstream product for monitoring by the ITC. Sets forth information to be included in the petition. Requires the administering authority to determine whether: (1) there is a reasonable likelihood that imports of the downstream product will increase as an indirect result of any diversion with respect to component parts; (2) such component parts are already subject to monitoring to aid in the enforcement of a bilateral arrangement; and (3) merchandise related to the component parts have been the subject of a number of suspended countervailing or antidumping duty investigations, or the subject of a countervailing or antidumping duty order. Sets forth factors the administering authority may take into account in making such determination. Requires the ITC to make quarterly reports to the administering authority regarding the ITC monitoring of a downstream product. Requires the administering authority to review the reports of the ITC and: (1) consider such information in determining whether to initiate an antidumping or countervailing duty investigation regarding a downstream product; and (2) request the ITC to cease its monitoring if the information indicates that imports are not increasing and there is no reasonable likelihood of diversion with respect to component parts. Defines "component part" to mean an import that: (1) during the five years preceding the petition has been subject to a countervailing or antidumping duty order or agreement; and (2) is used routinely as a major part in other manufactured articles. Defines "downstream product" to mean any import into which is incorporated any component part. Sets forth provisions relating to preventing the circumvention of countervailing and antidumping duty orders and findings. Outlines considerations with respect to the applicability of such orders and findings for: (1) products completed or assembled in the United States with parts or components imported from a country covered by such an order or finding; (2) products completed or assembled in a third country prior to importation into the United States; (3) products altered to be removed from a particular tariff classification; and (4) determining whether a later-developed product is subject to an outstanding order or finding. Amends the Trade and Tariff Act of 1934 to provide that any steel product that is manufactured in a country that is not a party to a bilateral arrangement (a non-arrangement country) from steel which is melted and poured in a country that is an arrangement country will be treated for purposes of the quantitative restrictions under that arrangement as if it were a product of an arrangement country. Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to permit an eligible domestic industry to file a petition with the administering authority requesting that a product monitoring category be established with respect to merchandise that becomes the subject of an affirmative dumping determination. Requires the administering authority to establish a program of monitoring if: (1) any merchandise which is within the same product monitoring category as the merchandise to be monitored has been the subject of at least two affirmative dumping determinations during the preceding ten years; and (2) all merchandise within a product monitoring category has been the subject of at least three affirmative dumping determinations during the preceding ten years. Requires the administering authority to initiate an antidumping duty investigation if the monitoring provides a reasonable likelihood that such merchandise is being sold in the United States at less than fair value. Requires the administering authority, if the merchandise involved in a dumping investigation is exported from a nonmarket economy country and it is not possible to accurately determine the foreign market value of such merchandise from the information submitted by such country, to determine the foreign market value on the basis of the trade-weighted average price at which comparable merchandise is sold by a specified eligible market economy country. Provides for determining such foreign market value when there is no eligible market economy producer. Requires the foreign market value of merchandise to be determined from the factors of production incurred in producing such merchandise which shall be valued from the best available evidence in a market economy and to which shall be added an amount for general expenses and profit plus the cost of containers, coverings, and other expenses if: (1) the merchandise under investigation is exported from a nonmarket economy country; (2) the administering authority finds that the foreign market value of the merchandise cannot be accurately determined under the usual method because information provided by such country is not verifiable or is insufficient; and (3) the administering authority determines that the comparable merchandise produced in the eligible market economy country is subject to an antidumping duty order or it has reason to believe that the comparable merchandise is being sold in the United States at less than fair value. Requires the administering authority to make a determination of whether there is reason to believe that comparable merchandise is being sold in the United States at less than fair value whenever there is an allegation in an antidumping duty investigation that such comparable merchandise produced in the eligible market economy country is being sold in the United States at less than fair value. Defines "nonmarket economy country" and "eligible market economy country." Requires the Commissioner of Customs and the ITC to provide the administering authority, upon request, with a copy of all public and proprietary information that they possess that is relevant to dumping proceedings involving merchandise from nonmarket economy countries. Authorizes the administering authority to suspend an antidumping investigation involving a nonmarket economy country if specified conditions are met. Provides that certain producers of raw agricultural products may be considered part of the industry producing processed agricultural products for purposes of bringing countervailing and antidumping duty complaints. Sets forth the criteria such producers must meet. Defines "material injury" for purposes of complaints involving imports of a raw agricultural product and products processed from such raw agricultural product. Classifies a coalition or trade association which represents either processors or processors and producers as interested parties in such investigations. Permits the administering authority to make proprietary information submitted by any party to a countervailing or antidumping duty investigation available under a protective order. Requires the ITC to make such information available under a protective order. Requires persons making submissions to the administering authority or the ITC in antidumping or countervailing duty proceedings to certify that such submissions are accurate and complete to the best of that person's knowledge. Allows the ITC, in making a determination of material injury in an antidumping or countervailing duty case, to consider other economic factors that are relevant to the determination of such injury. Requires the ITC to explain its analysis and the relevance of each factor considered in making its determination. Adds to the factors that the ITC must consider in examining the impact of imports on a domestic industry the actual and potential negative effects on existing efforts of such industry to develop and produce a type of product derived or developed from an earlier type of product. Requires the ITC to evaluate all relevant economic factors within the context of the business cycle and conditions of competition that are distinctive to such industry. Adds to the factors that the ITC must consider in determining whether the threat of material injury exists: (1) the actual and potential negative effects on existing efforts of a domestic industry to develop and produce a type of product derived or developed from an earlier type of product; and (2) in dumping cases, dumping findings in other countries against the same exporter. Requires the ITC in such dumping cases to request information from the foreign exporter or U.S. importer on threat of material injury. Adds to the conditions permitting a foreign exporter to post a bond in lieu of the deposit of estimated antidumping duties in antidumping duty cases: (1) the antidumping duty investigation has not been designated as extraordinarily complicated; (2) the final determination by the administering authority has not been postponed; (3) the person who was sold dumped products provides credible evidence that the amount by which the foreign market value of such products exceed the U.S. price for such products is significantly less than the amount of such excess specified in the administering authority's antidumping duty order; and (4) the foreign market value and U.S. price data apply to sales in the ordinary course of trade and the number of such sales are sufficient to form an adequate basis for comparison by the administering authority. Requires the administering authority, before determining whether to permit the posting of such bond in lieu of the deposit of estimated duties, to: (1) make available all proprietary information supplied to it under protective order to all interested parties; and (2) afford all such parties an opportunity to file comments with respect to the posting of such bond. Subjects merchandise imported by, or for the use of, a U.S. agency to the imposition of countervailing or antidumping duties. Sets forth specified exceptions. Requires the administering authority, with respect to antidumping duty cases, to determine whether a foreign subsidy has been provided to a specific foreign enterprise or industry. Permits the USTR to revoke the status of a foreign country as a country under the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures if such foreign country: (1) announces that it does not intend, or is not able, to honor its obligations with respect to the United States or the Agreement; or (2) does not in fact honor such obligations. Provides that, for purposes of the ITC determining material injury, or threat of material injury with respect to countervailing duty investigations, a reference to the sale of merchandise includes the entering into of any leasing arrangement with regard to such merchandise. (Currently, any leasing arrangement that is equivalent to the sale of the merchandise.) Allows the administering authority to consider the occurrence of different movements in the prices at which different forms of merchandise subject to an antidumping duty order are sold after the issuance of such order in the foreign country markets from which such merchandise is exported as evidence of the establishment of a fictitious market for the merchandise if the movement in such prices appears to reduce the amount by which the foreign market value of such merchandise exceeds the U.S. price of the merchandise. Requires the administering authority, with respect to countervailing duty investigations, to cumulate all subsidies provided to members of any international consortium in determining any countervailing duty upon merchandise that is manufactured by such consortium. Sets forth a provision relating to the calculation by the administering authority of foreign subsidies on certain processed agricultural products in countervailing duty investigations. Prohibits the administering authority, with respect to determining foreign market value of imported merchandise in countervailing and antidumping duty cases from deducting indirect selling expenses from foreign market value in order to offset expenses deducted from an exporter's sale price of such merchandise. Includes "profits" from the sale of merchandise for purposes of determining an exporter's sale price with respect to such cases. Declares that technical publications which: (1) receive duty-free treatment under the Agreement on the Importation of Educational, Scientific and Cultural Material; and (2) are primarily commercial rather than educational in nature, are not exempt from countervailing or antidumping duties. Title IV: Intellectual Property Rights - Subtitle A: Intellectual Property Remedies - Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to make unlawful (and therefore subject to remedies for unfair trade practices) the importation or sale within the United States, if a related industry exists in the United States or is being established, of articles that: (1) infringe a U.S. patent or copyright or are produced by a process covered by a U.S. patent; or (2) infringe a trademark. Makes it unlawful to import a semiconductor chip product in a manner that constitutes infringement of a registered mask work. Sets forth the manner of determining whether a U.S. industry exists. Authorizes the ITC to terminate an investigation into unfair practices in the import trade by issuing a consent order or on the basis of a settlement agreement. Authorizes a complainant to petition the ITC to issue an order for the exclusion of certain articles during an investigation into unfair practices in the import trade. Sets forth the timetable for action by the ITC. Authorizes the ITC to grant preliminary relief with respect to violations involving intellectual property. Provides that the ITC may issue cease and desist orders in addition to or in lieu of exclusionary orders. Increases the penalty for violations of such orders. Requires the ITC to presume the facts alleged in the complaint are true and to issue, upon request, an exclusion from entry or a cease and desist order or both under certain circumstances. Authorizes the ITC to prescribe sanctions for abuse of discovery and abuse of process. Authorizes the ITC to order the forfeiture of an article imported in violation of the import trade unfair practices section if: (1) the importer had previously attempted to import the article; (2) the article was previously denied entry into the United States; and (3) upon such previous denial of entry the Secretary of the Treasury had provided the importer with a specified written notice. Provides that a person who has been previously found to be in violation of the provisions relating to unfair import practices may petition the ITC for a finding that such person is no longer in violation of such provisions or for a modification or rescission of an exclusion. Excludes intellectual property imported by or for the United States from certain exclusion orders. Provides for the protection of the confidentiality of information submitted to the ITC or exchanged among the parties in cases involving unfair import practices. Subtitle B: Access to Technology - Requires the USTR in conjunction with the National Science Foundation to: (1) monitor the transfer of technology between the United States and foreign countries; and (2) report to specified congressional committees annually on such transfers. Requires the Secretary of Commerce (Secretary) to designate a Foreign Commercial Service Officer in a foreign country to monitor and report on the status of the intellectual property system in such country. Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to authorize the President to furnish assistance for programs to aid less developed countries in developing and implementing adequate intellectual property laws and in developing their own indigenous technology. Requires the Secretary to identify the technical assistance needs of such countries. Requires the Secretary to establish the United States Intellectual Property Training Institute which shall train individuals of developing countries in both management and technical skills regarding the protection of intellectual property. Provides for financing the Institute. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should give special attention to securing fair market access for U.S. exports, free from the commercial risk of unfair competition practices and violations of intellectual property rights. Title V: National Security - Amends the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 to grant the Secretary of Commerce (the Secretary) the responsibility for investigating, upon request, the effects of imports on national security. Requires the Secretary to report to the President on such investigation within 180 days of receiving the request that starts the investigation. Requires the Secretary to notify the Secretary of Defense concerning any such investigation. Requires the Secretary of Defense to conduct a separate defense needs assessment of the article affected by such imports. Requires the Secretary of Defense to report to the Secretary on such assessment within three months. Requires the Secretary's report to the President on such investigation to include a statement by the Secretary of Defense concurring or disagreeing with the Secretary's findings and explaining such concurrence or disagreement. Requires any portion of such report to be published if it is not: (1) classified as being clearly detrimental to the national security; and (2) proprietary information. Requires the President to: (1) decide whether or not to take action based on such report within 90 days of receiving it; and (2) explain the decision to take action or not to take action on the report submitted to the President by the Secretary. Sets forth actions the President may take, including, but not limited to, the negotiation of an agreement which limits or restricts the importation into, or the exportation to, the United States of articles that threaten to impair U.S. national security. Authorizes the President to direct the Secretary of the Treasury to: (1) carry out such agreement; and (2) enforce any quantitative limitation or restriction contained in such agreement, including the presentation of valid export licenses by foreign countries as a condition for the entry of products into the United States. Requires the President to take such action as is necessary to adjust such imports in order to protect U.S. national security if: (1) no such agreement is entered into within 270 days after the Secretary's report to the President is due; or (2) such agreement entered into is not being carried out or is ineffective in eliminating the threat to U.S. national security. Title VI: Agreements on Agricultural Trade; Miscellaneous Agricultural Trade Provisions - Sets forth congressional findings and U.S. policy with respect to multilateral agricultural trade negotiations. Declares that in negotiating General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) agricultural provisions, it is the objective of the United States to: (1) increase U.S. agricultural exports by eliminating foreign barriers to trade and reducing or eliminating the subsidization of agricultural production; (2) clarify the GATT rules for agricultural trade; and (3) make GATT a useful tool for resolving questions with respect to export subsidies, market pricing, and market access. Provides for the appointment of Members of Congress to serve as official advisers to U.S. delegations to international conferences and negotiations relating to multilateral agricultural trade agreements under the GATT. Requires the United States Trade Representative (USTR) to keep such advisers informed with respect to U.S. objectives in negotiations relating to agricultural trade agreements. Requires the President to update certain reports relating to tariff and nontariff trade barriers to U.S. wine exports. Requires the Secretary of Agriculture to submit a report to specified congressional committees detailing the impact of the international tariff structure on the U.S. wheat gluten industry. Title VII: Authorization of Appropriations for Trade Agencies - Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to authorize appropriations for FY 1988 to the United States International Trade Commission for necessary expenses. Amends the Customs Procedural Reform and Simplification Act of 1978 to authorize appropriations for FY 1988 to the United States Customs Service for salaries and expenses. Earmarks funds out of such appropriation for: (1) the U.S. Customs Service air interdiction program; (2) rents incurred for the provision of customs services; (3) research; and (4) office reception and representation expenses. Authorizes the Commissioner of Customs for FY 1988 to: (1) purchase no more than 500 motor vehicles; (2) rent passenger motor vehicles; and (3) purchase uniforms for the U.S. Customs Service. Requires the Commissioner to notify specified congressional committees with respect to any action which would: (1) result in a reduction in force of Customs Service employees; (2) result in a reduction in hours of service; (3) eliminate or relocate the office of the U.S. Customs Service; (4) eliminate any port of entry; or (5) reduce the number of Customs Service employees in any office of the Service. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to establish the Advisory Committee on Commercial Operations of the U.S. Customs Service. Directs the Advisory Committee to provide advice to the Secretary of the Treasury with respect to the Commercial operations of the Customs Service and to submit an annual report to specified congressional committees with respect to such operations. Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to authorize appropriations for FY 1988 to the Office of the USTR. Earmarks funds out of such appropriation for a Deputy Director of Japanese Affairs and a Director of Chinese Affairs. Title VIII: Tariff Provisions - Subtitle A: Amendments to the Tariff Schedules of the United States - Part I: Permanent Changes in Tariff Treatment - Amends the Tariff Schedules of the United States to create a new tariff classification to cover imports of certain woven fabrics of man-made fibers. Creates a new tariff classification for, and imposes a duty on, motor fuel blending stocks. Revises special marking requirements for watches and watch components. Excludes the dials of watches and clocks from such requirements. Permits such marking to be done by mold-marking. Deletes the requirement of including information on watch adjustments. Changes the definition of iron and steel slabs to include those exceeding six inches in thickness. Increases the duty on certain gloves by classifying work gloves made of a textile fabric coated with rubber or plastics as gloves of textile material rather than as gloves of rubber or plastics. Provides permanent, duty-free treatment for hatters' fur. Reduces the duty on salted and dried plums. Removes from such Schedules 2,5-Xylidine and 3,4-Xylidine. Imposes a duty on N1,N4,N4-Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-nitro-1,4- phenylenediamine; N1,N4-Dimethyl-N1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-nitro-l,4- phenylenediamine; N1,N4-Dimethyl-N1-(2,3,-dihydroxypropyl)-3-nitro-1,4- phenylenediamine; N1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-3-nitro-1,4-phenylenediamine; and N1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-nitro-1,4-phenylenediamine. Removes from such Schedule L-Phenylalanine and Toluidine carbonate. Imposes a duty on 2-Nitro-5-((2,3-dihydroxy)propoxy)-N-methylaniline; 2-Nitro-5-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-N-methylaniline; 4-((2-Hydroxyethyl)amino)-3-nitrophenol; 4-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)-1,3-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride; and 3-Methoxy-4-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)nitrobenzene. Amends the definition of "complete" as used to describe television receivers to mean a television receiver fully assembled in its cabinet (currently, assembled). Provides that picture tubes imported in combination with, or incorporated into, other articles are to be classified in specified tariff schedules, unless they are: (1) incorporated into complete television receivers; (2) incorporated into fully assembled units; (3) put up in kits containing all the parts necessary for assembly into complete television receivers; or (4) put up in kits containing all the parts necessary for assembly into fully assembled units. Places a duty on specified television picture tubes through October 31, 1987. Provides for duty-free treatment of color television picture tubes of a specified sizes through December 31, 1990, and September 30, 1988. Reclassifies and imposes a duty on casein, caseinates, and milk protein concentrate for human food and animal feed use. Defines plywood and wood veneer panels to include an edge which has been tongued, grooved, lapped, or otherwise worked. Excludes plywood, wood veneer panels, or cellular panels from building boards. Part II: Temporary Changes in Tariff Treatment -Suspends through December 31, 1990, the tariff on: (1) color couplers and coupler intermediates; (2) specified chemicals; (3) carding and spinning machines specially designed for wool; (4) silk yarn; (5) parts of indirect process electrostatic copying machines; (6) certain plastic sheeting; (7) doll wig yarns; (8) jacquard cards and jacquard heads; (9) tungsten ore; and (10) certain stuffed toy figures. Suspends through October 31, 1992, the tariff on: (1) certain knitwear fabricated in Guam; and (2) specified chemicals. Suspends through December 31, 1987, the tariff on extracorporeal shock wave lithotripters imported by nonprofit institutions. Provides for a temporary reduction of duties on glass inners for vacuum vessels. Suspends through December 31, 1989, the Tariff on kitchenware of transparent, nonglazed glass ceramics. Suspends through December 31, 1990, the tariff on: (1) double cylinder hosiery machinery; (2) latch needles and needles for knitting machines; (3) certain bicycle parts; (4) frozen cranberries; (5) specified chemicals; and (6) power-driven weaving machines for fabrics more than 16 feet in width. Extends through December 31, 1990, the suspension of duties on: (1) mixtures of mashed or macerated hot red peppers and salt; (2) cantaloupes; (3) certain wools; (4) needlecraft display models; (5) specified chemicals; (6) certain clock radios; (7) machines designed for heat-set, stretch texturing of continuous man-made fibers; (8) single cylinder and Jacquard hosiery knitting machines; (9) double-headed latch needles; (10) certain small toys; (11) stuffed dolls, certain toy figures, and skins thereof; (12) umbrella frames; (13) crude feathers and down; (14) menthol feedstocks; (15) natural graphite; (16) narrow weaving machines; (17) certain lace-braiding machines; (18) certain hovercraft skirts; and (19) surgical gowns. Part III: Effective Dates - Sets forth effective dates for amendments made by this subtitle. Subtitle B: Miscellaneous Provisions - Allows specified articles to be imported duty free for use in construction of the telescope for the W.M. Keck Observatory Project in Mauna Kea, Hawaii. Provides that the entry of certain transistors between March 1, 1985, and November 6, 1986, will be liquidated or reliquidated as if the entry had occurred on November 6, 1986, if a proper request is filed within 90 days after enactment of this Act. Allows a drawback for raw cane sugar imported after October 31, 1977, and before April 1, 1985, if the export of refined cane sugar or of products manufactured from refined cane sugar occurs before October 1, 1991. Requires the Secretary of Agriculture and the Commissioner of Customs to report to specified House and Senate committees by June 30, 1988, on circumvention of the United States sugar quota through the importation of refined sugar in the form of blended products. Amends the Tax Reform Act of 1986 to accord duty-free treatment to certain ethyl alcohol mixtures produced in insular possessions of the United States. Provides that the treatment of ethyl alcohol as an indigenous product of an insular possession shall not apply to ethyl alcohol dehydrated in specified Virgin Islands facilities. Provides for the reliquidation, without liability of the importer of record for antidumping duties, of specified entries. Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to reliquidate, as duty-free, four specified entries covering tubular tin products, if a certificate of actual use for the products is submitted to the U.S. Customs Service at the port of entry within 120 days of enactment of this Act. Expresses the sense of the Senate that the prohibition on importing furskins from the Soviet Union should remain in effect. Extends through December 31, 1990, the suspension of duties on: (1) sulfathiazole; (2) acetylsulfaguanidine; (3) sulfamethazine; (4) sulfaguanidine; (5) sulfaquinoxaline and sulfanilamide; and (6) iron-dextron complex. Provides that the entry for consumption in October 1986 of any extracorporeal shock wave lithotripter exclusively for use in Hawaii shall be free of duty. Requires an appropriate refund. Title IX: Miscellaneous Trade Provisions - Subtitle A: Telecommunications Trade - Telecommunications Trade Act of 1987 - Directs the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR), within six months of enactment of this Act, to: (1) identify and analyze all acts, policies, and practices in the markets of foreign countries that deny to U.S. telecommunications firms competitive opportunities that are substantially equivalent to the competitive opportunities available to foreign companies in U.S. markets; and (2) determine which of such acts, policies, or practices denies trade agreement benefits to the United States, is unjustifiable and burdens or restricts U.S. commerce, or otherwise has the effect of nullifying or impairing any benefit to the United States under any agreement or impeding attainment of any objective of any agreement to which the United States is a party. Sets forth factors to be considered in making such analysis and determination. Authorizes the USTR to exclude a country from investigation if the USTR determines that the potential market in such country for U.S. telecommunications products and services is not substantial. Requires the USTR to report to the Congress within six months of enactment of this Act on such analysis and determinations. Directs the President to begin negotiations with those countries which deny U.S. telecommunications firms substantially equivalent competitive opportunities to enter into trade agreements which provide such opportunities to U.S. telecommunications firms. Sets forth the objectives of the negotiations. Directs the President, if unable to enter into such an agreement to take, within two years of enactment of this Act, whatever actions within certain limits are necessary to achieve such objectives. Directs the President to take those actions which most directly affect trade in telecommunications products and services with the country concerned. Sets forth the actions the President is authorized to take in such circumstances. Directs the USTR, if a country does engage in unfair trade practices, to take whatever actions within certain limits are necessary to fully offset such acts, policies, and practices, and to restore the balance of concessions between the United States and such foreign country. Requires the USTR to review annually the extent to which a foreign country's policies meet the negotiating objectives achieved by trade agreements. Directs the USTR to take specified actions if the foreign country is not in compliance with such trade agreement or has adopted an unfair trade act, policy, or practice. Sets forth the actions the USTR is authorized to take. Directs the President and the USTR to consult with the Secretary of Commerce, the Federal Communications Commission, and a specified interagency trade organization to determine appropriate actions against foreign countries. Directs the USTR to provide the opportunity for presentations of views by interested parties for purposes of identifying the objectives of trade negotiations and determining appropriate actions against foreign countries. Directs the President to keep the Congress informed of: (1) the negotiating priorities and objectives for each country involved; (2) the assessment of negotiating prospects; and (3) any U.S. concessions which might be included in negotiations to achieve such objectives. Authorizes the President, during the three years following enactment of this Act, to enter into trade agreements which meet specified objectives with foreign countries which provide for: (1) the harmonization, reduction, or elimination of duties or restrictions, barriers, or other distortions to international trade; or (2) the prohibition of or limitations on the imposition of duties or restrictions, barriers, or other distortions to international trade. Authorizes the President to enter into trade agreements with a foreign country to grant concessions as compensation in order to maintain the general level of reciprocal and mutually advantageous concessions if: (1) the President has taken action because no trade agreement could be reached under this Act; and (2) the USTR is not required to take action against such country under this Act. Authorizes the importation of a product that is subject to registration or approval by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) only if: (1) such product conforms with all applicable FCC regulations; and (2) the information which is required on a specified FCC form is provided to the appropriate customs officer at the time of entry into the United States. Directs the FCC, the Secretary of Commerce, and the USTR to provide enforcement assistance to the Secretary of the Treasury upon request. Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to provide the Congress with information on such imports at least twice a year. Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to include within the definition of service sector access authorization any authorization that permits access to the U.S. market to a foreign supplier of goods related to a service. Directs the Secretary of Commerce to report to the Congress at least once every two years on the impact of U.S. domestic policies and practices on the growth and international competitiveness of the U.S. telecommunications industry. Subtitle B: Customs Provisions - Allows a duty-free sales enterprise to be located anywhere within: (1) the port of entry from which purchasers of duty-free merchandise depart the customs territory; and (2) 25 statute miles from the exit point where purchasers of duty-free merchandise depart the customs territory. Requires each duty-free enterprise to: (1) establish procedures for reasonable assurance that duty-free merchandise will be exported; (2) enforce guidelines that the merchandise sold will be for personal use if the enterprise is in an airport; (3) display notices stating that duty-free merchandise has not been subject to any Federal duty or tax, must be declared and is subject to Federal duty and tax if brought back to the customs territory, and is subject to the customs laws and regulation of any foreign country to which it is taken; (4) place the merchandise in a duty-free sales enterprise before it is unpacked into saleable units; and (5) deliver duty-free merchandise to the purchaser in an airport, at the exit point of a specific departing flight, within the aircraft on which the purchaser will depart, or by any other reasonable method if the duty-free enterprise is an airport store or to a location beyond the exit point or any location approved by the Secretary before the passage of this Act if the enterprise is a border store. Prohibits the transfer of merchandise for a duty-free enterprise to or through such a facility unless the operator demonstrates to the Secretary of the Treasury that he has obtained any concession or approval required by State or local authorities. Allows the sale of merchandise other than duty-free merchandise, providing it has not been stored in a bonded warehouse facility other than a bonded facility used for retail sales. Removes the exemption from duty if merchandise bought at a duty-free sales enterprise is brought back to the customs territory. Requires the Secretary to establish by regulation a separate class of bonded warehouses for duty-free sales enterprises. Extends through October 1, 1989, the International Coffee Agreement Act of 1980. Requires customs officers who seize imported pornography to transmit information about it to the United States Attorney of the district of either: (1) the office at which the seizure took place; or (2) the place to which the book or other matter is addressed. Requires the United States Attorney to institute proceedings for the forfeiture, confiscation, and destruction of the book or matter seized. Increases the period for instituting judicial proceedings for the forfeiture of seized pornography imports to 30 days (from 14 days). Authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to pay out of the Customs User Fee Account all salaries and expenses of the United States Customs Service that are incurred in conducting commercial operations. Limits the authority to make these payments to the dollar amounts provided in appropriations laws but excludes from this restriction payments for expenses in providing overtime customs inspectional services. Provides for a fee for the processing of merchandise that is formally entered or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption during any fiscal year beginning after September 30, 1988. Prohibits the charging of fees for customs services related to any merchandise used in the boundaries of the International Peace Garden between North Dakota and Manitoba, Canada. Provides that certain articles which are returned to the United States after having been exported are subject to a merchandise fee. Prohibits the following imports from the Soviet Union produced by convict or forced labor: (1) gold ore; (2) agriculture machinery; (3) tractor generators; (4) tea; (5) crude petroleum; (6) motor fuel; and (7) kerosene. Allows imports of such articles if the President certifies that: (1) such article is not produced with convict labor, forced labor, or indentured labor; and (2) such prohibition directly affects the United States' national security interests. Provides that in ascertaining tare on imports of crude oil and on imports of petroleum products an allowance will be made for all detectable moisture and impurities. Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to allow the President to designate for duty free treatment watches entered after June 30, 1989, which the President specifically determines will not cause material injury to watch or watch band, strap, or bracelet manufacturing and assembly operations in the United States or the U.S. insular possessions. Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to require the Secretary of the Treasury to publish guidelines establishing standards for setting the terms and conditions for cancellation of bonds or charges. Requires containers of imported preserved mushrooms to indicate in English the country in which they were grown. Amends the Trade and Tariff Act of 1984 to specify that the Pontiac/Oakland Michigan airport will become a reimbursable customs port. Prohibits the granting of most-favored-nation treatment to the products of Romania during the six months beginning with the date of enactment of this Act. Allows the products of Romania to receive most-favored-nation treatment during any rights review period if: (1) no later than the 30th day before the close of the immediately preceding rights review period the President submits to the House and Senate a determination that most-favored-nation treatment would promote the objectives of this Act and a statement that the President has received assurances that the polices of the Romanian government will lead to the achievement of such objectives; and (2) a joint resolution disapproving such application is not enacted before the close of the rights review period. Requires the President to consult with certain House and Senate committees on the International Convention on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (Convention) before the document is submitted to the Congress. Requires the President to notify the Congress of his intention to submit such Convention and to transmit a copy of the final legal text to the Congress within specified periods. Provides that any Convention implementing bill will be: (1) introduced by the majority leader of each House; (2) referred to specified committees; (3) treated as an implementing revenue bill; and (4) considered an exercise of the rulemaking power of the House and Senate. Provides that Native-American style jewelry and Native-American style arts and crafts will be considered to be in compliance with the Tariff Act of 1930 only if the English name of the country of origin is indelibly marked in a conspicuous place. Allows any interested party whose business or property is injured by any act of fraud or gross negligence to bring a civil action in the United States Court of International Trade against any person committing, conspiring to commit or knowingly participating in the commitment of such fraudulent or grossly negligent act. Provides that for acts of fraud the interested party shall have the burden of proof to establish such by clear and convincing evidence and if the act is gross negligence the interested party shall have the burdent of proof to establish such by the preponderance of the evidence. Provides that upon proof of damages caused by a fraudulent or grossly negligent act the interested party shall recover: (1) damages for the injuries sustained including the gross margin on sales of a like or competing product that lost and the impact of such merchandise on the market price for a like or competing product; and (2) the costs of the suit, including reasonable attorney's fees. Subtitle C: Administrative Procedures for Noncontroversial Tariff Suspensions - Provides that a petition to suspend duties on an article may be filed with the International Trade Commission (ITC) by any person who: (1) uses such article in the production of a product in the United States; (2) imports such article into the United States; and (3) distributes such article in the United States. Provides that a petition to reinstate duties on an article may be filed with the ITC by any person who produces in the United States: (1) any article for which duties imposed by Federal law are suspended by action of the President; (2) any other like article; or (3) any other article which is like, or directly competitive with a product that is produced in the United States by means of a process which uses such article as a significant raw material or component. Requires the ITC, if it determines the petition contains sufficient information to justify an investigation, to: (1) transmit a copy of the petition to the USTR; (2) initiate an investigation of the suspension or reinstatement of duties requested; and (3) publish in the Federal Register notice of the initiation of such investigation and the opportunity for public comment. Allows the President or the ITC to initiate an investigation of the reinstatement of any duties. Requires the ITC, if it determines the petition cotains sufficient information to justify an investigation, to determine: (1) whether the article that is the subject of the petition is produced in the United States; (2) whether any other article which is like, or directly competitive with, such article is produced in the United States; (3) whether any other article is produced in the United States which is like, or directly competitive with, a product that is produced in the United States by means of a process which uses (or could use) such article as a significant raw material or component; (4) whether any person has the capacity and the bona fide intent to produce such article in the United States in significant quantities; (5) whether any person who produces in the United States such article, any other like article or any other article or has the capacity and bona fide intent to produce such article would be (or is being) adversely affected by a suspension of the duties; (6) whether any person described in (4) or any person who produces in the United States such article, any other like article or any other article is produced in the United States which is like, or directly competitive with, a product that is produced in the United by means of a process which uses (or could use) such article as a significant raw material or component; (7) whether any quotas or other import restrictions are imposed by Federal law on such article; (8) whether any international agreements to which the United States is a party affect trade in such article; (9) whether such article is or has been the subject of any investigation under certain provisions of the Tariff Act of 1930, the Trade Act of 1974, or the Trade Expansion Act of 1962; (10) the aggregate value of such articles imported into the United States during the calendar year preceding the calendar year in which such determination is made; (11) the aggregate value of such articles consumed in the United States during the calendar year preceding the calendar year in which such determination is made; (12) the principal uses of such article in the United States; (13) the duties that are imposed by Federal law on such articles; and (14) the aggregate amount of Federal revenue derived from the duties imposed by Federal law on such article during the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which such determination is made. Requires the ITC, during the course of any investigation, to provide an opportunity for any person to submit written statements and, upon request and after reasonable public notice, to hold a hearing for the oral presentation of views. Requires the ITC, within 75 days after an investigation is initiated, to: (1) complete a preliminary report; (2) publish a summary of the preliminary report in the Federal Register; (3) provide a copy of the preliminary report to the petitioner; and (4) make the preliminary report available for public inspection. Requires the ITC to submit a final report on the investigation to the President within 30 days after a summary of the preliminary report is published in the Federal Register. Authorizes the President to suspend all duties imposed by Federal law on such article if certain determinations are made. Authorizes the President, in determining whether to issue a proclamation, to consider: (1) the effect of a proclamation on the United States' bargaining position in negotiations with any foreign country; (2) foreign policy considerations; and (3) other appropriate factors. Requires the President, if he does not issue a proclamation with respect to any article that is the subject of a report, to publish in the Federal Register the reasons why he has declined to do so. Limits to three years the suspension of duties resulting from a proclamation issued by the President. Allows extensions limited to three years per proclamation. Requires the President, within 30 days after the ITC submits a final report on reinstatement of duties on an article that have been suspended by a proclamation, to: (1) determine if any person who produces in the United States such article, any like article, or any article that is directly competitive with a product that is produced in the United States by means of a process which uses such article as a significant raw material or component, is being adversely affected by such suspension; and (2) issue a proclamation, if the determination is affirmative, that reinstates the duties in effect before the suspension. Requires the President to publish any negative determination in the Federal Register. Provides that any determination made by the President is not reviewable in any court. Authorizes the President to establish an annual deadline for filing petitions and a schedule for taking other actions. Subtitle D: Miscellaneous - Amends the Trade and Tariff Act of 1984 to require the USTR to request the inclusion of restraints on welded steel wire fence panels, wire fabric, and welded steel wire mesh for concrete reinforcement in the coverage of each bilateral agreement. Provides that if any country refuses to so expand the coverage of its bilateral arrangement that: (1) neither the President nor any other officer of the United States shall have the authority to agree to any request from such foreign country for any technical adjustment, exception, or modification to the bilateral agreement; and (2) the President, if appropriate, shall require entry-by-entry certification of compliance with the bilateral arrangement. Amends the Tariff Schedules of the United States to lower the duty on: (1) the first 3,000 metric tons of anchovies entered in any calendar year; (2) cheeses made from sheep's milk and pecorino in original loaves; and (3) satsuma oranges. Imposes a duty on certain types of olives and lowers the duty on the first 730 metric tons of olives entered in a calendar year. Reduces the duty on certain types of stuffed olives and on the first 550 metric tons of olives otherwise prepared or preserved entered in any calendar year. Reduces the duty on capers, paprika, cider, and olive oil, and imposes a duty equivalent to the amount of the European Communities export refund on pasta exported to the United States for certain types of pastas. Provides that these duties will begin on July 15, 1987, and end when the USTR certifies that the United States and the European Communities have concluded an agreement that eliminates or offsets the export refunds of the European Communities on pasta. Expresses the sense of Congress of strongly supporting efforts of United States negotiators to expand significantly the opportunities for United States automotive parts producers to supply parts for Japanese automobiles. Requires the USTR and the Secretary of Commerce to report to the Congress at the conclusion of the market-oriented sector specific negotiations ("MOSS") on the outcome of the negotiations and on any agreements reached with Japan. Expresses the sense of Congress that the corporate, legal, labor, and academic communities should pursue establishment of an independent organization to provide pro bono legal assistance to small businesses in cases involving foreign unfair trade practices and that this organization should: (1) develop an outreach program to inform small businesses of remedies available under United States trade laws; and (2) provide pro bono legal assistance to small businesses. Repeals the Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Materials Importation Act of 1982. Amends the Tariff Schedules of the United States to exempt from duty the following items: (1) catalogs of films, recordings, or other visual and auditory material of an educational, scientific, or cultural character; (2) architectural, engineering, industrial, or commercial drawings and plans, whether originals or reproductions; (3) loose illustrations, reproduction proofs or reproduction films used for the production of books; (4) microfilm, microfiches, and similar film media of printed matter issued by literary or scientific institutions, books with the exception of Bibles and prayer books, newspapers, periodicals, tourist and other literature containing geographic, historical, hotel, or similar information, and manuscripts; (5) puzzles, game, sport, gymnastic, athletic, or playground equipment; (6) microfilm, microfiches, or similar film media of crossword puzzle books and toy books; and (7) microfilm, microfiches, or similar film media of official Government publications and documents. Provides that no article of developed photographic film may be exempted from duty unless: (1) a Federal agency designated by the President determines that such article is visual or auditory material of an educational, scientific, or cultural character; or (2) such article is imported by, or certified by the importer to be for the use of, any public or private institution or association approved as educational, scientific, or cultural by a Federal agency designated by the President and is certified by the importer to be visual or auditory material of an educational, scientific, or cultural character or to have been produced by the United Nations. Provides that if the President determines that there is or may be profitmaking exhibition or use of developed photographic film which interferes significantly with domestic production of similar articles he may prescribe regulations imposing restrictions on the entry of that item to insure its use only for nonprofitmaking activities. Provides that the exemption from duty for holograms for laser projection, motion-picture films, sound records and patterns and wall charts will apply only if such items are: (1) imported by, or certified by the importer to be for the use of, educational, scientific, or cultural institutions certified by a Federal agency; and (2) certified by the importer to be of an educational, scientific, or cultural character or to have been produced by the United Nations. Amends the Tariff Schedules of the Untied States to exempt from duty: (1) holograms for laser projection; (2) motion picture film; (3) sound recordings; (4) patterns and wall charts; (5) tools specially designed to be used for the maintenance, checking, gauging, or repair of scientific instruments; and (6) articles specially designed or adapted for the use or benefit of the blind or other physically or mentally handicapped persons. Removes toy models from the exemption from duty. Authorizes the President to restrict the duty-free treatment accorded to tools for scientific instruments or apparatus or articles for the blind and for other handicapped persons if the duty-free treatment has significant adverse impact on a domestic industry manufacturing or producing a like or directly competitive article and the effect of such change is consistent with the provisions of the relevant annexes of the Florence Agreement or the Nairobi Protocol. Provides that if the President proclaims changes to the Tariff Schedules of the United States to limit duty-free treatments the rate of duty thereafter applicable shall be ther rate determined by the President as the rate which would then be applicable to such article from such source if the duty-free treatment had not been enacted. Allows the President to resume duty-free treatment if he determines it could be restored without significant adverse impact on a domestic industry or portion thereof. Requires the President, before limiting or resuming duty-free treatment, to afford an opportunity for interested Government agencies and private persons to present their views concerning the proposed action. Authorizes the President to remove or modify any condition or restriction imposed for visual or auditory material to implement the Nairobi Protocol. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Commerce to obtain statistical information with respect to printed matter. Limits the aggregate quantity of lamb articles entered in any calendar year to 24,540,000 pounds, providing this quantity shall be adjusted the same percentage that the estimated average annual domestic commercial production of lamb articles in that calendar year and the two preceding calendar years bears to a specified earlier period. Sets forth limitations on lamb imports. Allows the Secretary to allocate the total quantity of limitations and any increase in lamb articles entered among supplying countries on the basis of the shares of the United States market for lamb articles such countries supplied during a representative. Makes all determinations by the President and the Secretary of the Treasury final. Expresses the sense of the Congress that efforts should be undertaken to reduce trade barriers and promote trade between the United States and developing countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Requires the Comptroller General to conduct a study to determine which restrictions affect the importation of U.S. products to such countries and to report the results to the Congress. Sets forth provisions relating to the promotion of economic and political stability in the Caribbean and Central America. Requires the President to take steps, including the exercise of U.S. rights under international treaties, to negotiate trade agreements with countries which annually export 50,000 or more automobiles to the United States to eliminate unfair trade practices in the marine transportation of such import. Amends the Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act to terminate duty-free treatment to beneficiary countries 12 years after enactment of the Omnibus Trade Act of 1987. Requires the Director of the Census to conduct a study to determine the feasibility of developing an index that measures the monthly volume of merchandise trade and which would be reported simultaneously with the U.S. balance of trade. Requires the Director to submit a report on such study to specified congressional committees. Requires the Secretary of State to identify those countries that repeatedly support international terrorism. Requires the Secretary of State to annually submit a list of such countries to the Congress. Requires the President to terminate most-favored-nation treatment and benefits under the General System of Preferences and the Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act to countries that support terrorism. Provides a waiver of such termination if the President determines it to be in the best interests of the United States. Authorizes the President to prohibit imports from, or exports to, Afghanistan. Directs the USTR and the Secretary of the Treasury to annually submit to specified congressional committees a report concerning the impact of foreign trade barriers and macroeconomic factors on the U.S. balance of trade. Suspends, for a six month period, most-favored-nation and Generalized System of Preferences treatment to Angolan products. Provides such products may receive such treatment if: (1) the President submits a document containing a determination that Angola has made efforts to recognized human rights, hold free elections, and provide for the withdrawal of Cuban and Soviet troops; and (2) a joint resolution disapproving such treatment is enacted. Denies certain tariff preferences to Angolan products. Requires the USTR to investigate and report to the Congress with respect to foreign trade barriers to exports of U.S. automobilies and the impact of such barriers on diverting automobile imports into the United States. Requires such report to consider the impact of such barriers in the presence or absence of voluntary restraint agreements between the United States and Japan. Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to conduct the study of the source rules for sales of inventory property under the Tax Reform Act of 1986. Sets forth congressional findings with respect to the Iran-Iraq War. Prohibits the importation of Iranian products if specified actions are taken by Iran. Prohibits the importation of products from any Persian Gulf state that attacks U.S. vessels or personnel in the Persian Gulf region. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the Administration should persuade nations from providing weaponry to any belligerent nation in such region. Fair Trade in Auto Parts Act of 1987 - Requires the Secretary of Commerce to establish an initiative increase the sale of U.S.-made auto parts to Japanese markets. Sets forth specified actions the Secretary should take to achieve such increase in sales. Directs the Secretary to establish a Special Advisory Committee. Sets forth the functions of the Committee, including to: (1) report to the Secretary on Japanese barriers to sales of U.S. auto parts in Japanese markets; (2) advise the Secretary during consultation with Japan on issues concerning such sales; and (3) report to the Congress on the progress of such U.S. sales to Japan. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to submit to the Congress a report on a study regarding the new market orientation of China. Declares such study should address, but not be limited to: (1) the effect of the new orientation of Chinese market policies and price structure; (2) the extent to which U.S. trade practices can accomodate the increased market orientation of the Chinese economy; and (3) the need for changes in U.S. antidumping laws as they apply to China. Expresses the sense of the Congress that: (1) Korea should fulfill its obligations under the General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and permit access to its markets by U.S. beef producers; (2) the USTR should enter into negotiations to gain such access to Korean markets; and (3) such negotiations should address the Korean tariffs on U.S. beef imports. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the United States should press Japan to remove trade barriers, including Japanese beef quotas, that restrict U.S. beef exports by March 31, 1988. Directs the Secretary of Commerce to study the effects on small business of extending the GATT to include intellectual property rights, services, agriculture, aquaculture and agribusiness. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the United States and Mexico should enter into a bilateral agreement to provide a framework for bilateral trade and investment. Requires U.S. trade information collected by the Secretary of Commerce to be adjusted for inflation and deflation. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should negotiate reductions in duties imposed by foreign countries on U.S. liquor-filled chocolate to the levels levied on such products by the United States. Amends the Internal Revenue Code to repeal the windfall profit tax on crude oil. Expresses the sense of the Senate with respect to the negotiation of an agreement for increased imports of U.S. coal by Japan. Title X: Export Administration Act Amendments - Amends the Export Administration Act of 1979 to exclude China from the definition of "controlled country" for purposes of such Act. Requires the Secretary of Commerce (Secretary) to grant a general license (except none required for supercomputers) for exports to qualified foreign parties that the Secretary has certified as having a high expectation of being reliable end users. Defines qualified foreign parties to include Government entities from countries that have agreed to maintain export controls. Prohibits any fee from being charged in connection with the submission or processing of an export license application. Declares that a general license may be required under the national security export control provisions for the export of goods or technology to a country which maintains export controls on such goods or technology cooperatively with the United States pursuant to the agreement of the Coordinating Committee, (Committee) or a specified international agreement, which, were they exported to China on May 6, 1987, would require only notification to the participating governments of the Committee. Authorizes notification to the Secretary of such exports. Authorizes the Secretary to require a person exporting highly critical goods or technology to notify the Secretary two business days prior to export. Authorizes the Secretary to require a license for the export of such goods or technology to: (1) consignees; and (2) consignees in a country that is believed to be engaging in a practice of noncompliance with the Committee agreement. Prohibits requiring permission to export to any country other than a controlled country of any goods or technology if the export of such goods or technology requires only notification of the participating government of the Committee. Authorizes notification to the Secretary of such exports. Declares that no permission to reexport any goods, technologies, or services subject to U.S. jurisdiction may be required: (1) for shipment to a consignee in any country which maintains export controls pursuant to a specified international agreement (except for certain highly critical goods, technologies, or services that are unilaterally controllable by the United States); (2) for such goods or technology which, were they exported to China on May 6, 1987, would require only notification to the Committee to such consignee if the Secretary believes that such country is engaging in a practice of noncompliance with the Committee agreement; or (3) from any country in which the goods, technologies, or services to be reexported are incorporated in other products and no license is required for the export of either the incorporated material or the products into which they are incorporated, the value of the U.S. content of such products is 20 percent or less, or the goods are normal and usual replacements for U.S. origin components in a legally exported foreign made product and do not exceed the value of the U.S. content in the product. Requires the reexporter to transmit notice to the Secretary two business days prior to the export of highly critical goods or technology. Requires the President to resolve any disputes with respect to the placement of goods and technology on the Commodity Control List (list of goods and technology subject to export controls). Requires the Secretary to use data developed from his annual review of the Commodity Control List (CCL) in formulating U.S. proposals relating to multilateral controls imposed by the Committee. Sets forth specified responsibilities of the Secretary with respect to such CCL. Directs the Secretary to eliminate, except for controls on goods or technology in which foreign availability does not exist or which the United States is negotiating multilateral cooperation, items unilaterally controlled by the United States. Sets forth provisions relating to the review by the Secretary of certain controlled exports to China that have not been reviewed by him within the previous two years. Declares that applications for a license for exports to China of goods and technology controlled under the CCL for exhibition at a trade show shall carry a presumption of approval if the exhibitor adheres to specified conditions. Imposes a timetable for responses by the Secretary to allegations of foreign availability by export license applicants. Requires the Secretary to publish any assessment of such foreign availability. Requires the President to notify specified congressional committees when he has begun negotiations to eliminate the foreign availability of controlled items and why he believes it is important to the national security that such controls be maintained. Requires the Secretary to conduct annual reviews of the performance level of goods or technology below which: (1) exports to China require only notification of participating governments; and (2) no permission may be required to a country which maintains export controls on such goods or technology cooperatively with the United States pursuant to the agreement of the Committee or a specified international agreement. Includes as an objective with respect to presidential negotiations with participating governments of the Committee the agreement to enhance cooperation among such governments of the Committee in obtaining the agreement of governments outside of the Committee to restrict the export of goods and technology on the International Control List (ICL), to establish mechanisms to coordinate implementation of export control measures related to such agreements, and to remove items from the ICL if such items continue to be available to controlled countries or no longer serves the Committee's objectives. Prohibits export controls from being imposed on a good solely on the basis that such good contains controlled parts if specified conditions exist. Prohibits the Secretary, unless the President determines that the absence of export controls would be detrimental to national security, from requiring a validated export license for the export of goods or technology that the Secretary has determined are available in fact from sources outside the United States if the goods or technology do not exceed the technical parameters of those available from sources outside the United States to any country to which the source country does not place controls on such exports. Sets forth the procedures for obtaining a license for the export of such goods or technology. Imposes a timetable for responses by the Secretary to allegations of West-West foreign availability. Declares that foreign availability will be deemed to exist and the Secretary will be prohibited from requiring a license for the export of such goods or technology if such responses are not made within a specified time. Provides for interagency cooperation in determinations of foreign availability. Requires the President to pursue negotiations with the appropriate countries for the elimination of foreign availability in cases where export controls are maintained. Declares that the President, before imposing export controls for foreign policy reasons, should choose diplomatic alternatives to export controls which offer opportunities of distinguishing the United States from, and expressing U.S. displeasure with, specific actions of foreign nations. Prohibits controls on the export of U.S. petroleum products, unless the President determines such controls are necessary. Requires the Secretary to approve or deny a request for a license to export controlled goods or technology whenever the Secretary of Defense fails, within 20 days of receiving notification of such request, to make specified recommendations and notifications to the President and Secretary. Permits non-U.S. citizens who violate the export control laws of a country to be debarred from contracting with any Federal agency for a five period not to exceed five years. Provides for judicial review of civil penalties imposed by the Secretary and of orders by the Secretary that temporarily deny a person export privileges. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 and 1989 to the Department of Commerce for the functions of the Under Secretary of Commerce for Export Administration. Multilateral Export Control Sanctions Act of 1987 - Requires the President to impose trade sanctions, for a period not less than two years and not more than five years, against Toshiba Corporation and Kongsberg Vaapenfabrik. Sets forth specified exceptions to such sanctions. Authorizes the President to limit the scope of sanctions against foreign companies that violate Committee regulations. Requires the President to report to the Congress with respect to sanctions applied against Toshiba Corporation and Kongsberg Vaapenfabrik. Requires the President, for a specified period, to impose trade sanctions, and to notify the Congress of such action, in cases where: (1) a foreign person has violated the export control laws of a member country of the Committee; and (2) such violation has resulted in the enhancement of Soviet and East bloc weapon technology. Sets forth specified exceptions and limitations with respect to such sanctions. Sets forth provisions relating to the President's discretion in imposing such sanctions. Requires the President to annually submit a report to the Congress estimating the additional U.S. defense expenditures arising from illegal technology transfers. Requires the President to seek, in negotiations with members of the Committee and with other countries, improved cooperation with U.S. national security export control efforts. Sets forth provisions relating to compensation from foreign companies or individuals who divert critical U.S. technology to controlled countries. Provides for the recovery of civil damages for national security violations. Title XI: Export Trading Company Amendments - Amends the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 to redefine "export trading company" to require that at least one-third of a company's total revenues be derived from exporting goods or services or from providing export trade services. Declares that nothing in this Act authorizes a bank holding company to own or acquire an interest in an export trading company which engages in the underwriting, selling, or distributing of securities or insurance. Prohibits the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System from disapproving a proposed investment solely because of the proposed assets-to-equity ratio of an export trading company unless such ratio is greater than 20-to-one. Prohibits the Board from imposing a dollar limit on the amount of goods an export trading company may maintain in inventory, except under specified circumstances (such as such action being found necessary to prevent unduly burdensome risks being borne by the investor bank holding company). Amends the Export Trading Company Act of 1982 to require the Office of Export Trade within the Department of Commerce to establish a program to assist in the operation of export intermediaries including existing and newly formed export management companies. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to submit a report to the Congress on Department of Commerce activities to promote the formation of new and the operation of existing and new export promotion intermediaries including export management companies, export trade associations, and export trading companies. Amends the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 to provide that, for purposes of determining "substantial injury" with respect to certain Export-Import Bank determinations, the extension of credit or guarantee by the Bank will cause substantial injury if the amount of the capacity for production established, or the amount of the increase in such capacity expanded, by such credit or guarantee equals or exceeds one percent of U.S. production. Amends the Export Trading Company Act of 1982 to require an applicant for a certificate of review (authorizing the applicant to engage in export trade activities) to state in such application the members seeking export trade protection under the certificate. Defines "applicant" for purposes of the issuance of such certificates. Requires a certificate of review to be issued to any applicant that establishes that its specific export trade activities and methods of operation will not result in a substantial lessening of competition or restraint of trade within the United States. Revises provisions relating to the admissibility of evidence in a proceeding requested because the Secretary has denied an application to issue a certificate of review. Protects any member named in an issued certificate of review from a civil or criminal action brought under the antitrust laws. Revises the definition of "export trade" and defines the term "member" under the Export Trading Company Act of 1982 to mean any entity or person that is seeking protection under the certificate application. Title XII: Export Promotion - Requires the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Commerce to review the number of U.S. diplomatic personnel who are engaged in commercial duties to assist U.S. exporters and businesses doing business outside the United States. Requires such Secretaries to increase the number of such personnel upon a determination that such number is insufficient to carry out such duties. Requires each chief of a U.S. diplomatic mission to a country which is a major U.S. trading partner to transmit to the President and the Congress a report describing: (1) the strategy used by such mission to expand U.S. exports; and (2) the efforts of such mission to assist U.S. industries in expanding export sales. Expresses the sense of the Congress that, in order to promote procurement opportunities fror U.S. firms, each U.S. executive director to a multilateral development bank should: (1) keep U.S. firms informed of bidding opportunities in foreign countries; (2) help such firms complete and submit bidding documents; (3) investigate complaints about the awarding of contracts; and (4) ensure that contract procedures are observed. Expresses the sense of the Congress that a Foreign Commercial Officer should be assigned to each U.S. executive director to assist in promoting opportunities for procurement of U.S. goods or services. Directs the Secretary of Commerce to develop and maintain an export promotion data system to provide trade information to U.S. firms. Requires the Secretary Commerce to designate an office of the International Trade Administration to act as business liaison with multilateral development banks which do not have U.S. offices. Requires such office to disseminate information relating to new projects, bid specifications, and deadline dates for such projects through the private sector and nonprofit organizations. Authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to designate eight U.S. missions abroad at which the U.S. and Foreign Commercial Service officer will be able to use the title Minister-Counselor. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to prepare a reference manual for U.S. firms containing information related to exporting, foreign investment, foreign market conditions, foreign laws affecting exports, and sources of export and foreign investment financing. Requires such manual to be distributed to all field offices of the Departments of Commerce and Agriculture, and to all State departments of commerce. Authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to provide grants to entities for the development of foreign markets for American Indian arts and crafts. Amends the Export Administration Amendments Act of 1985 to authorize the Secretary of Commerce to provide for the printing and distribution outside of the United States of documents related to any export promotion program. Title XIII: Exchange Rates and International Economic Policy Coordination - Exchange Rates and International Economic Policy Coordination Act of 1987 - Declares it is U.S. policy that: (1) the United States and other major industrialized countries should take steps to coordinate monetary policies initiated at the Tokyo Economic Summit in May 1986; (2) the goal of policy coordination should be to eliminate trade imbalances and to stabilize exchange rates; and (3) the United States and such other countries should coordinate the participation by central banks in international currency markets, with the objective of reducting fluctuations in the values of currencies, deterring currency speculation, and promoting the adjustment of exchange rates. Requires the President to negotiate with other countries to: (1) achieve better coordination of marcroeconomic policies of the major industrialized countries, including sustainable levels of trade and current account balances and stability in the exchange rates of the U.S. dollar and other currencies; (2) review the functioning of the international exchange rate system; nad (3) develop a program for modification of such system to provide for long-term exchange rate stability. Directs the President to annually determine which countries manipulate the exchange rate between their currency and the U.S. dollar. Requires the President, if such countries have global current account surpluses and trade surpluses with the United States, to initiate negotiations with such countries in the International Monetary Fund or bilaterally to ensure that such countries regularly adjust the exchange rates between their currencies and the U.S. dollar. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to submit to specified congressional committees a report regarding international economic policy. Sets forth the contents of such report. Amends the Federal Reserve Act to include, in a specified annual report of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to the Congress, an analysis of the impact of the U.S. dollar's exchange rate on the U.S. economy. Title XIV: Review of Certain Mergers, Acquisitions, and Takeovers - Amends the Defense Production Act of 1950 to authorize the Secretary of Commerce to initiate an investigation to determine the effects on national security of mergers, acquisitions, and takeovers of U.S. corporations by foreign persons and persons engaged in U.S. interstate commerce. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to be provided with all relevant information by the parties involved and he shall seek such information and advice from the Secretary of Defense and other appropriate U.S. officials. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to report to the President his findings and recommendations with respect to such investigation. Authorizes the President to take such action to restrict, suspend, or prohibit such merger, acquisition, or takeover if national security is threatened. Sets forth specified factors the Secretary of Commerce and the President must consider in taking such action. Requires the President to report to the Congress. Title XV: National Treatment of Financial Institutions - Amends the International Banking Act of 1978 to authorize a Federal banking agency, with the prior approval of the President, to deny any application by a foreign bank or foreign bank holding company if the country in which the foreign bank is chartered or the country in which the foreign bank holding company is incorporated or has its principal place of business does not accord to U.S. banks and bank holding companies the same competitive opportunities as it accords to domestic banks and bank holding companies. Prohibits the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York from designating any person of a foreign country as a primary dealer in government debt instruments if that foreign country does not accord to United States companies that the same competitive opportunities in the underwriting and distribution of government debt instruments issued by that country as it accords to domestic companies. Allows an exception to such prohibition for countries having or negotiating bilateral agreements with the United States. Amends the Securities Exchange Act to authorize the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), with the prior approval of the President, to deny an application for registration as a broker or dealer filed by a person of a foreign country if that foreign country does not accord to United States brokers and dealers the same competitive opportunities as it accords to their domestic counterparts. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury (in conjunction with the Secretary of State, the Federal Reserve Board, the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and the SEC to report to the Congress not less than every four years on the extent to which foreign countries deny national treatment to U.S. banking organizations and securities companies, and on the efforts undertaken by the United States to eliminate such discrimination. Requires the President (when advantageous) to conduct discussions with the governments of countries that are major financial centers, aimed at: (1) U.S. banking organizations and securities companies have access to foreign markets and receive national treatment in those markets; (2) reducing or eliminating barriers to, and other distortions of, international trade in financial services; (3) achieving reasonable comparability in the types of financial services permissible for financial service companies; and (4) developing uniform supervisory standards for banking organizations and securities companies, including uniform capital standards. Requires consultation with the Congress prior to entering into such discussions and requires the President to transmit to the Congress any recommendations that have emerged from those discussions. Requires the Federal Reserve Board to submit a report to the Congress on the issues raised by including loan loss reserves as part of banks' primary capital for regulatory purposes. Title XVI: Foreign Corrupt Practices - Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Amendments of 1987 - Amends the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to prohibit the imposition of criminal liability on securities issuers who fail to maintain an internal accounting controls system. Prohibits anyone from knowingly circumventing such accounting system for a purpose inconsistent with the accountability and accuracy goals of such system. Requires only good faith efforts at ensuring compliance by issuers who hold 50 percent or less of the voting power of domestic or foreign firms. Defines "reasonable assurances" and "reasonable detail." Repeals a provision relating to the unlawful use of the mails by a securities broker or dealer to affect a foreign exchange. Authorizes the Securities and Exchange Commission to transmit evidence concerning unlawful payments to foreign officials to the Attorney General, who shall annually report on the disposition of such refferals to the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and the House Committee on Energy and Commerce. Amends the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 to revise the prohibition against domestic concerns using any means of interstate commerce to further payments to obtain business with a foreign official. States that such a payment made directly or indirectly to a foreign official is illegal. Prohibits such payments that are made to: (1) influence a foreign official's act or induce such an official to violate a legal duty; or (2) induce a foreign official to affect a foreign government's act. Prohibits domestic concerns from using interstate commerce to direct or authorize an agent to further such a payment to a foreign official. Exempts from such prohibitions: (1) payments to foreign officials to expedite or to secure the performance of routine governmental action; (2) expenditures associated with selling, purchasing, or demonstrating goods; or (3) ordinary expenditures associated with performing a contract with a foreign government. Revises the fines and criminal penalties for violations of such Act. Empowers the Attorney General to undertake all civil investigations necessary to enforce the Act. Title XVII: International Debt - Subtitle A: General Provisions - Sets forth Congressional findings concerning international debt issues and sets forth the purposes and policy of this title. Subtitle B: The International Debt Management Authority - International Debt Management Act - Requires the Secretary of the Treasury (Secretary) to study the feasibility and advisability of establishing a multilateral financial authority which would undertake to: (1) purchase sovereign debt of less developed countries from private creditors at an appropriate discount; (2) enter into negotiations with debtor countries for the purpose of restructuring debt; and (3) assist the creditor banks in the voluntary disposition of their Third World loan portfolio. Lists specific proposals which the Secretary should include in such discussions. Requires the Secretary to report to the Congress on a regular basis on the progress being made on such study and in such discussions. Prohibits the use of any funds, appropriations, contributions, financial guarantee, or any other financial support or obligation of the United States for the creation, operation, or support of an international debt management authority without the express approval of the Congress through subsequent law. Expresses the sense of the Congress that: (1) a solution to the practice of capital transfers from developing countries is essential to solving the international debt problem and enhancing and sustaining economic growth in developing countries; (2) the Secretary should assess current reporting requirements concerning the movement of capital between countries; and (3) the U.S. Executive Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) should begin discussions for the purpose of developing policy proposals for both developed countries and developing countries. Subtitle C: Regulatory Provisions Affecting International Debt - Declares that it is the policy of the United States that: (1) commercial banks should establish reserves against the risks inherent in international lending; and (2) U.S. commercial banks should have significant latitude to restructure the terms and conditions on their existing loans. Amends the International Lending Supervision Act of 1983 to require the appropriate Federal banking agencies to conduct a study of any regulatory or accounting barriers to exchanges of foreign debt for equity. Requires the Secretary to instruct the U.S. Executive Director of the World Bank to begin discussions on the appropriate role for the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation in supporting debt-to-equity swaps. Declares that it is the policy of the United States that the Secretary and the appropriate Federal banking agencies shall encourage the improvement of the economic health of the United States and other countries and of commercial banks by strengthening initiatives which address the high level of debt of certain heavily indebted international borrowers. Requires the Secretary and the banking agencies to report to the Congress on a study analyzing possible regulatory steps to encourage a reduction in the indebtedness of heavily indebted international borrowers to supervised banks in a way that would improve overall bank assest quality and reduce the burden of the loans on the countries themselves. Requires the Federal banking agencies to submit annual reports to the Congress concerning: (1) the level of loan exposure of those banking institutions under the jurisdiction of each agency which is rated in a troubled debt category as may be established by the banking agencies; (2) progress that has been achieved in reducing the risk to the U.S. economy posed by the exposure of banking institutions to troubled international loans; (3) the relationship between lending activity by U.S. banks and foreign banks in countries experiencing debt service difficulties and exports from the United States and other lending countries to these markets; (4) the response to regulatory agencies in other countries to the international debt problems; and (5) steps that have been taken by countries experiencing debt service difficulties to enhance conditions for private direct investment and other steps to remove their debt service difficulties. Title XVIII: Trade Enhancement - Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to instruct the U.S. executive directors to multilateral development banks to: (1) take actions to assure that U.S. firms are informed of bidding opportunities in foreign countries that receive loans from such banks; (2) take actions to assure U.S. firms can focus on projects in which they have a particular interest; (3) investigate complaints from U.S. bidders concerning the awarding of multilateral development bank procurement contracts; and (4) promote opportunities for exports of U.S. goods and services. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to appoint an officer of the U.S. Foreign Commercial Service with each U.S. executive director of a multilateral development bank. Directs such officer to assist the U.S. executive director in: (1) promoting opportunities for the export of U.S. goods and services; (2) taking actions to assure that U.S. businesses are informed of bidding opportunities in foreign countries receiving loans from such banks; and (3) taking actions to assure that U.S. businesses can focus on projects in which they have a particular interest. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to establish an Office of Multilateral Development Bank Procurement within the Bureau of International Affairs in the Department of the Treasury. Directs the Office to: (1) consult with the Foreign Commercial Service officers assigned to each multilateral development bank to which the United States is a member; (2) disseminate information on bank procurement opportunities to the public; and (3) take steps to see that technical assistance for participating in such procurement opportunities is provided to U.S. businesses, with emphasis to small and medium-size businesses. Requires the American Institute of Taiwan to employ personnel to perform duties similar to those performed by U.S. Foreign Commercial Service personnel. Requires the number of personnel employed to be commensurate with the number of U.S. personnel of the Commercial Service who are permanently assigned to the U.S. diplomatic mission to South Korea. Expresses the sense of the Congress that sustained economic growth in the United States, other industrialized countries, and in developing countries can only be assured if world trade is expanding and market access for all countries is improved. States that the Congress declares it to be U.S. policy that foreign assistance to developing countries should be consistent with trade liberalization in such countries. Reaffirms Congress' support for the Trade and Development Program through the increase in appropriated funds to such Program as well as such Program's status being a component of the International Development Cooperation Agency. Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to authorize the use of foreign assistance funds to be used to provide support for both bilateral and multilateral projects that promote the use of U.S. exports in such projects. Establishes the Trade and Development Program as a separate agency of the International Development Cooperation Agency (currently an agency within the Agency for International Development). Urges the Program to cooperate with the Office of International Major Projects of the Department of Commerce and other Federal agencies to provide information to the private sector concerning trade development and export promotion related to bilateral and multilateral development projects. Provides that there shall be a Director to head the Trade and Development Program. Requires the Director to establish an advisory board which shall include representatives of the Small Business Service Bureau, Inc., the American Consulting Engineers, and the International Engineering and Construction Industries Council. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 for the Trade and Development Program. Earmarks funds from such appropriations for education and training programs related to the Program, including operating expenses, with emphasis to be placed on including nationals from China and Taiwan. Sets forth the salary for the Director of the Trade and Development Program. Amends the Trade and Development Enhancement Act of 1983 to transfer functions of the Agency for International Development relating to the tied aid credit program to the Trade and Development Program. Prohibits financing by the Export-Import Bank from being approved under the tied aid credit program without the unanimous consent of the members of the National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Policies. Prohibits financing by the Agency for International Development from being approved under the tied aid credit program without the consent of the majority of the members of the National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Policies. Expresses the sense of the Congress with respect to the protection of U.S. intellectual property. Amends the Arms Export Control Act to provide that a specified amount of registration fees collected under such Act shall be for the payment of expenses incurred in automating munitions control functions and processing munitions control license applications, including the utilization of computer equipment and related software. Prohibits funds provided under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 from being made available to foreign countries for activities related to the export of agricultural commodities if such commodities would complete with a similar commodity produced in the United States. Sets forth specified exceptions. Title XIX: Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency - Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency Act - Authorizes the President to accept membership for the United States in the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (Agency) provided for by the Convention Establishing the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (Convention). Provides that the Governor and Alternate Governor of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (Bank) shall serve as the Governor and Alternate Governor of the Agency. Provides that certain provisions of the Bretton Woods Agreements Act shall apply with respect to the Agency to the same extent as with respect to the Bank and the International Monetary Fund. Prohibits the President or any other person or agency, unless authorized by law, from: (1) subscribing to additional shares of stock of the Agency; (2) voting for or agreeing to any amendment of the Convention which increases the obligations of the United States or which changes the purpose or functions of the Agency; or (3) making a loan or providing other financing to the Agency. Authorizes Federal Reserve Banks to act as depositories for the Agency. Authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to subscribe to a specified number of shares of capital stock of the Agency. Authorizes appropriations for such subscription. Sets forth conditions on United States membership in the Agency. Sets forth the jurisdiction of United States courts and the enforcement of arbitral awards concerning the Agency. Title XX: International Financial Affairs: Miscellaneous Provisions - Limits to no more than $11,600,000 of the funds authorized as paid-in capital for the U.S. contribution to the general capital increase, the selective capital increase of 1970, and the selective capital increase of 1984 of the International Bank For Reconstruction and Development for FY 1988. Requires the Secretary of State (Secretary) to conduct a study on improving the annual reports submitted to the Congress under a specified section of the Trade Act of 1974 regarding the status of internationally-recognized worker rights in foreign countries. Directs the Secretary to submit a report to the Congress containing the findings of such study and recommendations for upgrading the capacity of the Government to monitor other countries' respect for such rights. Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to require the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, in making determinations with respect to China's recognition of international worker's rights, to discuss the justification for making such determinations in connection with the provision of economic development assistance to such country. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the Secretary, in cooperation with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Commerce, and heads of other Federal agencies, should: (1) assess whether current Government and U.S. contractor practices in monitoring compliance by recipient countries in the use and reexport of U.S. military technology, including dual-use technology, is adequate for ensuring against adverse economic or security technology loss to the United States; (2) determine whether sufficient resources are being devoted to such monitoring and to enforcement activities by the Government in recipient countries in the use and reexport of U.S. technology; and (3) transmit a report annually to the Congress with respect to such monitoring and enforcement activities. Expresses the sense of the Congress with respect to Japan increasing the import of goods manufactured by less developed countries. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the United States should encourage Japan to expand trade relations with Israel and to end compliance by Japanese commercial enterprises with the Arab economic boycott of Israel. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should initiate multilateral negotiations with major agricultural commodity exporting nations to establish an international agricultural conservation reserve to reduce worldwide grain surpluses and control soil erosion. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to conduct a study of the feasibility of reducing the international debt of the poorest of the heavily indebted countries through a one-time allocation by the International Monetary Fund of limited purpose special drawing rights to such countries that provides for the repayment of the debts of such countries. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to submit a report to the House Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs and the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations containing the findings and recommendations of the Secretary of the Treasury with respect to such study. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the United States should become a party to the Convention on the Control and Marking of Articles of Precious Metals in order to help the U.S. jewelry industry to penetrate foreign markets. Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to authorize the agency responsible for administering foreign assistance for projects related to the development of private enterprises in developing countries to issue guaranteed loans with respect to such projects. Expresses the sense of the Senate that the President should pursue alternatives to the reflagging of Kuwaiti vessels, including the leasing to Kuwaiti of vessels of the U.S. domestic tanker fleet, as a means of accomplishing U.S. objectives in the Pursian Gulf. Title XXI: Agriculture - Agricultural Competitiveness and Trade Act of 1987 - Subtitle A: Findings, Policies, and Objectives - Expresses the findings of the Congress regarding: (1) the decline in U.S. agricultural exports; (2) the resulting loss of jobs and economic threat to family farms and rural areas; and (3) the need for increased use of agricultural export programs, including food aid programs, and programs to strengthen the purchasing and distribution capacities of importing nations. States that it is the policy of the United States to: (1) increase U.S. agricultural exports; (2) support programs to make U.S. exports more competitive, including the agricultural export enhancement program; (3) regain traditional market shares by providing credit and direct assistance on a market-by-market basis; and (4) challenge barriers to agricultural trade that are illegal or inconsistent with the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). States that a primary U.S. negotiating objective shall be the elimination of agricultural trade barriers maintained by countries with an unusually large overall trade surplus with the United States. States that it is the policy of the United States to seek the elimination of agricultural trade barriers. Expresses the sense of the Congress that Japan should liberalize its trade policies by lowering tariffs and removing quotas on competitive U.S. agricultural exports in a timely manner to avoid damaging the close relations between Japan and the United States. Subtitle B: Agricultural Trade Initiatives - Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture (Secretary) to make Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) commodities available to cooperator organizations for market expansion projects. Sets minimum personnel levels for the Department of Agriculture's Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) at 850 full-time employees for each of FY 1987 through 1989. Expresses the sense of the Congress that such personnel level should permit greater market development activities. Directs the Administrator of FAS to: (1) establish a program of export market consultations between reassigned agricultural attaches and U.S. producers and exporters; (2) establish a similar educational program between agricultural attaches and FAS officers and representatives of cooperator organizations, State agricultural officials, and other interested parties; (3) provide that the maximum use of personnel resource time be devoted to agricultural export market promotion; and (4) report to the appropriate congressional committees by September 30, 1988, and September 30, 1989, regarding the allocation of personnel resource time during the pertinent fiscal years. Authorizes the Administrator to establish a private sector market development program in which private sector individuals could work for FAS on a short-time basis and FAS personnel could work in the private sector. Authorizes the Secretary to contract for agricultural export-related services to be performed outside the United States. States that such persons shall not be considered U.S. employees. Directs the Secretary to: (1) evaluate the reorganization proposal recommended by the National Commission on Agricultural Trade and Export Policy to improve the Department of Agriculture's management of international trade activities; (2) appoint a private sector advisory committee; and (3) report to the Congress by April 30, 1988. Authorizes additional FY 1987 through 1990 appropriations for the FAS. Obligates specified amounts for specified agricultural export activities. Directs the Administrator to increase the number, and upgrade the quality, of FAS trade shows and exhibitions. Directs the Secretary to provide specified forms of assistance to citizens and organizations damaged by unfair agricultural trade practices and policies. Directs the Secretary to: (1) promote the development of markets for value-added beef, pork, and poultry products; and (2) report annually to the appropriate congressional committees. Subtitle C: Existing Agricultural Trade Programs - Directs the Secretary to permit producers to repay specified loans made under the Agricultural Act of 1949 for the 1990 wheat, feed grain, and soybean crops at the lesser of the loan level or the prevailing world market price for each such crop if legislation has not been passed implementing a certain trade agreement under the GATT before the beginning of the 1990 marketing year for wheat. Waives such marketing loan program if the President certifies to the House of Representatives during the 60-day period prior to the beginning of the 1990 marketing year for wheat that: (1) significant progress has been made toward reaching such an agreement; and (2) implementation of such marketing loan program would be harmful to achieving freer agricultural trade and increased U.S. agricultural exports. Requires the President to consult with the congressional agricultural trade advisers appointed under this Act before making such certification. States that such a waiver shall not apply if a joint resolution of disapproval is enacted during the 60-day period beginning on the date of certification. Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to authorize multiyear agreements under the food for progress program. Reduces minimum amounts of FY 1986 through 1988 target export assistance funds and commodities. Permits the use of such funds to compensate U.S. producers or processors of U.S. agricultural commodities for expenses incurred in defending foreign countervailing duty actions instituted after January 1, 1986. Limits assistance for any single action to $500,000. Directs the Secretary, if such funds are not made available, to notify the appropriate congressional committees. Expresses the sense of the Congress that CCC short-term export credit guarantees should be made on a country-only basis rather than on a commodity basis or a commodity-country basis. Revises priority provisions under the agricultural export enhancement program: (1) in the case of wheat and feed grains, to give priority to countries that have traditionally imported or purchased U.S. commodities and to those countries that continue or begin to import or purchase U.S. commodities at levels equal to or greater than previous representative periods; and (2) in the case of other commodities, to give priority to traditional foreign purchasers who continue to purchase U.S. commodities at levels greater than previous representative periods. Directs the Secretary to use commodities for such export enhancement program with a value of: (1) at least $1,000,000,000 during FY 1985 through 1988; (2) at least $500,000,000 during FY 1989 through 1990; and (3) not more than $2,500,000,000 during such five fiscal years. (Current law provides for at least $2,000,000,000 during FY 1986 through 1988.) Directs the Secretray to include in the annual compilation of agricultural attache reports information regarding trade barriers and activities undertaken or planned to reduce or eliminate such barriers. Amends the Farm Credit Act of 1971 to repeal the September 30, 1990, termination date authorizing the financing of certain cooperative import and export activities. Make agricultural articles eligible for export credit guarantees under the Commodity Corporation Charter Act and the Food for Peace Act of 1966 if: (1) at least 75 percent of the commodities used to produce such an article were produced in the United States; and (2) the sale meets other payment guarantee criteria. Stipulates that such payment guarantees shall not include the value of any non-U.S. commodities. Amends the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 to establish a five-year program of matching grants for private sector international trade development centers to enhance U.S. agricultural and industrial exports. Gives priority to multi-State regional centers that focus on promoting trade in economically distressed inland States without major deep water ports. Authorizes appropriations. Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to provide for generic commodity payment certificates in the dairy export incentive program. Subtitle D: Agricultural Aid and Trade Missions - Directs the Secretary of Agriculture (Secretary), the Secretary of State, and the Administrator of the Agency for International Development, and the President of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (Corporation) to establish agricultural aid and trade missions to eligible countries to encourage such countries to participate in U.S. agricultural aid and trade programs in accordance with this Act. Outlines administrative provisions concerning the composition and compensation of the U.S. representatives to such missions. Sets forth specified criteria for the establishment of such missions to eligible countries. Requires the establishment of eight missions within six months, and an additional eight missions within one year, after enactment of this Act. Authorizes the Secretary to establish additional future missions. Authorizes the establishment of a mission in Poland. Requires members of such missions to: (1) meet with representatives of Government agencies of the United States and the eligible country to plan the extent to which U.S. agricultural aid and trade programs could be used in a mutually beneficial manner; (2) provide technical expertise and information with respect to U.S. agricultural aid and trade programs and agricultural commodities and other assistance available to the eligible country; and (3) assist in obtaining firm commitments for proposals for food aid programs and agreements for commodity sales under agriculture export programs. Directs each mission, no later than 60 days after its completion, to report to the President, the House Committee on Agriculture, the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, the House Committee on Foreign Affairs the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations the Secretary, the Secretary of State, the Administrator, and the President of the Corporation on its findings and recommendations in carrying out the purposes of this Act. Directs the Secretary and the Administrator, during the two-year period beginning one year after the enactment of this Act, to submit quarterly reports to the House Committee on Agriculture, the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations on progress made by such missions. Requires the use of the CCC, within the funds made available to the CCC, to carry out the purposes of this Act. Subtitle E: Public Law 480 - Amends the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 (Act) to require, for FY 1988 through 1990, each agricultural commodity sale to provide for some foreign currency sales unless the President determines a country is incapable of participating in such foreign currency sale program. (Current law requires at least ten percent of such commodity sales to be foreign currency sales unless reduced by the President.) Directs the President to give favorable commodity allocation to countries promoting the private sector through foreign currency sales. Includes the promotion of conservation and study of biological diversity among the self-help measures set forth under such Act for the consideration of the President before entering into an agreement with a developing country for the sale of U.S. agricultural commodities. Includes cooperatives among the entities to be utilized by the President in the provision of agricultural commodity assistance to meet famine and other extraordinary food requirements of developing countries. Exempts nonemergency programs conducted by nonprofit voluntary agencies or cooperatives from any limitation on the generation and use of foreign currencies as a condition for obtaining such assistance. Directs the President to report to the Congress by February 15, 1988, and annually thereafter, on sales, barter, and the use of foreign currency proceeds under the Act. Requires cooperatives (currently only nonprofit voluntary agencies) to include in a request, for a nonemergency food assistance agreement a description of the uses of any foreign currency proceeds generated with the commodities provided under the agreement. Increases from five to ten percent of the aggregate value of the commodities distributed under nonemergency programs the amount that shall be used as foreign currency proceeds. Specifies uses of foreign currency proceeds from the sale or barter of commodities by an agency or cooperative. Directs the President, no later than 45 days after submission to AID, to take final action on a proposal submitted by a nonprofit voluntary agency or cooperative, with the concurrence of the field mission, for the delivery of commodities requested. Directs the President, no later than 30 days prior to the issuance of a final guideline issued to carry out this title, to provide notice of the proposed guideline to participating nonprofit agencies and cooperatives and to make such guideline available for review and comment. Requires an order for the purchase or the supply, from inventory, of such commodities to be transmitted to the Corporation not later than 15 days after receipt of a call from a field mission for such commodities. Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to extend the Farmer-to-Farmer program under P.L. 480 through FY 1990. Subtitle F: Section 416 - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to specify wheat, rice, and feed grains acquired by the CCC through price support operations as eligible commodities for agricultural assistance programs under title II of the Act. Makes eligible U.S. commodities available to nonprofit and voluntary agencies and cooperatives conducting programs in a country whose government is receiving such commodities. Directs the Secretary of Agriculture, upon request, to make multiyear commodity distribution or sale agreements. Increases: (1) the scope of nonprofit and voluntary agency or cooperative foreign currency programs; and (2) the aggregate value of commodities available for such activities. Sets forth time period limits for review and comment on nonprofit and voluntary agency or cooperative proposals. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the Secretary should implement a specified barter program established under such Act no later than September 30, 1987. Subtitle G: Miscellaneous Provisions: Chapter 1: General Provisions - Amends the Agricultural Adjustment Act to prohibit the sale of an imported commodity during the time that a marketing order is in effect with respect to the same domestic commodity unless such imported commodity has been inspected and meets the requirements imposed by the marketing order. Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture (Secretary) to provide for an additional 30-day period during which the marketing order requirements would be in effect if: (1) during the previous year significant quantities of imported commodities that are covered by a marketing order were sold in the United States and did not meet marketing order requirements; (2) the importation of such commodities is likely to substantially circumvent marketing order requirements applicable to similar domestic commodities; and (3) there would be an adequate reasonably-priced domestic supply of the commodity during such additional period. Makes such provisions effective with respect to 1989 and subsequent year marketing orders. Directs the Secretary to: (1) conduct a study of table grapes to determine whether during the years 1988 through 1990 imported grapes are meeting the applicable marketing order grade, size, quality, and maturity standards; and (2) report to the appropriate congressional committees by October 1, 1990. Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to provide that if producers of the 1990 soybean crop are permitted to repay loans at reduced rates, the Secretary shall: (1) support the price of 1990 sunflower seeds in relation to soybean prices (with minimum sunflower price supports of $.085 per pound); and (2) support the price of cottonseeds at a level competitive with soybeans. Amends the Federal Meat Inspection Act to direct the Secretary to investigate the meat inspection requirements of countries which export meat to the United States to determine whether: (1) a country applies standards to U.S. meat that are not substantiated by reliable analytical methods or are different from standards applied to domestic meat; and (2) other trade measures available to the United States are not adequately addressing the problem. Authorizes the House or Senate Agricultural Committees also to request such an investigation. Directs the Secretary, upon such findings, to: (1) notify the Congress; and (2) prohibit such country from exporting meat to the United States unless the Secretary certifies that such meat has met applicable U.S. domestic inspection standards. Directs the Secretary to compile and issue quarterly reports regarding: (1) the value and quantity of imported raw and processed agricultural products; and (2) the quantity of production and consumption of domestically-produced raw and processed agricultural products. Expresses the sense of the Congress that: (1) the United States International Trade Commission and the Secretary of Commerce should monitor European Community egg products imported into the United States to determine their impact on the domestic egg industry; (2) the United States Trade Representative should enter into negotiations with the European Community regarding duties and subsidies that limit U.S. egg producers access to European markets; and (3) if such barriers have had a substantial negative effect on the domestic egg industry, appropriate means should be used to encourage more liberalized trade practices. Imported Food Labeling Act of 1987 - Directs the Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration and the Secretary of Agriculture to each issue regulations within six months of enactment of this Act providing that imported meat, meat products, poultry, and poultry products be labeled with the country of origin. Foreign Agricultural Investment Reform (FAIR) Act - Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to instruct the U.S. executive directors of specified international financial institutions to oppose aid by these institutions for the production or extraction of any commodity or mineral unless the Secretary of the Treasury: (1) determines that such commodity or mineral is not in surplus on world markets; (2) certifies that there is sufficient assistance for such project from other sources so that the project is economically viable; (3) determines that such assistance does not constitute a subsidy as defined by specified provisions of the GATT; and (4) submits to the Congress a report justifying such determinations. Requires that, if an international financial institution approves financial assistance for a project that the United States opposes pursuant to this Act, the Secretary shall not agree to any increase in the capital share of that institution, any replenishment of funding for that institution, or the issuance of any letter of credit by that institution either in the United States or denominated in U.S. currency, until the institution agrees that no future assistance will be proposed which would require U.S. opposition pursuant to this Act. Reduces U.S. contributions to an international financial institution in amounts that are proportionate with the assistance provided by such institution for projects which require U.S. opposition pursuant to this Act. Requires any funds withheld from such contributions to be used to reduce the public debt. Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to require the President to provide economic assistance for commodity import programs for a foreign country if the needs of such country and of the United States would be better met through such programs rather than through cash transfers. Requires each country receiving a cash transfer to use such transfer, whenever practicable, to pay for U.S. goods or for services performed by a U.S. national. Chapter 2: Wood and Wood Products - Amends the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 to include wood and processed wood products as agricultural commodities under such Act. Includes low-and medium-income housing construction as private sector development activities or private enterprise investments under such Act. Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to include wood and wood products as agricultural commodities for short-term export credit purposes under such Act. Amends the Food for Peace Act of 1966 to include wood and wood products as agricultural commodities for intermediate-term credit purposes under such Act. Amends the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 to establish a cooperative national forest products marketing program to provide: (1) technical assistance to States, landowners, and small- or medium-sized forest products firms in order to improve foreign and domestic marketing; and (2) matching grants to States for State and regional forest products marketing. Authorizes FY 1988 through 1991 appropriations. Directs the Secretary to submit annual program reports to the Congress, with the final report due by September 30, 1990. Chapter 3: Safe Food Imports - Directs the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to prepare a fiscal year plan for the distribution of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) resources for sampling imported raw agricultural commodities to ensure: (1) compliance with pesticide residue laws; and (2) sharing of violations data among FDA districts. Directs the Secretary of HHS to prepare a fiscal year summary of sampling activities which shall specify: (1) commodity types and volume; (2) country of export; (3) number of samples taken; and (4) violations, including commodity and pesticide, and the name of the importer. Directs the Secretary of HHS, when a violation has been found, to monitor such commodity during the successive growing season. Directs the Secretary of HHS to: (1) submit an enforcement report to the appropriate congressional committees; and (2) include within such report a description of any pesticide residue detection research. Chapter 4: Studies and Reports - Directs the Secretary to conduct studies and report to the appropriate congressional committees on: (1) dairy import quotas; (2) intermediate export credit financing for import countries' commodity facilities and livestock production; (3) honey imports; and (4) the circumvention of sugar or dairy limitations by imported products containing sugar or dairy products (including sweetened chocolate). Amends the Agricultural Adjustment Act, reenacted with amendments by the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, to provide marketing order paid advertising for Florida-grown strawberries. Chapter 5: Alternative Agricultural Products Research - Establishes in the Department of Agriculture the New Products Research Board to be administered by the Assistant Secretary of Agriculture for Science and Education. States that the Board shall advise the Assistant Secretary with respect to research project selection and evaluation under this Act. Authorizes a plant modification research program focusing on the development and production of new (non-food and-fiber) industrial and commercial products. Gives priority to biotechnological research projects. Sets forth project selection criteria. Authorizes FY 1988 through 2007 appropriations. Title XXII: Employment and Training for Dislocated Workers - Economic Dislocation and Worker Adjustment Assistance Act - Amends the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) to replace title III (Employment and Training Assistance for Dislocated Workers) with new provisions to aid dislocated persons, including former full-time homemakers who no longer receive spousal support. Directs the Secretary of Labor (Secretary) to: (1) distribute funds to States under this title; (2) provide funds to exemplary and demonstration programs on plant closings and worker dislocation; (3) allocate discretionary funds; (4) monitor performance and expenditures and annually certify compliance with standards; (5) conduct research and serve as a national clearinghouse for gathering and disseminating information on plant closings and worker dislocation; (6) provide technical assistance and staff training services to States, communities, businesses, and unions; and (7) create a dislocated workers unit to coordinate the Secretary's functions under this title and to carry out specified consultations to address the needs of displaced workers who are veterans. Requires State Governors, in order to receive an allocation of funds under this title, to submit to the Secretary a biennial State plan describing the programs and activities that will be assisted with such funds. Sets forth mandatory inclusions for State plans, including requiring: (1) the designation or creation of an identifiable State dislocated worker unit or office with the capability to respond rapidly, on site, to mass layoffs and plant closing; and (2) the establishment of a State job training coordinating council to advise the Governor and the State unit on the administration of programs under this title. Sets forth provisions for review, approval, and modification of plans, and for complaints, investigations, and penalties. Allows funds allocated to States to be used to: (1) provide rapid response assistance in cases of plant closings and mass layoffs; (2) deliver, coordinate, and integrate basic readjustment services, including counseling, occupational information, job placement assistance, child care, and other supportive services; (3) provide retraining services, including classroom and on-the-job training, remedial education, and English for non-English speakers; (4) provide income support to certain displaced women who are participants in training or education programs under this title and are ineligible for unemployment compensation; and (5) establish programs providing linkage with the unemployment compensation system, including methods for the timely referral of persons to readjustment services and criteria for early identification of those having the greatest difficulty in finding employment. Requires, subject to waiver by the Governor under certain circumstances, that a minimum of 30 percent of funds spent under this title by a substate grantee be used for retraining services. Directs each State Governor to designate substate areas composed of one or more service delivery areas (based on population units of 500,000 or more). Provides for the designation of a substate grantee, selected in accordance with an agreement among the Governor, the local elected official, and the private industry council, to be responsible for providing basic readjustment and retraining services and income support. Lists entities eligible for designation as substate grantees, including: (1) private industry councils; (2) service delivery area grant recipients or administrative entities; (3) private nonprofit organizations; (4) local governmental units or offices of State agencies; and (5) public agencies such as community colleges and area vocational schools. Requires that each substate grantee submit for the Governor's approval a plan describing how the services to be funded will be delivered. Sets forth details that must be described in such a plan, including information relating to program and recipient eligibility, coordination of relevant services, and performance goals. Authorizes the Governor to direct expenditures pursuant to a substate plan if the grantee fails to do so. Requires a separate readjustment training plan to be included as part of a substate plan when relevant. Details required contents of such a plan, including: (1) procedures to assess the skills and needs of eligible dislocated workers; (2) a description of services and activities to be provided; and (3) a list of goals. Sets forth criteria to govern the selection by substate grantees of service providers. Directs the Secretary, for a given fiscal year, to: (1) allocate 75 percent of appropriated funds for distribution to the States; and (2) reserve 25 percent for demonstration, exemplary, and discretionary programs for eligible dislocated workers. Sets forth: (1) formulas for the allocation of funds to the States by the Secretary; and (2) criteria to be used by the Governor for distribution of funds within a State. Directs the Secretary to promulgate standards for the conduct and evaluation of programs under this title. Directs the Secretary, in the event that a State fails to qualify for an allocation, to use the amount of the allocation to provide in that State, directly or through contract, the program and services authorized by this title. Authorizes up to 20 percent of the funds allocated to a State for any fiscal year to remain available for obligation and expenditure during the succeeding fiscal year. Provides for reimbursement of certain State funds from an allocation for a succeeding fiscal year. Limits administrative costs to 15 percent of a substate grantee's expenditures. Directs the Secretary to ensure that each State unit has access to information collected and maintained under specified provisions of the JTPA to identify job skills that would improve the employment opportunities of eligible displaced workers. Provides for the reallotment, subject to certain limitations, of recaptured unobligated funds among States that: (1) have the highest unemployment rates; and (2) have expended at least 90 percent of their program year allotment. Assigns to the State job training coordinating council specific meeting, review, and report requirements for purposes of this title. Directs the Secretary to provide for continuing evaluation of the program authorized by this title. Directs the Secretary to prepare and submit to the Congress as part of the annual report of the Department of Labor a report on certain activities under this title. Prohibits an employer from ordering a plant closing or mass layoff until the end of a 60-day period after the employer serves written notice of a proposal to issue such an order to: (1) the representative of the affected employees, or if there is no representative, to each affected employee; and (2) the State dislocated worker unit and the affected local government. Provides for reduction of such notification period if the closing or layoff is caused by business circumstances not reasonably foreseeable, and under other specified circumstances. Makes an employer who orders a plant closing or mass layoff in violation of the notice requirements of this title liable to employees for back pay and benefits, and subject to civil penalties for violations with respect to a local government. Creates a cause of action in the appropriate U.S. district court to enforce such liability. Authorizes the court in such cases to require the defendant to pay reasonable attorneys' fees, along with the costs of the action. States that such remedies shall be the exclusive remedies for any violation of the notification requirements. Exempts from the notification requirements a plant closing or layoff if: (1) it results from the sale of the employer's business and the purchaser agrees to hire substantially all of the affected employees; (2) it results from a relocation of the business within a reasonable commuting distance and the employer offers to transfer substantially all of the affected employees; (3) the affected employees were hired with the understanding that their employment was limited to the duration of the project or facility and the closing or layoff results because of the completion of the project; or (4) it constitutes a lockout or a strike. States that the rights and remedies provided to employees provided by such notification provisions are in addition to any other contractual, statutory, or other legal rights and remedies of the employees. Declares that it is the sense of Congress that any employer not subject to the notice requirements should, to the extent possible, notify its employees about a proposal to close a plant or permanently reduce its workforce. Directs the Secretary, from certain reserved amounts, to carry out demonstration, exemplary, and discretionary programs under this title. Reserves certain portions of such funds for specified programs under this title and for the Secretary's discretionary and exemplary programs. Sets a minimum and maximum amount to be available for dislocated farmer demonstration grants. Authorizes the Secretary to implement dislocated worker loan demonstration projects in order to determine their feasibility and cost effectiveness with respect to: (1) augmenting training and assistance provided under JTPA with longer-term job preparatory training; (2) serving as an alternative to grants for providing retraining and relocation assistance; and (3) serving as a means of upgrading the skills of workers dislocated within firms. Requires the Secretary to establish at least five such projects, each of which is to make a good faith effort to serve an annual aggregate of 2,000 dislocated workers. Limits to $5,000 the aggregate amount of all direct loans made from such funds to each dislocated worker. Authorizes use of such loans for: (1) vocational and on-the-job training; (2) basic and remedial education; (3) relocation expenses; and (4) child care services. Provides for evaluation of the direct loan approach. Directs the Secretary to report to the Congress on such evaluation by October 1, 1990. Directs the Secretary to establish, through agreements with States, at least five self-employment opportunity demonstration projects to determine the feasibility and cost effectiveness of offering to workers just beginning to receive unemployment compensation the option of receiving assistance to set up their own business. Sets forth requirements with respect to: (1) eligibility; (2) rates of benefits; and (3) duration of eligibility. Directs the Secretary to: (1) provide for evaluation of the self-employment allowance system; and (2) report to the Congress on such evaluation by October 1, 1990. Directs the Secretary to conduct, through contracts with private industry councils, at least five public works employment demonstration projects to determine the feasibility and effectiveness with respect to: (1) developing skills that are marketable in the local private section; (2) assisting eligible participants to find jobs in the private sector; and (3) the impact on unsubsidized earnings and employment as an alternative to job training and employment services. Prohibits the selection of a local job project when two business representatives or two labor representatives who are private industry council members file an objection to the particular project. Limits to 32 hours per week the time an eligible participant may be employed on such a job project. Directs the Secretary to establish guidelines for local job project selection, including requirements for education, training, and private sector job search assistance. Requires the Secretary to: (1) provide for evaluation of the public works employment demonstration project; and (2) report to the Congress on such evaluations by October 1, 1990. Directs the Secretary to allocate funds to the States to implement demonstration projects for dislocated farmers, farm employees, and ranchers to determine whether a substantial number of such persons not currently participating in programs for dislocated workers could benefit from specially targeted assistance. Bases a State's eligibility for assistance under this program on: (1) the extent of the decline of farm equity within the State; (2) the increase in the average debt-to-asset ratio of all farms; and (3) the presence in the State of areas having significant farmer dislocation or potential dislocation. Sets forth formulas for determining the allocation of funds to eligible States. Includes a per State maximum and provisions for recapture of unused funds. Designates as eligible recipients of services under the State application farmers, farm employees, and ranchers who: (1) can demonstrate that the operations providing their primary occupation have terminated or are likely to do so because of foreclosure, bankruptcy, ongoing nonprofitability, and similar causes; or (2) are likely to leave their primary occupation because of an unfavorable debt-to-asset ratio. Authorizes specially tailored basic readjustment, retraining, and income support services. Requires the Secretary to: (1) provide for evaluation of the success of the special program for dislocated agricultural workers; and (2) report to the Congress on such evaluation by October 1, 1990. Directs the Secretary to carry out, through grants to nonprofit community development corporations, job creation demonstration programs to illustrate the effectiveness of such corporations in creating employment opportunities for eligible dislocated workers, especially heads of low-income families. Requires that grant funds be used to furnish technical and financial assistance for business concerns and other enterprises located in distressed communities to promote employment opportunities for dislocated workers. Sets forth information to be required in the application for a grant under the program. Directs the Secretary to: (1) give priority to applications with the highest percentage of dislocated workers who are heads of low-income families; (2) provide for evaluation of the success of this job creation program; and (3) report to the Congress on such evaluations by October 1, 1990. Authorizes the Secretary to use specified reserved funds to provide appropriate assistance and support for industry-wide and multi-State projects, in certain cases of mass layoffs and for other specified uses. Requires the Secretary to establish criteria to govern the application for and disbursement of these discretionary funds. Directs the Secretary to disseminate information on the effectiveness of programs assisted under this discretionary program. Amends the JTPA to: (1) authorize specific FY 1988 appropriations for title III purposes; and (2) revise the selection process for and composition of State job training coordinating councils. Expresses the sense of the Senate that each Senate committee that reports legislation requiring employers to provide new employee benefits: (1) secure objective analysis of the impact of the legislation on employers (especially small businesses), the economy (in terms of international competitiveness), and employees (in terms of levels and conditions of employment), before the committee reports the legislation; and (2) include an analysis of such impact in the committee report on the legislation. Directs the Secretary of Labor, within six months after the enactment of this title, to commence a study of the feasibility and competitiveness effects of providing portability for pensions for workers. Requires a report on such study to be submitted to the Congress not later than 24 months after such enactment. Authorizes appropriations. Title XXIII: Education for Economic Security - Provides that titles XXIII through XXXII of this Act may be cited as the Education for a Competitive America Act. Provides that this title may be cited as the Education for Economic Security Reauthorization Act. Amends the Education for Economic Security Act (the Act) to extend through FY 1993 the authorization of appropriations under title II of the Act for financial assistance from the Secretary of Education to State and local educational agencies and to institutions of higher education to improve the skills of teachers and instruction in mathematics, science, computer learning, and foreign languages. Extends through FY 1993 the authorization of appropriations under title III of the Act for the National Science Foundation program for partnerships in education for mathematics, science, and engineering to improve the quality of instruction, furnish additional support for research, student scholarships, and faculty exchange programs, and encourage educational partnerships among business, higher education, and elementary and secondary schools. Star Schools Program Assistance Act - Amends the Education for Economic Security Act to add a title establishing a star schools program. Cites the new title as the Star Schools Program Assistance Act. Empowers the Secretary of Education to make demonstration grants of up to a fiscal year maximum of $20,000,000 per grant to eligible telecommunications partnerships for the development, construction, and acquisition of telecommunications facilities and equipment and for technical assistance. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1992, subject to fiscal year limitations. Mandates that at least 50 percent of funds under this Act for any fiscal year be used for the cost of facilities, equipment, teacher training or retraining, technical assistance, or programming for certain local educational agencies. Sets forth eligibility criteria to identify eligible telecommunications partnerships, which must be organized on a statewide or multistate regional basis and be either: (1) a public agency or corporation established to provide education-related telecommunications networks to certain educational or health institutions or to industries; or (2) a partnership that will provide a telecommunications network and whose membership includes combinations of certain specified educational entities (especially elementary and secondary schools eligible for funds under title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 or such eligible schools operated by the Department of the Interior for Indian children) or public or private organizations experienced with telecommunications. Authorizes eligible partnerships to submit a grant application: (1) describing the telecommunications facilities, equipment, and technical assistance for which aid is being sought; (2) demonstrating that the services offered will increase the availability of courses of instruction in mathematics, science, and foreign languages; (3) describing teacher training policies to be implemented to ensure the effective use of the relevant facilities; (4) providing assurances that the financial interest of the United States in the telecommunications facilities and equipment will be protected for their useful life; (5) assuring that a significant portion of the facilities, equipment, technical assistance, and programming will be made available within local educational agencies having a high percentage of educationally deprived students; (6) describing how traditionally underserved students will participate in the benefits of such technology; and (7) containing other assurances and information as required by the Secretary. Directs the Secretary, in approving applications, to assure an equitable geographic distribution of grants and to give priority to certain applicants, including those partnerships that: (1) have the capacity to serve the broadest range of targeted institutions; (2) have substantial academic and teaching capabilities; (3) will serve a multistate area; (4) demonstrate strength in mathematics, science, and foreign language resources which by distribution through the partnership will offer new educational opportunities, especially to traditionally underserved populations and to areas with limited access to such resources; and (5) will meet the needs of individuals traditionally excluded from careers in mathematics and science because of discrimination, inaccessibility, or economically disadvantaged backgrounds. Requires each grantee to report to the Secretary concerning courses and materials to be transmitted by satellite to educational institutions and teacher training centers and to specify the locus and time of such transmissions. Directs the Secretary to: (1) compile and prepare for dissemination a listing and description of the courses and materials submitted by each grantee; and (2) distribute such list to all State educational agencies. Authorizes the Office of Technology Assessment, upon request, to: (1) conduct a thorough evaluation of the use of the telecommunications system supported by the grants awarded under this Act, and report to the Congress on such evaluation; and (2) study and evaluate the cost of designing, building, and launching a satellite for educational purposes, including an analysis of potential users' ability to repay such costs. Requires a report to the Congress if such study indicates that potential users would be able to repay such costs within ten years. Directs the Secretary of Education to coordinate the activities under this Act and any other Act relating to the improvement of mathematics, science, and engineering instruction with similar activities assisted by the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy. Authorizes the joint use of funds by such programs. Permits States educational agencies and State agencies for higher education to use funds under this Act for the improvement of mathematics, science, and engineering instruction to participate in programs or activities having a similar purpose supported or conducted by the National Science Foundation or the Department of Energy. Directs the Secretary to evaluate the coordination and joint support of such programs and to report to the Congress within two years after the enactment of this Act. Title XXIV: Foreign Language Assistance - Subtitle A: Foreign Language Assistance - Foreign Language Assistance Act of 1987 - Directs the Secretary of Education to make grants to State education agencies to fund model programs, designed and operated by local educational agencies, for the improvement and expansion of foreign language study for children who reside within their school districts. Sets forth formulas for determining the amount of such grants based on State population. Sets forth provisions relating to the availability of such funds. Sets forth grant application requirements for State educational agencies, including provisions for periodic student proficiency evaluation. Provides for program participation by private school children. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1993 to carry out this subtitle. Subtitle B: Presidential Award for Languages - Authorizes the President to make Presidential Awards for Teaching Excellence in Foreign Languages to elementary and secondary school teachers of foreign languages who have demonstrated outstanding qualifications in the field of teaching foreign languages. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1993 for such awards. Title XXV: Education for Disadvantaged Children - Subtitle A: Secondary School Basic Skills Achievement Program - Secondary School Basic Skills Improvement Act of 1987 - Amends the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act of 1981 to provide assistance to local educational agencies with high concentrations of low-income children to improve the achievement of educationally deprived children enrolled in secondary schools. Sets forth the authorized uses of such funds. Requires local educational agencies to include in applications for such funds a plan of operation as specified by this Act. Describes the process for the award of grants by State educational agencies to local agencies. Requires local educational agenices to evaluate their programs and report to the State educational agency at least biennially. Requires the State agency to make a public report of such programs at least biennially and to collect data on the race, age, and gender of children served by such programs. Provides for improving programs which show a decline in achievement of children served under such programs. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988. Subtitle B: Drug-Free Schools Program - Amends the Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act of 1986 to require State educational agencies to distribute specified funds for use among areas served by local or intermediate educational agencies or consortia on the basis of relative enrollments in public and private, nonprofit schools within such areas. Provides that FY 1987 funds may be allotted to local and intermediate educational agencies and consortia on the basis of their relative numbers of children in the school-age population. Title XXVI: Educational Partnerships - Educational Partnerships Act of 1987 - Declares that the purpose of this title is to encourage the creation of educational partnerships between public schools and the private sector in order to apply the resources of the private and nonprofit sectors of the community, particularly business concerns and community-based organizations, to the needs of educational institutions in that community designed to encourage excellence in education. Authorizes the Secretary of Education (Secretary) to make grants to educational partnerships to pay the Federal share of costs of the model cooperative programs for authorized activities. Includes among such authorized activities: (1) projects which serve educationally disadvantaged and gifted and talented students; (2) projects designed to enrich secondary school students' career awareness; (3) projects for foreign language instruction; (4) special training for staff to facilitate public school/private sector cooperation; (5) academic internship programs; and (6) projects to provide tutoring by private sector personnel. Sets forth application requirements and the Federal share of such activities. Directs the Secretary annually to evaluate grants made under this title. Directs the Secretary to disseminate to State and local educational agencies and other participants in the eligible partnerships any information relating to the activities assisted under this title. Title XXVII: Training Technology Transfer - Training Technology Transfer Act of 1987 - Establishes the Office of Training Technology Transfer in the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) of the Department of Commerce. Provides that the Director of the Office shall be appointed by the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretaries of Education and Labor. Sets forth provisions relating to staffing and staff compensation. Requires the Director to compile and maintain a current and comprehensive inventory of all training technology developed by or under the supervision of Federal agencies. Defines "training technology" as computer software which is developed by a Federal agency to train its employees and which may be transferred to or converted for use by a commercial user or a public interest user. Includes under such definition software for computer-based instructional systems, interactive video disc systems, microcomputer training devices, audiovisual devices, and programmed learning kits, and associated manuals and devices integrally related to the software program. Requires the Director, in compiling such inventory, to: (1) consult with and fully utilize the resources of all Federal agencies engaged in the collection and dissemination of information concerning training technology; and (2) request the participation and cooperation of entities in the legislative and judicial branches. Requires the Director to disseminate the inventory and its revisions widely and on a regular basis to give all potential users of training technology ample notice of its development by Federal agencies. Requires the Director, in doing so, to use all interagency and intergovernmental communications mechanisms and to encourage the participation of independent private sector organizations. Requires the Director to develop and distribute detailed instructions and procedures for securing copies, and rights thereto, of training technology listed in such inventory and guidelines for cooperative agreements between commercial users and public interest users under specified provisions of this title. Defines "public interest user" as: (1) any Federal agency which uses or intends to use the training technology of another Federal agency; and (2) any nonprofit entity which uses or intends to use the training technology of a Federal agency and which provides job training, vocational education, or other education services (including public school systems, vocational schools, private preparatory schools, colleges, universities, community colleges, private industry councils, community-based organizations, and State and local government agencies). Requires the Director to advise and consult with any prospective public interest user of training technology listed in the inventory and assist such user in securing the transfer and conversion of such technology from the Federal agency which developed it. Requires the Director to encourage such user to obtain such technology by working with the Training Technology Transfer Officer of such agency. Requires the Director, if an agency has not established procedures for the transfer of training technology, to negotiate the transfer of such technology upon application by such user. Authorizes the Director to enter into contracts with institutions of higher education and qualified private sector business concerns for the conversion of training technology in order to adapt such technology to the requirements of a public interest user. Requires the Director to advise and consult with any prospective commercial user of a training technology listed in the inventory. Authorizes the Director to sell or lease such technology, including exclusive or nonexclusive rights in patents or copyrights, to a commercial user for a price or fee which reflects a reasonable return to the Government. Authorizes the Director to waive, or negotiate reductions of, such purchase prices or lease fees, or negotiate exclusive sale or lease agreements or other favorable terms for commercial users who agree to enter into cooperative agreements with public interest users or user groups. Requires such agreements to be acceptable to the Director and to provide for a conversion of the training technology, without charge, by the commercial user to meet the specific needs of the public interest user or user group. Requires the Director, in negotiating such terms for the sale or lease of training technology, to give preferential consideration to cooperative agreements which: (1) will result in enhancing the employment potential and potential earnings of the maximum number of individuals; (2) encourage and promote multiple uses of training technology converted by users with similar training needs; and (3) provide beneficial uses of training technology for small businesses. Requires any training technology converted under such a cooperative agreement to be: (1) listed in the inventory; and (2) available for transfer to any other public interest user. Requires the Director to: (1) study the effectiveness of training technology transfers and conversions under this title; and (2) analyze national needs for methods to convert training technology which are in addition to the method of cooperative agreements between commercial and public interest users. Requires the Director, within three years after the enactment of this title, to report to the Congress on such study and analysis, with the Director's recommendations as to whether the public interest would be served through the establishment of a program of grants to support the conversion of training technology. Requires all Federal agencies to cooperate with the Director in implementing this title. Requires Federal agency heads to report to the Secretary of Commerce if they find that their agency cannot cooperate with the Director for reasons of national security or any other reason. Directs the Secretary to report all such findings received during the preceding 12-month period to the Congress by July 1 of each year. Requires the Director to cooperate with the Federal Software Exchange Center of NTIS to facilitate training technology transfer between Federal agencies. Sets forth administrative provisions. Establishes the Training Technology Transfer Advisory Board and sets forth provisions relating to Board appointments, compensation, and meetings. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 and succeeding fiscal years. Title XXVIII: Higher Education - Subtitle A: International Business Education Program - Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to authorize the Secretary of Education to make grants to institutions of higher education to pay the Federal share of the cost of planning, establishing, and operating centers for international business education which: (1) will be national resources for the teaching of improved business techniques, strategies, and methodologies which emphasize the international context in which business is transacted; (2) will provide instruction in critical foreign languages and international fields needed to provide understanding of the cultures and customs of United States trading partners; and (3) will provide research and training in the international aspects of trade, commerce, and other fields of study. Requires such centers to serve as regional resources to businesses proximately located by offering programs and providing research designed to meet the international training needs of such businesses. Describes programs and activities to be conducted by such centers. Requires institutions, or combinations of such institutions, in order to be eligible for assistance, to establish a Center Advisory Council to conduct extensive planning concerning the scope of the center's activities and programs. Establishes the schedule for the Federal share of costs for such centers. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 and for each of the three succeeding fiscal years. Subtitle B: Post-Baccalaureate Achievement Program - Amends the fundings requirements of the Ronald E. McNair Post-Baccalaureate Achievement Program to raise the amount of funding that may be allocated for such program if the annual appropriation for the Special Programs for Students from Disadvantaged Backgrounds equals or exceeds a specified amount. Subtitle C: Miscellaneous Higher Education Provisions - Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to revise the insurance premium rule for the guaranteed student loan program. Requires the collection of a single insurance premium which shall be applied uniformly to all loans. Requires that such premium be not less than 0.5 percent nor more than three percent of the principal amount of the loan. Provides that a multistate guaranty agency may set the premium fo each State for which it has received advances as the designated State guarantor, with a single uniform rate to be set for the balance of the activity of the agency with other States. Permits a guaranty agency, after 60 days' notice, to cease to guarantee loans for students at an otherwise eligible institution if the cumulative default rate of loans at such institution in repayment exceeds 25 percent of the amount insured by the guaranty agency which holds the preponderance of the value of the loans outstanding at such institution (unless the guarantor is the designated State guaranty agency in the State where the eligible institution is located and insures loans for the lender of last resort in that State under specified provisions). Title XXIX: Vocational Education - Amends the Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act to increase the authorization of appropriations for adult training, retraining, and employment development and for industry-education partnerships for training in high technology occupations. Requires that special consideration be given to indiduals who have attained 55 years of age. Title XXX: National Center for Research and Development in the Education of Gifted and Talented Children and Youth - Directs the Secretary of Education to establish a Natioal Center for Research and Development in the Education of Gifted and Talented Children and Youth through grants to or contracts with one or more institutions of higher education or State educational agencies, or a combination or consortium of such institutions and agencies. Requires the Secretary to appoint a Director for such Center and an advisory committee to advise on the administration of this title. Requires the Center to conduct: (1) research on methods and techniques for identifying and teaching gifted and talented children and youth; and (2) program evaluations, surveys, and the collection, analysis, and development of information needed to carry out the objectives of this title. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1993. Title XXXI: Assistance to Address School Dropout Problems - School Dropout Demonstration Assistance Act of 1987 - Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1990 for grants to local educational agencies (LEAs) for demonstration programs of dropout prevention, reentry, information, and identification of at-risk students. Allots specified percentages of such funds to various categories of LEAs and educational partnerships. Limits the Federal share of project cost to no more than 90 percent in the first fiscal year, 70 percent in the second, and 50 percent in the third. Sets forth grant application requirements, including plans for dropout information collection and reporting systems. Sets forth authorized activities for which such grants may be used. Requires that: (1) at least 30 percent of grant funds be used for dropout prevention activities; (2) at least 30 percent of grant funds be used for dropout reentry persuasion and assistance activities; and (3) not more than ten percent of any grant be used for administrative costs. Requires that grants be used to supplement other funds. Requires grant recipients to cooperate with the coordination and dissemination efforts of the National Diffusion Network and State educational agencies. Sets forth provisions for auditing and withholding payments. Directs the Secretary to use a specified amount to conduct a one-year study of the nature and extent of the dropout problem. Title XXXII: Literacy Assistance - Subtitle A: Literacy Corps Assistance - Literacy Corps Assistance Act of 1987 - Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 and any fiscal year thereafter, not to exceed two fiscal years, for literacy corps programs. Authorizes the Secretary to make grants to institutions of higher education for: (1) the costs for participation in such programs and stipends for student coordinators; and (2) technical assistance, collection and dissemination of information, and evaluation of such programs. Subtitle B: Workplace Literacy Assistance - Amends the Adult Education Act to authorize appropriations for FY 1988 for the Secretary of Education to make demonstration grants to exemplary education partnerships for workplace literacy to pay the Federal share of the cost of adult education programs which teach literacy skills needed in the workplace. Subtitle C: Instructional Programs in Technology Education - Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 for the Secretary to establish a program of grants to local educational agencies, State educational agencies, consortia of public and private agencies, organizations and institutions, and institutions of higher education for not more than ten demonstration programs in technology education for secondary schools. Subtitle D: General Provisions - Provides that funds may not be appropriated for any programs under this title for any fiscal year unless the appropriation for the Adult Education Act is at least of a specified amount. Terminates the Literacy Corps Assistance Act of 1987 and its program one year after the appropriation of funds for the second fiscal year of its existence. Title XXXIII: Process Patent Amendments Act of 1987 - Process Patents Amendments Act of 1987 - Amends the patent laws to make it an infringement of a patent to use, sell, or import into the United States without authority a product produced by a process patented in the United States. Excludes products materially changed by subsequent processes or products which become a trivial and nonessential component of another product. States that no modification of remedies is available to any person who practiced the patented process, is controlled by or controls the person who practiced the process, or who had knowledge before the infringement that a patented process was being used in violation of this Act. Requires an infringer to have actual knowledge of infringement or sufficient information as to the likelihood of infringement before remedies are available to the patent holder. Makes remedies contingent upon the good faith practiced by both parties, as well as the need to restore exclusive patent rights. Requires a party to show good faith by requesting or responding to a request for disclosure by a manufacturer of all process patents owned or licensed to such manufacturer at the time of the request which could reasonably be believed to be infringed if imported, used, or sold in the United States by an unauthorized party. Limits requests to persons regularly engaged or about to be regularly engaged in the business. Requires requests to be made before a notice of infringement and to include a representation that the requester will submit identified patents to the manufacturer or supplier to obtain a written statement that these patents are not being violated. Requires notices of infringement to specify the patent allegedly infringed and the reasons why such infringement is suspected. Places the burden of proof in an infringement action to show that product was not produced by the patented process on the defendant. Makes this provision effective prospectively only, except where a specific product is already in substantial and continuous sale or use by a person in the United States on May 15, 1987, or for which substantial preparation has been made by to the extent equitable. Directs the Secretary of Commerce to report annually to the Congress for five years on the effect of this provision on the importation of manufacturing ingredients in certain domestic industries. Title XXXIV: Patent Misuse Doctrine Reform - States that a patent owner's licensing practices cannot constitute patent misuse unless such practices violate the antitrust laws. Title XXXV: Licensee Challenges to Patent Validity - States that a patentee cannot be estopped from challenging the validity of a patent to which it is licensed. Title XXXVI: Pharmaceutical Patent Term Restoration Act Amendments - Extends the term of a patent on new drugs for five years, under certain circumstances. Terminates a patent extension if such patent is extended because the Federal Food and Drug Administration has not made a final determination regarding the approvability of the supplemental new drug application prior to 90 days before the patent expires if the Administration subsequently makes a final determination disapproving such new drug application. Requires the holder of the rights to the patent of a qualifying drug to inform the Commissioner of Patents of the number of the patent covering the composition. Requires the Commissioner to issue a certificate of extension upon receipt of such notification. Requires the Commissioner to issue a certificate of termination of extension upon receipt of notification that such new drug application has been disapproved. Patent Law Foreign Filing Amendments Act of 1987 - Permits the modification of an application for patent protection filed in a foreign country if the original subject matter and modifications would not have required permission because of their detrimental effect on national security. Title XXXVII: Trade and Technology Policy - Establishes the Office of Small Business Trade Remedy Assistance in the Department of Commerce. Requires the Office to be administered by a Director of Small Business Trade Remedy Assistance. Requires the Director to establish and maintain a system for paying reasonable expenses incurred by eligible small businesses in connection with administrative proceedings conducted under U.S. trade laws if the Director determines such small business is in need of assistance in paying such expenses. Sets forth specified requirements with respect to the payment of such expenses. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1989 and each succeeding fiscal year. Transfers all functions of the Trade Remedy Assistance Office of the International Trade Commission to the Secretary of Commerce. Title XXXVIII: Interagency Committees and Commissions - Subtitle A: Council on Economic Competitiveness - Directs the President to establish the Council on Economic Competitiveness. Sets forth the duties of the Council, including to: (1) collect and provide information concerning U.S. economic competitiveness; (2) serve as a clearinghouse that identifies and monitors Federal, State, and local programs devised to increase U.S. competitiveness; and (3) report annually to the President and the Congress on the ability of the United States to be internationally competitive. Provides that the principal administrative officer of the Council shall be an Executive Director, who shall be appointed by such Council. Sets forth the powers of the Council. Requires the Council, at the request of the President or the leaders of the House or Senate, to consult with the President on issues related to U.S. economic competitiveness. Requires the Council to submit a plan to the President and the Congress that explains the activities it plans to undertake within its budget. Authorizes the Council to convene industry sector competitiveness subcouncils which shall encourage U.S. industries to become competitive. Requires the Council to monitor the effect of international trade and foreign activities in science and technology on U.S. industries. Requires the Council to transmit a report to the Congress and to the President containing Council recommendations for changes in Federal policy necessary to implement competitiveness policies. Requires the Council to transmit annually to the President and to the Congress a report setting forth the goals to achieve a more competitive U.S. economy. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 and 1989. Subtitle B: National Trade Data Bank - Establishes the National Trade Data Committee. Sets forth the functions of the Committee, including to: (1) formulate and implement a economic and trade information policy to assure the timely collection of data on trends in international economics and trade; (2) direct the Secretary of Commerce to establish a National Trade Data Bank to provide the private sector and Government officials with economic and trade data for policymaking and export promotion; (3) formulate policies to encourage international organizations and foreign countries to adopt systems to report foreign trade statistics; and (4) present recommendations to the Congress concerning changes needed to improve the accuracy of U.S. trade information. Requires the Secretary of Commerce, after receiving instructions from the Committee, to establish and manage the Data Bank. Subtitle C: Studies - Requires the Secretary of Commerce to conduct annually a study to: (1) identify U.S. barriers to U.S. exports; (2) estimate the increased value of U.S. exports that would result from the elimination of such barriers; and (3) examine national security concerns with respect to such barriers. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to submit an annual report ot the Congress on such study. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to conduct a study to determine the labor and physical resource needs of: (1) the U.S. economy; (2) critical technologies; and (3) emerging technologies. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to conduct a study to determine the relationship between the manufacturing base and other commercial activity, especially in the area of services of high technology. Requires the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to conduct an annual study to determine the impact on the domestic and foreign competitiveness of U.S. firms caused by the financial and regulatory systems (including antitrust laws) of those foreign countries which engage in practices that constitute barriers to trade or distortions of trade. Subtitle D: Interagency Coordinating Committee on Federal Participation in Sematech - Interagency Coordinating Committee on Federal Participation in Sematech Act of 1987 - Establishes the Interagency Coordinating Committee on Federal Participation in Sematech and an Advisory Council on Federal Participation in Sematech. Defines "Sematech" as a consortium of United States semiconductor manufacturers, materials manufacturers, equipment manufacturers, academic institutions, and Federal agencies, established for the purpose of: (1) conducting research concerning advanced semiconductor manufacturing techniques; and (2) developing techniques to adapt manufacturing expertise to a variety of semiconductor products. Requires the Committee, within 90 days after enactment of this Act, to report to the Congress its recommendations about whether the Federal Government should participate in Sematech. Specifies the contents of a favorable report. Outlines the duties of the Committee should a majority vote to support Federal participation. Requires the provision of grants and other financial assistance to Sematech in such an event, but limits the Federal share of costs to 50 percent. Makes the Committee a liaison between Federal agencies and private participants in Sematech. Directs the Committee to require Sematech to submit annual reports and provide for biennial audits. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1992. Subtitle E: Committee on Symmetrical Access to Technological Research - Establishes the Committee on Symmetrical Access to Technological Research. Sets forth the functions of the Committee, including to: (1) study the general concept of symmetrical access, which is the availability of equally valued technological knowledge and research across countries; (2) construct a description of the degree of symmetrical access between the United States and its major trading partners; and (3) recommend negotiating goals for the U.S. Trade Representative to follow in negotiations with foreign countries which are designed to increase symmetrical access between the United States and such countries. Subtitle F: National Critical Materials Council - Requires the National Critical Materials Council to prepare the national Federal program plan for advanced materials research and development under the National Critical Materials Act of 1984 and to submit such plan to the Congress. Amends the National Critical Materials Act of 1984 to authorize appropriations through FY 1992. Title XXXIX: Small Business - Small Business International Trade and Competition Enhancement Act - Amends the Small Business Act to require the Office of International Trade (Office) to cooperate with other relevant Federal agencies, including the Department of Commerce, the Small Business Export Assistance Centers, regional and local Small Business Administration (Administration) offices, the small business community, and relevant State and local export promotion programs to: (1) develop a distribution network for existing trade promotion, trade finance, trade adjustment, and trade data collection programs; and (2) assist in the marketing of these programs and the dissemination of marketing information to the small business community. Requires the Office to: (1) cooperate with the Department of Commerce and other relevant agencies, regional and local Administration offices, the Small Business Development Center network, the Small Business Export Assistance network, and State programs to develop mechanisms for identifying subsectors of the small business community with strong export potential, identify areas of demand in foreign markets, increase international marketing by disseminating information about market leads, goods and services produced by small businesses and linking potential sellers and buyers; (2) assist small businesses in the formation of export trading companies, export management companies and research and development pools; (3) work with other Federal agencies, the Administration's local and regional offices, the Small Business Export Assistance Center network, and the private sector to identify existing foreign language translation services; (4) work closely with the Department of Commerce and other relevant Federal agencies to disseminate data regarding the small business share of U.S. exports and the nature of State exports, make recommendations to the Secretary of Commerce and to the Congress regarding revision of the SIC code, improve the utility and accessibility of existing export promotion programs for small businesses, and increase the accessibility of the Export Trading Company contact facilitation service; and (5) make available to the small business community information regarding conferences on exporting and international trade. Requires the Office to work with the Export-Import Bank, the Department of Commerce, and the States to develop a program through which export specialists in the regional and district offices of the Administration, regional and local loan officers, and Small Business Export Assistance Center personnel can facilitate the access of small businesses to relevant export financing programs of the Export-Import Bank and to export and preexport financing programs available through the Administration and the private sector. Directs the Office to cooperate with the Export-Import Bank and the small business community to: (1) market existing Administration export financing and preexport financing programs; (2) identify financing available under various Export-Import Bank programs; (3) assist in the development of financial intermediaries; (4) promote greater participation by private financial institutions in export finance; and (5) provide for the participation of Administration personnel in training programs conducted by the Export-Import Bank. Directs the Office to: (1) cooperate with other Federal agencies and the private sector to counsel small business on proceedings related to the United States trade laws; and (2) cooperate with the Department of Commerce, the United States Trade Representative to increase access to trade remedy proceedings for small businesses. Requires the Office to report to the House and Senate Small Business committees on April 1 of each year on the implementation of the above provisions. Authorizes appropriations for the Office of International Trade for FY 1988. Requires the Office to undertake studies and report to the House and Senate small business committees on: (1) a competitive export incentive program for small businesses similar to the Small Business Innovation Research Program; (2) expediting trade remedy proceedings to increase access for and reduce expenses incurred by smaller firms; and (3) expediting export licensing procedures. Authorizes the Administration to provide extensions and revolving lines of credit for export purposes and for preexport financing to enable small business concerns to develop foreign markets. Limits extensions and revolving lines of credit to 18 months. Requires the Administration, when considering loan or guarantee applications, to consider export-related benefits. Authorizes appropriations for Small Business Export Assistance Centers for FY 1988 through 1990. Authorizes grants for small business development centers to include management and technical assistance regarding small business participation in international markets, export promotion and technical transfer. Requires the Small Business Development Centers which establish trade promotion programs to cooperate with the Administration's regional and local offices, the Department of Commerce and other relevant Federal, State, and local agencies to serve as a clearinghouse for existing trade promotion, trade finance, trade adjustment, and trade data collection programs. Prohibits Small Business Development Centers from trade data collection programs. Prohibits Small Business Development Centers from establishing separate Small Business Export Assistance Centers within the existing SBDC network of the same State. Provides that any participant which is eligible to be funded by the Administration as a Small Business Development Center may apply for an additional funding agreement to be used solely for new or increased activities to assist: (1) development of small business participation in international trade; (2) technology transfer; and (3) information dissemination and service delivery. Authorizes the Administration to enter into funding agreements with any nonprofit entity to assist in establishing Small Business Export Assistance Centers. Limits grants to a specified share of a $10,000,000 program and provides that the minimum amount of any grant application which is funded by the Administration shall be $50,000. Provides that applicants shall encourage small businesses to participate in international trade, provide small businesses with technology transfers which will promote increased productivity, and provide assistance to small businesses in marketing goods or services in foreign markets. Requires that applicants provide funding from non-Federal Sources equal to 25 percent of the grant in the first year, 40 percent in the second year, and 50 percent for the third and each subsequent year. Requires the Administrator to appoint an advisory committee consisting of three persons from the Administration, two Small Business Development Center directors and a chairperson designated by the Administrator from the membership of the Committee. Requires proposals for funding agreements to contain timetables outlining implementation of such programs. Provides that proposals for funding agreements may include programs to: (1) assist small businesses in exporting by identifying and developing potential export markets; and (2) develop a program in conjunction with the Export-Import Bank and regional and local Administration offices to enable Small Business Export Assistance Centers to serve as an information network. Provides that in states where no application for a Small Business Export Assistance Center is funded by the Administration the Administration shall establish mechanisms through its regional and local offices for carrying out such activities. Requires the Administration to develop an information sharing system which will: (1) allow participating Small Business Export Assistance Centers to exchange information about such programs; and (2) provide information central to technology transfer. Prohibits the making of a loan if the total amount outstanding and committed to the borrower from the business loan and investment fund would exceed $750,000 currently, ($500,000). Authorizes the Administration to finance single projects or applicants to the maximum extent permitted. Requires the Administrator to report to the House and Senate Small Business committees on the advisability of amending the Small Business Innovation Research program to: (1) increase each agency's share of research and development expenditures devoted to it by 0.25 percent per year until a goal of three percent is achieved; (2) make the Small Business Innovation Research Program permanent with a formal congressional review every ten years, beginning in 1993; (3) allocate a share of each agency's Small Business Innovation Research fund for administrative purposes for effective management, quality maintenance, and the elimination of program delays; (4) determine annually that each agency complies with the law that Small Business innovation Research program funding is not being accompanied by parallel reductions in other small business programs; and (5) include within the Small Business Innovation and Research program all agencies expending between $20,000,000 and $100,000,000 in extramural research and development funds annually. Requires the Administration to conduct a National Conference on Small Business Exports within one year following enactment of this Act. Provides that the Conference will bring together experts in international trade and small business development and representatives of small businesses, trade associations, the labor community, academic institutions, and Federal, State, and local governments. Expresses the sense of the Congress that both the National Conference on Small Business Exports and the Small Business Administration consider and make recommendations concerning the desirability of an international conference on small business and international trade. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the interests of the small business community have not been adequately represented in trade policy formulation and in trade negotiations, that the Administrator should be appointed as a member of the Trade Policy Committee, and that the United States Trade Representative should consult with the Small Business Administration and its Office of Advocacy. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the United States Trade Representative should appoint a special trade assistant for small business. Title XL: National Institute of Technology - Redesignates the National Bureau of Standards as the National Institute of Technology. Establishes the National Institute of Technology within the Department of Commerce. Declares that the National Institute of Technology shall serve as the lead national laboratory for the development and provision of the measurement and technological services essential for scientific, engineering, and technological progress, U.S. industrial competitiveness, improved product reliability and manufacturing processes, and public safety. Repeals specified provisions of Federal law relating to the National Bureau of standards. Requires the Director of the National Institute of Technology to keep the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology informed of the activities of the National Institute of Technology. Authorizes the Director to contract with the National Academy of Engineering and the National Academy of Sciences for advice and studies to assist the National Institute of Technology to serve U.S. industry and science. Title XLI: Technology Extension Activities and Clearinghouse on State and Local Initiatives - Establishes within the National Institute of Technology an Office of Extension Services to assist State and local governments by: (1) acting as a point of contact within the Institute for State and local governments and for private sector business; (2) working with the Federal Laboratory Consortium for Technology Transfer, the National Technical Information Service, the Office of Productivity, Technology, and Innovation, the Small Business Administration, and other Federal agencies to ensure that State and local governments and United States businesses have information about Federal research and development programs; (3) administer the Centers program established under this Act; and (4) administer the pilot State Technology Extension Program established under this Act. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to provide assistance for the creation and support of regional Centers for the Transfer of Manufacturing Technology that will be affiliated ith any nonprofit institution or organization that applies for and is awarded a grant. Provides for the Centers to enhance productivity and technological performance in United States manufacturing through: (1) the transfer of new basic manufacturing technology and techniques developed at the Institute; (2) the participation of individuals from industry, universities, State governments, other Federal agencies, and the Institute; (3) efforts to make new manufacturing technology usable by small and medium-sized companies; (4) the dissemination of scientific, engineering, technical, and management information about manufacturing to industrial firms; (5) utilizing the expertise of Federal laboratories other than the Institute; and (6) developing continuing financial support from various sources. Provides that the Center's activities will include: (1) establishing experimental automated manufacturing systems, based on the Institute's research; (2) disseminating Center expertise to a wide range of companies; and (3) making loans of items of advanced manufacturing requipment to small manufacturing firms with less than 100 employees. Authorizes the Secretary to provide financial support to any Center for a period not to exceed six years. Prohibits the Secretary from providing to a Center more than 50 percent of the capital and annual operating and maintenance funds required to maintain it. Requires that applicants for financial assistance provide assurances that they will contribute at least 50 percent of the Center's capital and annual operating and maintenance costs. Requires applicants to submit as part of their proposals a plan for the allocation of the legal rights associated with any invention which may result from the Center's technology transfer and research. Requires the Secretary to subject each application to merit review, peer review or other similar process and to consider: (1) the merits of the application; (2) geographical diversity; and (3) the percentage of funding from other sources. Requires that each Center receiving a grant shall be evaluated during its third year of operation by a panel appointed by the Secretary. Prohibits the Secretary from providing funding for the fourth through the sixth years of such Center's operation unless the evaluation is positive. Prohibits the Department of Commerce from funding a Center after the sixth year of operation. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1990. Requires the Secretary to establish a three-year Pilot State Technology Extension Program designed to provide financial assistance to State-operated activities which demonstrate innovative methods for the Federal Government and States to improve the technology of American business. Authorizes the Secretary to provide financial assistance to States which propose innovative new State activities to transfer federally-funded research, technology, and expertise to business in those States. Provides that the Secretary shall select and approve not more than 15 States and that grants may be for periods of one to three years. Requires that for each grant: (1) the proceeds must be used to increase the number of businesses served by the State's technology assistance effort and no part may be used for administrative expenses; and (2) the State receiving such a grant must provide assurances that it will pay at least 25 percent of the cost of the pilot technology extension effort while the State receives the grant. Requires each State receiving a grant to submit an annual report to the Secretary and the Secretary to submit a report to the Congress at the end of FY 1990. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1990. Establishes within the Office of the Secretary a Clearinghouse on State and Local Initiatives on Productivity, Technology, and Innovation to serve as a central repository of information on initiatives by State and local governments to enhance the competitiveness of American business. Requires the Secretary to: (1) establish relationships with State and local governments; (2) collection information on the nature, extent, and effects of State and local initiatives; (3) disseminate information on State and local initiatives through reports, directories, handbooks, conferences, and seminars; (4) provide technical assistance to State and local governments; (5) study ways in which Federal agencies can use existing programs to assist State and local governments; (6) make recommendations to the Secretary concerning modifications in Federal policies to improve assistance to State and local governments; (7) assist State and local governments in evaluating which types of programs are most effective in enhancing the competitiveness of American business; and (8) ensuring that the Clearinghouse coordinates its activities with the Office of Extension Services at the National Institute of Technology and the Office of Productivity, Technology and Innovation. Authorizes the Secretary to enter into contracts to collect information on the nature, extent and effects of initiatives assisting State and local governments. Prohibits the Clearinghouse from: (1) providing financial assistance to a State or local government to support the implementation of any initiative other than financial assistance necessary for the conduct of such an initiative; (2) providing financial assistance to support State and local government initiatives through the conduct of public works or the repair or replacement of infrastructure; (3) assisting State and local governments in efforts to encourage a private business to locate in a State or local jurisdiction; and (4) considering any issue included in a specific labor-management agreement without the consent of all parties to the agreement. Requires the Secretary to transmit to the Congress an annual report on initiatives by State and local governments to enhance the competitiveness of American businesses. Title XLII: Advanced Technology Program - Amends the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 to establish an Advanced Technology Program to assist United States industry to create the generic technology to: (1) commercialize economically significant new scientific discoveries rapidly; and (2) refine advanced manufacturing technologies. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to: (1) enter into contracts with United States businesses with less than 500 employees when such contracts will significantly promote the commercialization of a new scientific discovery or technology; and (2) encourage United States companies to form joint research ventures to create the generic technology for rapid commercialization. Sets forth limitations on such contract. Authorizes the Secretary and the Director to create such advisory mechanisms as they consider appropriate to provide merit review, peer review, or similar review. Requires the Secretary to ensure that no individual assigned to review a particular application has a conflict of interest. Title XLIII: Reports on Semiconductors, Superconductors, and Advanced Manufacturing Technology - Requires the President, at the time of the submission of his FY 1989 budget request to the Congress, to also submit a report on his policies and budget proposals regarding: (1) Federal research in semiconductors and semiconductor manufacturing technology; (2) Federal research and acquisition policies for fiber optics and optical-electronic technologies; and (3) Federal research to assist U.S. industry to develop advanced manufacturing technologies for the production of durable and nondurable goods. Directs the Secretary of Commerce to enter into contracts with the National Academies of Engineering and Sciences for a review of major policy issues regarding U.S. semiconductor technology. Sets forth the functions of the review panel, including to: (1) collect information regarding U.S. semiconductor technology and optical-electronics; (2) monitor the U.S. competitiveness in such technologies; and (3) identify new semiconductor technologies that will affect national defense and U.S. competitiveness. Directs the Secretary of Commerce to enter into contracts with the National Academies of Engineering and Sciences to review major policy issues regarding U.S. commercial and national defense applications of superconductors. Requires such review panel to submit a report to the President and the Congress regarding methods to enhance the development of improved superconductors and commercial and national defense applications of superconductors. Title XLIV: Authorization of Appropriations for Technology Activities - Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 to the Secretary of Commerce to carry out the following activities performed by the National Institute of Technology: (1) measurement research and technology; (2) engineering measurements and manufacturing; (3) materials science and engineering; (4) computer science and technology; (5) research support activities; and (6) research facilities. Authorizes the transfer of funds among such activities, not to exceed ten percent of the amount appropriated for such activity. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 for the Cold Neutron Source Facility. Amends the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 to authorize appropriations for FY 1988 for the Office of Productivity, Technology, and Innovation. Earmarks funds out of such appropriation for: (1) the Japanese technical literature program; and (2) patent licensing activities of the National Technical Information Service. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 through 1990 for the establishment of Cooperative Research Centers. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 for grants and cooperative agreements for technology and industrial innovation. Title XLV: Miscellaneous Technology and Commerce Provisions - Establishes the Office of Barter and Countertrade within the Department of Commerce. Sets forth the functions of the Office, including to: (1) monitor information relating to international barter and countertrade; (2) disseminate such information in a manner useful to businesses, educational institutions, and (3) provide assistance to enterprises seeking barter and countertrade opportunities. Amends the International Air Transportation Fair Competitive Practices Act of 1974 to change the period from 180 days to 90 days within which the Civil Aeronautics Board must make a determination with respect to a complaint that a foreign government is engaging in discriminatory and unfair competitive practices against a U.S. carrier. Provides for an additional 90 day extension with respect to such determination if the Secretary of Transportation finds that: (1) negotiations with the foreign government have progressed to a point that resolution of the complaint is imminent; (2) no U.S. carrier has been subject to economic injury by the foreign government; and (3) public interest requires additional time. Requires the Secretary of Transportation to report to specified congressional committees with respect to actions taken in relation to such complaint. Prohibits the National Institute of Technology from charging fees to research associates. Directs the Director of the National Institute of Technology to prepare a plan detailing the manner in which the Institute will make small businesses more aware of the Institute's activities and research, and the manner in which the Institute will seek to increase the application by small businesses of such research, particularly in manufacturing. Establishes the Commerce, Science, and Technology Fellowship Program within the Department of Commerce. Declares that the Program shall provide a select group of Federal employees on how the legislative branch and other parts of the executive branch functions. Title XLVI: Foreign Shipping Practices - Foreign Shipping Practices Act of 1987 - Amends the Shipping Act of 1984 to require the Federal Maritime Commission to investigate all laws, regulations, and practices of foreign governments and all practices of foreign carriers or of other persons providing maritime or maritime-related services in a foreign country which result in different conditions, in U.S. oceanborne trades, for U.S. carriers than for foreign carriers. Authorizes initiation of such investigation on the Commission's own motion or on petition of any person. Requires the investigation to be completed within 120 days after it is initiated, subject to one extension of 90 days in certain circumstances. Authorizes the Commission to order any person to file necessary information. Authorizes the Commission to order the response to such order to be under oath, prescribe the form and time of such response, and determine that information submitted under this provision, in response to a subpoena under a specified provision of this Act, or otherwise, shall not be disclosed to the public. Authorizes the Commission, when such different conditions exist, after notice and opportunity for comment, to take any action it considers necessary, including limiting sailings, suspending tariffs, and suspending the right of an ocean common carrier to operate under any agreement filed with the Commission. Requires that, before an order becomes effective or a request is made by the Commission for an action by the collector of customs or the Coast Guard under provision of this Act, the order must be submitted to the President who may, within ten days of receiving the order, disapprove the order, in certain circumstances. Requires, upon request of the Commission, when the Commission finds that such different conditions exist: (1) the collector of customs to refuse clearance to any foreign vessel identified by the Commission; and (2) the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating to deny entry of any foreign vessel so identified into the United States or to detain any such vessel from leaving one U.S. port for another U.S. port. Requires the Commission to include in its annual report to the Congress a list of countries generating the largest volume of oceanborne bilateral trade with the United States, an analysis of conditions being investigated, actions taken by the Commission, and any recommendations for legislation. Title XLVII: Assistance to Poland - American Aid to Poland Act of 1987 - Expresses the sense of the Congress that: (1) the United States and Poland should increase contacts between the peoples of the two countries at all levels of the government and between all sectors of the two societies; (2) as the human rights situation in Poland improves, the United States and Poland should normalize relations between the two countries and restore ambassadorial status to its ranking diplomats; (3) private and voluntary organizations and cooperatives should be encouraged to promote projects aimed at improving the quality of life for the Polish people; and (4) U.S. representatives to multilateral development banks should be forth coming and constructive in efforts to assist Poland. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 for purposes of implementing the 1987 United States-Polish science and technology agreement. Earmarks a specified amount of funds made available for agriculture, rural development and nutrition assistance to be made available for agricultural activities in Poland until September 30, 1989. Amends the Agriucultural Act of 1949 to authorize the donation of surplus agricultural commodities to nonprofit voluntary organizations and cooperatives operating in Poland. Authorizes the use of nonconvertible Polish currencies held by the United States for eligible projects approved by a U.S.-Polish Joint Commission. Describes such eligible activities as activities which would: (1) improve the quality of life of the Polish people; and (2) strengthen and support the activities of private, nongovernmental independent institutions in Poland. Specifies that such activities shall include: (1) any project to be undertaken in Poland under the auspices of the Charitable Commission of the Polish Catholic Episcopate for the benefit of handicapped or orphaned children; and (2) any project for the reconstruction, renovation or maintenance of the Research Center on Jewish History and Culture of the Jagiellonian University of Krakow, Poland. Establishes a U.S.-Polish Joint Commission to approve such projects. Specifies the membership of such Commission. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 and 1989 for providing medical supplies and hospital equipment to Poland through private and voluntary organizations. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1988 and 1989 for the support of the independent Polish trade union "Solidarity". Title XLVIII: Reducing the Trade Deficit by Eliminating the Federal Budget Deficit - Trade Deficit and Budget Deficit Reduction Act of 1987 - Requires the Congress, no later than October 1, 1987, to complete action on an amendment to the Constitution to require a balanced Federal budget. Requires the President, no later than September 15, 1987, to submit a balanced budget to the Congress. Title XLIX: General Provisions - Expresses the sense of the Senate that the Secretary of Defense should: (1) report to the Congress regarding his recent discussions with Japan; and (2) press for a commitment for procurement by Japan of U.S. fighter aircraft. Reaffirms U.S. policy to initiate programs to convert to the metric system of measurement as a means of reducing the U.S. trade deficit.

Trade and International Economic Policy Reform Act of 1987 - Title I: Trade Law Amendments - Subtitle A: Enforcement of United States Rights Under Trade Agreements and Response to Certain Foreign Trade Practices - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to require presidential action if the President or the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) determines that U.S. rights under any trade agreement are being denied or a foreign country's act, policy, or practice: (1) is inconsistent with, or denies benefits to the United States under, any trade agreement; or (2) is unjustifiable and burdens or restricts U.S. commerce. Requires the President, unless the contracting parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) make a specified finding or the President makes a specified finding, to: (1) suspend or remove certain benefits of the trade agreement, impose restrictions on the foreign country involved, or withdraw benefits under the Generalized System of Preferences; or (2) restrict imports of services; or (3) both (1) and (2); and (4) take all other appropriate and feasible actions to enforce such rights or end such act, policy, or practice. Requires such action to be devised to affect goods or services of the foreign country involved in an amount equivalent to the amount that such country restricts U.S. commerce. Requires the President to take all appropriate actions to eliminate, and/or to offset the effects of, export targeting if: (1) the USTR determines that a foreign country practices export targeting; and (2) the International Trade Commission (ITC) determines that imports of targeted merchandise are injuring a U.S. industry. Defines export targeting as any government plan consisting of a combination of actions that are bestowed on a specific enterprise or group of enterprises which improves the competitiveness of exports by such enterprise or group. Sets forth the alternative actions available to the President. Requires the President to report to the Congress on each action taken or the reasons no action was taken to: (1) enforce U.S. rights or eliminate unfair trade acts, policies, or practices; or (2) eliminate or offset the export targeting policy or practice. Requires the President to take all appropriate and feasible action to eliminate a foreign country's act, policy, or practice which is unreasonable or discriminatory and burdens or restricts U.S. commerce. Prohibits the President from taking action under the provisions relating to enforcement of U.S. rights if other action is required because such country has an excessive or unwarranted trade surplus. Requires the President, before taking any such action to restrict imports, to consider the likely impact that such action will have on U.S. agricultural exports. Requires the President, within 30 days of receiving the USTR's recommendation to take action to enforce U.S. trade rights, to determine what action to take and to implement such action. Authorizes the President to delay such determination and implementation for up to 90 days if: (1) either the petitioner or the industry that would benefit from such action requests the delay; or (2) the President determines that substantial progress towards a solution is being made. Requires the USTR to notify the ITC of investigations involving alleged export targeting. Terminates the investigation if the USTR determines no export targeting exists or the ITC determines that imports of the targeted merchandise caused no material injury to a U.S. industry or to the establishment of a U.S. industry. Sets forth the timetable for making such determinations. Defines material injury and sets the standard for determining whether a material injury has been incurred. Provides for remedies under the countervailing and antidumping provisions of the Tariff Act of 1930 if appropriate. Provides for the presentation of views by interested persons concerning actions to enforce U.S. trade rights. Requires the USTR to direct certain inquiries to the foreign countries involved in an investigation of unfair trade practices. Authorizes the USTR to request the foreign countries to provide documentation or permit verification of its information. Authorizes the USTR to disregard such information and instead use the best information available if the information provided by the foreign country is not timely, is incomplete, or is insufficiently verified. Requires the USTR to consult with the petitioner before delaying consultations with a foreign country in cases involving enforcement of U.S. trade rights. Requires the USTR to give at least 30 days' notice for the presentation of views by interested persons in such cases before making recommendations to the President on enforcement actions. Requires the USTR to consult with business and labor representatives of the affected industry and with other interested persons on the nature of the appropriate remedial action in cases involving export targeting. Requires the USTR to consult with interested persons within 90 days of identification of a foreign country's market access barrier that has a significant adverse impact on U.S. exports if such barrier is likely to be an abridgement of U.S. rights under a trade agreement and is not otherwise the subject of an investigation. Requires the USTR to initiate an investigation if the USTR determines that: (1) such consultations indicate that an enforcement action would likely result in expanded U.S. export opportunities; (2) an enforcement action would not likely result in U.S. exports suffering significant adverse effects; and (3) it is in the national economic interest to initiate such an investigation. Requires the USTR, subject to certain consultation requirements, to determine: (1) whether U.S. rights under a trade agreement are being denied or an unfair trade act, policy, or practice exists; and (2) recommend to the President what action to take if the determination under (1) is affirmative, and, in cases involving export targeting, the ITC found that injury, the threat of injury, or industry retardation exists. Changes the timetable for the USTR to determine whether action is required and to make recommendations to the President to: (1) 30 days after conclusion of dispute settlements or nine months after initiation of the investigation whichever occurs first, if a trade agreement other than the Subsidies Agreement is involved; or (2) nine months (11 months in export targeting cases) in any other case. Retains the current timetable for cases involving export subsidies, domestic subsidies, and combinations of export and domestic subsidies. Authorizes the President to modify or terminate an action taken to enforce U.S. trade rights if: (1) the contracting parties to the GATT make specified findings; or (2) the President determines that the foreign act, policy, or practice has been eliminated or is being phased out or that the action is not effective or that its continuation is not in the national economic interest. Requires the USTR to review and assess biennially the results of actions taken to enforce U.S. rights. Provides for publication of, and notification of the Congress of, any modification or termination. Requires the USTR to submit the annual national trade estimates to the House Foreign Affairs Committee. Requires such estimates to include, beginning on October 30, 1986, an identification of those acts, policies, and practices included in the analysis that had significant adverse impact on U.S. exports. Adds a new subchapter to the Trade Act of 1974 that creates special provisions regarding trade deficits. Requires the ITC to: (1) determine whether each major exporting country is an excessive trade surplus country for 1985 and for 1987 through 1990; and (2) determine if the percentage obtained by dividing the U.S. balance of trade deficit by the U.S. gross national product is less than one and one-half percent. Requires the ITC to report such determinations to the USTR. Requires the USTR, within 15 days of receipt of such report, to determine whether each major exporting country identified as an excessive trade surplus country maintained a pattern of unjustifiable, unreasonable, or discriminatory trade policies or practices that have a significant adverse effect on U.S. commerce and contribute to the excessive trade surplus of that country. Sets forth factors to be considered in making such determination. Provides that the USTR need not make such determinations with respect to countries with a percentage of less than one and one-half percent. Defines "excessive trade surplus country" as a major exporting country which has: (1) a bilateral export percentage (the value of nonpetroleum export to, divided by the value of nonpetroleum imports from, the United States) of more than 175 percent; and (2) a bilateral trade surplus (an excess of the value of nonpetroleum exports to, divided by nonpetroleum imports from, the United States) that exceeds the bilateral trade surplus for such country for the year. Sets forth surplus reduction goals for major exporting countries designated as excessive and unwarranted trade surplus countries. Requires the USTR to try to negotiate a bilateral trade agreement to achieve such surplus reduction goals with each foreign country that is designated as an excessive and unwarranted trade surplus country. Requires the President, if the USTR's negotiations do not achieve such surplus reduction goals within a specified time, to: (1) suspend, withdraw, or prevent the application of benefits of trade agreement concessions with respect to such country; (2) impose other duties or other import restrictions on such country's products; (3) negotiate agreements with such country; and/or (4) implement other governmental action which would restore or improve the competitive position of U.S. industries with that country. Requires the President to impose such quotas on imports from such country as are necessary to meet the reduction for the next year if the action taken under (1) through (4) does not achieve the surplus reduction objective for that year. Authorizes the President, subject to congressional approval, to: (1) reduce the surplus reduction goal for any excessive and unwarranted trade surplus country if the President considers that such country cannot meet the goal without suffering significant economic harm and develops an alternative plan for achieving such goal; or (2) waive the taking of other action with respect to a trade surplus country if such action would cause substantial harm to the national economic interest and an alternative plan for achieving the surplus reduction goal is developed. Provides for the administration of the provisions relating to trade deficits. Subtitle B: Relief from Injury Caused by Import Competition, Subsidies, Dumping, and Unfair Trade Practices - Chapter 1: Relief from Injury Caused by Import Competition - Requires petitions for import relief to: (1) include a statement describing the specific purposes for which import relief is being sought; (2) if critical circumstances are alleged to exist, include information supporting that allegation; and (3) if desired by the petitioner, request the preparation of an industry adjustment plan. Authorizes petitioners alleging import competition from a perishable product to request emergency action. Provides that the USTR, if the USTR makes a preliminary determination that critical circumstances exist: (1) shall order the suspension of the liquidation of all articles subject to such determination; and (2) may order the posting of a security deposit for the entry of articles subject to such suspension. Sets forth the duration of such actions. Prohibits taking such actions with respect to perishable products. Declares that critical circumstances exist if a substantial increase in the quantity of imports of an article over a relatively short time has led to circumstances in which a delay in granting effect import relief would cause harm that would significantly impair the effectiveness of such relief. Requires the USTR, if the petitioner requests an industry adjustment plan, to establish an industry advisory group which shall prepare the adjustment plan for the industry concerned and submit the plan to the ITC. Provides that such plan should contain: (1) an assessment of the industry's current problems and a strategy to enhance its competitiveness; (2) objectives and specific steps that could be undertaken to improve the industry's competitiveness; and (3) actions that Federal agencies could take to help achieve those objectives and to remedy the dislocation to workers and communities caused by import competition. Requires the USTR to try to obtain, on a confidential basis, information from workers and firms on: (1) how the workers and firms intend to act upon the objectives and steps specified in the plan; and (2) any other actions the workers or firms intend to take to foster such objectives. Requires the USTR to transmit such information to the ITC, the Secretary of Labor, and the Secretary of Commerce on a confidential basis. Requires the ITC to investigate whether an article is being imported in such increased quantities as to be a substantial cause of serious injury, or threat of injury, to the domestic industry producing an article like or directly competitive with the imported article upon: (1) the filing of a petition; (2) the request of the President or the USTR; (3) resolution of either the House of Representatives Ways and Means Committee or the Senate Finance Committee; or (4) its own motion. Sets forth economic factors that the ITC shall consider in making its determination. Defines "domestic industry" for purposes of making such determination. Requires the ITC, in the course of any such investigation, to: (1) investigate and report on efforts by firms and workers in the industry to increase the industry's competitiveness; (2) investigate any factor which may be contributing to increased imports of the article under investigation and notify the appropriate agency if the ITC has reason to believe that dumping is causing the increased imports; and (3) hold public hearings on the subject of the investigation. Requires the ITC, if it finds that serious injury or threat of serious injury exists, to: (1) determine the import relief that is necessary to prevent or remedy that injury or threat; and (2) if the petition alleged critical circumstances, determine if critical circumstances exist. Requires the ITC to report its findings to the USTR within six months of the date the petition is filed. Sets forth information to be included in the report, including a copy of the industry adjustment plan and an estimate of the effect of the recommended import relief on consumers and competitors in the domestic markets. Requires the ITC, within 48 hours of finding that serious injury or the threat of serious injury exists with respect to any article, to notify the Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of Commerce of: (1) the finding; (2) the identity of the domestic producers and products within the scope of the finding; and (3) all nonconfidential information obtained by the ITC that may be relevant to a determination of eligibility for adjustment assistance. Prohibits another import relief investigation with respect to the same subject matter unless one year has passed since the ITC's report or the ITC determines that good cause for such repeat investigation exists. Requires the USTR, after receiving an ITC report with an affirmative finding of injurious increased imports, to provide import relief (for up to five years) in order to prevent the injury and to facilitate the industry's orderly adjustment to competition, unless providing import relief is not in the national economic interest. Authorizes the USTR to condition the provision of import relief on compliance with the industry adjustment plan. Sets a 60-day deadline for the USTR to make such determinations. Sets forth factors the USTR shall consider in determining whether to provide import relief. Authorizes the USTR to request a supplemental report from the ITC which shall be provided by the ITC within 30 days. Requires the USTR to submit to the Congress for review: (1) the determination of what import relief to provide (and if such relief differs from the ITC's recommendation, the reasons for such difference) and its likely impact on U.S. agricultural exports; (2) if the USTR determines that import relief is not in the national economic interest, the reasons for such determination; or (3) notice of and the rationale for any other import relief action implemented by the USTR. Requires the implementation of the import relief recommended by the ITC if the Congress vetoes a USTR determination not to provide import relief or to provide import relief different from the import relief recommended by the ITC. Requires the import relief to be implemented within a specified time unless the USTR decides to negotiate an orderly marketing agreement. Authorizes the USTR to negotiate orderly marketing agreements and, after such agreements take effect, to suspend or terminate any import relief previously provided. Authorizes the USTR to provide other import relief if after being negotiated an orderly marketing agreement does not continue to be effective. Provides for treating as an increase in duty the suspension of: (1) certain tariff provisions with respect to an article; and (2) the designation of any article as eligible for tariff preferences. Prohibits such suspension from being made by the USTR or recommended by the ITC unless specified conditions are met. Sets forth regulatory authority for providing import relief. Provides for the extension, modification, and termination of import relief provisions. Requires the ITC to review, and report annually to the USTR on, developments with respect to an industry receiving import relief so long as such relief remains in effect. Requires the ITC to advise the USTR on the probable economic effect on the industry concerned of the extension, reduction, or termination of the import relief. Prohibits another ITC import relief investigation with respect to an article unless two years have passed since the previous relief was provided. Authorizes the USTR to take import relief actions only after consideration of the relation of such actions to U.S. international obligations. Imposes certain conditions on treating production located in a major geographic area as the "domestic industry" for import relief purposes. Authorizes an import relief petitioner who alleged injury from imports of a perishable product to file, in addition, a request with the Secretary of Agriculture that emergency action be taken with respect to that product. Requires the Secretary of Agriculture to decide, within 20 days: (1) whether there is reason to believe that the perishable product is being imported in such increased quantities as to be a substantial cause of, or threat of, serious injury to the competing domestic industry; and (2) if there is such reason to believe, whether emergency action is warranted. Provides for refiling, after a specified time, a request for emergency action if the Secretary denies the first request. Requires the Secretary of Agriculture, if the Secretary decides to grant such request, to: (1) determine the method and extent of emergency action to be imposed; (2) notify the USTR of such request; and (3) unless the USTR decides within seven days that such action is not in the national economic interest, order the Commissioner of Customs to take such action. Defines emergency action as: (1) an increase in, or the imposition of, a duty; and/or (2) a modification of, or the imposition of, a quota on imports of such article. Imposes different emergency actions for perishable products from Israel or certain Caribbean countries. Provides for termination of an emergency action under specified conditions. Amends the Trade and Tariff Act of 1984 to add Chinese gooseberries to the definition of the term perishable products. Establishes in the Treasury an Adjustment Assistance Trust Fund that shall consist of the funds generated by certain import provisions and by the public auctioning of import licenses. Requires the amounts in the Trust Fund to be used for trade adjustment assistance for workers and firms. Requires that expedited consideration be given to petitions for certification of eligibility for adjustment assistance by: (1) workers in a domestic industry which the ITC, within the three years preceding the petition, has determined was seriously injured by imports; and (2) firms which are a part of such a domestic industry. Transfers from the President to the USTR the authority to take action in response to an ITC finding of market disruption with respect to imports from a non-market economy country (defined as a country dominated or controlled by communism). Declares that market disruption exists within a domestic industry whenever an article is being imported in such increased quantities as to be an important cause of, or threat of, material injury to the competing domestic industry. Sets forth factors the ITC shall consider in determining whether market disruption exists. Authorizes the ITC to recommend, in addition to other relief, a variable tariff based on a comparison of average domestic producer prices and average import prices. Authorizes the USTR to deny import relief with respect to imports from non-market economy countries only if the provision of such relief would have a serious negative impact on the domestic economy. Chapter 2: Amendments to the Countervailing and Antidumping Duty Laws - Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to provide that certain producers of raw agricultural products may be considered part of the industry producing processed agricultural products for purposes of bringing countervailing and antidumping duty complaints. Sets forth the criteria such producers must meet. Defines "material injury" for purposes of complaints involving imports of a raw agricultural product and products processed from such raw agricultural product. Classifies a coalition or trade association which represents either processors or processors and producers as interested parties in such investigations. Includes within the definition of domestic subsidy (and therefore subject to countervailing duties) the provision of capital, loans, or loan guarantees at preferential rates and the provision of goods or services on terms inconsistent with commercial considerations. Requires the ITC, in determining whether material injury occurred in an antidumping or countervailing duty case, to assess cumulatively the volume and effect of imports from two or more countries of like products if such imports compete with each other and with like products of the domestic industry in the U.S. market and if such imports: (1) are subject to any countervailing or antidumping duty; or (2) during the preceding 12 months were subjected to a final order, suspension agreement, or quantitative restraint resulting from such an investigation. Adds to the factors that the ITC must consider in determining whether threat of material injury exists: (1) evidence of export targeting by a foreign government; (2) the extent to which the United States is a focal point for exports because of market barriers in third countries; and (3) in dumping cases, dumping findings in other countries against the same exporter. Requires the ITC in such dumping cases to request information from the foreign exporter or U.S. importer on threat of material injury. Authorizes the ITC to draw adverse inferences if such information is not produced. Imposes special rules for determinations of the existence or threat of material injury involving fungible products. Includes in the definition of "subsidy" (for antidumping and countervailing duty purposes) any resource input subsidy. States that a "resource input subsidy" exists if: (1) (a) a product is provided or sold by a government-regulated entity for input use within such country at a domestic price that is lower than the fair market value of the input product and is not freely available to U.S. producers; and (b) a product would, if sold at the fair market value, constitute a significant portion of the total cost of the merchandise in or for which the input product is used; or (2) under specified circumstances, the right to remove such product is provided by that country's government. Sets forth the method of calculating the amount of a resource input subsidy. Defines "fair market value" and "input use." Requires injury determinations by the ITC to be made in all countervailing duty investigations relating to the existence of resource input subsidies. Requires the administering authority to adjust the foreign market value of an import if the administering authority determines in an antidumping investigation that: (1) a dumped input product is incorporated into or used in the manufacture or production of the import subject to the investigation; and (2) the manufacturer or producer of such import purchased the dumped input product for a price that is less than the adjusted foreign market value of that product. Defines "dumped input product" to be merchandise subject to an antidumping duty order or to a specified international agreement. Authorizes any domestic producer of an article that is like a "component part" or a "downstream product" to petition the administering authority to designate a downstream product for monitoring. Defines "component part" to mean an import that: (1) during the five years preceding the petition has been subject to a countervailing or antidumping duty order or agreement; and (2) is used routinely as a major part in other manufactured articles. Defines "downstream product" to mean any import into which is incorporated any component part. Sets forth information to be included in the petition. Requires the administering authority, within 14 days of receiving the petition, to determine whether there is a reasonable likelihood that imports of the downstream product will increase as an indirect result of any diversion of such component parts. Sets forth factors to be considered in making such determination. Requires the administering authority to notify the ITC if such determination is affirmative. Requires the ITC to monitor, and report on, the levels of trade in downstream products. Requires the administering authority to: (1) consider the reports in determining whether to initiate an antidumping or countervailing duty investigation on any downstream product; and (2) request the ITC to stop monitoring such product if the reports indicate that imports are not increasing and there is no reasonable likelihood of diversionary dumping of component parts. Creates a right to a private remedy for injury resulting from dumping. Authorizes eligible parties to sue for damages in the Court of International Trade: (1) any manufacturer of the dumped merchandise; and (2) any exporter, importer, or consignee who knew or had reason to know that the merchandise was sold at less than fair value. Provides that merchandise imported by or for the use of Federal agencies is not exempt from the imposition of countervailing or antidumping duties. Changes the limits imposed on access to confidential information obtained by the administering authority. Requires the administering authority to make all such information available under protective order. Imposes a 14-day deadline for determining whether to release such information. Prohibits the administering authority from considering confidential information in its investigation if the person submitting such information refuses to disclose it pursuant to a protective order. Imposes certain other requirements on service of such information, notification of the submission of such information, and timely submissions. Prohibits antidumping and countervailing duties from being treated as regular customs duties for drawback purposes. Requires persons making submissions to the administering authority or the ITC in antidumping or countervailing duty proceedings to certify that such submissions are accurate and complete to the best of that person's knowledge. Chapter 3: Intellectual Property Rights - Makes unlawful the unauthorized importation or unauthorized sale within the United States after importation of articles that: (1) infringe a valid and enforceable U.S. patent or copyright; or (2) are made under, or by means of, a patented process. Makes it unlawful to import or sell within the United States after importation articles that infringe a valid and enforceable U.S. trademark, if the manufacture or production of such article was unauthorized. Makes it unlawful to import a semiconductor chip product in a manner that constitutes infringement of a registered mask work. Declares that such prohibitions shall apply only if there is an existing or nascent U.S. industry relating to the articles or intellectual property. Authorizes the ITC to terminate an investigation by issuing a consent order or on the basis of a settlement agreement. Requires the ITC to make a determination with regard to a petition alleging unfair import practices within 90 days (150 days in more complicated cases) of the publication of notice of the investigation. Authorizes the ITC to grant preliminary relief with respect to violations involving intellectual property to the same extent as authorized under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Authorizes the ITC to issue cease and desist orders in addition to exclusion orders. Increases the penalty for violations of such orders. Transfers from the President to the USTR the authority to overrule for policy reasons ITC determinations of unfair import practices. Provides for default judgments against nonrespondents in unfair import practice cases unless the ITC determines that specified circumstances preclude such judgments. Authorizes the ITC to promulgate rules that establish sanctions for abuse of discovery and abuse of process. Imposes the burden of proof on the petitioner in cases where the petitioner has previously been found in violation of the provision prohibiting unfair import practices and the petitioner is asking the ITC: (1) to find that the petitioner is no longer violating the section; or (2) for a modification or rescission of the penalty imposed on such petitioner. Sets forth the grounds for granting such relief. Prohibits disclosure (except to certain ITC and Customs Service employees) of confidential information submitted to the ITC unless the petitioner consents to disclosure. Requires the USTR to prepare a list annually of those foreign countries that maintain the most significant barriers to market access for U.S. persons that rely on intellectual property protection. Requires the USTR, in order to create such list, to: (1) identify and analyze the market barriers of a country to certain intellectual property that is exported or licensed by U.S. persons that rely on intellectual property protection; (2) estimate the trade-distorting impact on U.S. commerce of such country's market barriers; (3) decide whether the potential market in that country is substantial; and (4) take into account certain other information submitted by persons who rely on intellectual property protection. Designates countries which have the largest potential markets or have the most onerous market barriers as priority countries for negotiating purposes. Authorizes the USTR to exempt a foreign country from such negotiations if negotiations would be detrimental to U.S. interests. Requires negotiations and consultations with priority countries according to a specified timetable in order to seek trade agreements which reduce or eliminate market barriers for U.S. persons who rely on intellectual property protection. Authorizes the President, within five years of enactment of this Act, to enter into agreements which meet such objective. Authorizes the President to take certain other actions if the President is not able to enter into such an agreement with a priority country within a specified time. Requires the President to report to the Congress on a biennial basis on efforts to obtain market access in priority countries. Sets forth information to be included in such report. Requires the USTR to consult with the appropriate congressional committees, Federal agencies, private persons, and certain advisory committees: (1) before identifying the market barriers, determining priority countries, and establishing the timetable; (2) in conducting negotiations; (3) in developing the report; and (4) in determining certain other actions. Requires the principal negotiating objectives with respect to intellectual property rights to be: (1) to seek enactment and effective enforcement by foreign countries of laws that protect intellectual property; and (2) to develop and strengthen international rules and dispute settlement procedures against trade-distorting practices arising from inadequate national protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights. Subtitle C: Trade Negotiating Objectives and Authority - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to provide that the overall trade negotiating objectives of the United States are to: (1) achieve a more open, fair, and nondiscriminatory international trading system; (2) obtain equitable and reciprocal competitive opportunities for U.S. manufacturing, mining, agriculture, and service in foreign markets; and (3) expand and improve the rules and procedures of the GATT. Sets forth the principal U.S. trade negotiating objectives. Declares that the overall and principal trade negotiating objectives are to be achieved through multilateral trade agreements (unless other agreements would be more effective) that provide for: (1) the reduction or elimination of trade barriers; and (2) the development, clarification, or extension of principals governing international trade. Authorizes the President, through January 3, 1989, to enter into trade agreements and to proclaim modifications or continuation of existing duties or duty-free treatment as of January 1, 1987, or additional duties as required or appropriate. Extends the authority of the President to enter into nontariff barrier agreements or bilateral tariff agreements until January 3, 1989. Extends the President's authority to enter into tariff and nontariff barrier agreements for an additional two years (until January 3, 1991) if, by November 3, 1988, USTR certifies to specified congressional committees that: (1) sufficient progress has been made under the trade agreement authority to justify the continuation of negotiations; and (2) such continuation is likely to achieve the overall and principal U.S. negotiating objectives. Prohibits the President from proclaiming, under the President's tariff agreement authority, the reduction or elimination of any duty on any article that, on the date of enactment of this Act, was not designated an eligible article under the Generalized System of Preferences. Requires congressional approval of any provision of a trade agreement entered into under the President's tariff agreement authority that reduces or modifies the duty on such articles. Requires the Commissioner of Customs, in the implementation of certain bilateral trade agreements with a foreign country, to prevent the transshipment through such country of articles subject to quantitative import restrictions under U.S. law. Requires certain additional information to be included in the consultations with congressional committees prior to entry into force of trade agreements. Sets froth information that must be included in the President's statement to the Congress accompanying a trade agreement. Requires the President, if appropriate, to recommend to the Congress in the implementing bill submitted with respect to a trade agreement that the benefits and obligations of such agreement apply solely to the parties to such agreement. Prohibits any nontariff trade agreement from entering into force from the date of enactment of this Act until the earlier of: (1) a specified international conference on the exchange rate system is convened; or (2) the President reports that such conference cannot be convened because of unwillingness of a major currency country to participate. Authorizes the President to take compensatory actions whenever certain import relief measures or tariff reclassifications occur, only if necessary to meet U.S. international obligations. Grants the President the authority, for five years, to enter into tariff agreements with Canada relating to, and to proclaim tariff modifications or eliminations, on: (1) frozen cranberries; (2) dialysis cyclers; (3) packaging goods for tea; (4) dried fababeans; (5) cat litter; (6) mechanics' tool boxes; (7) medical tubing; (8) synthetic fireplace materials; (9) spirits; (10) miners' safety lamps, components, and battery chargers; and (11) computerized paper cutter control retrofit units. Requires the President to exercise such authority only to the extent that Canada grants equivalent tariff reductions. Requires certain private sector advisory committees to report to the Congress on the extent each trade agreement achieves U.S. trade negotiating objectives. Requires each report by a private sector advisory committee on a trade agreement to be submitted to the Congress by the date that the draft implementing bill is submitted to the Congress. Requires the principal U.S. negotiating objectives regarding high technology access to be to eliminate or reduce foreign barriers to, and foreign government practices which limit, equitable access by U.S. persons to foreign-developed technology. Requires the United States, in pursuing such objectives, to take into account U.S. policies in licensing or making available to foreign persons U.S. developed technology. Subtitle D: Functions of the United States Trade Representative - Requires the USTR to: (1) have primary responsibility for U.S. international trade policy; (2) serve as principal advisor to the President on such policy and advise the President on the impact of other policies on international trade; (3) have lead responsibility for the conduct of, and be chief U.S. representative for, international trade negotiations; (4) issue trade policy guidance to other agencies; (5) act as principal spokesman for the President on international trade; (6) report to the President and the Congress on trade agreement programs and other trade issues; (7) advise the President and the Congress on trade agreement programs; and (8) be chairman of a specified interagency trade organization and consult with such committee in the performance of USTR functions. Sets forth the membership and functions of the interagency trade organization. Establishes in the Office of the USTR a Fair Trade Advocates Branch which shall assist qualifying industries in obtaining benefits under the trade laws: (1) by preparing and initiating cases for qualifying industries under the trade laws; (2) acting as an advocate in the proceedings of such cases; and (3) in pursuing administrative and judicial appeals of such cases. Requires the USTR to submit an annual statement to specified congressional committees of: (1) U.S. trade policy objectives and priorities; (2) the actions proposed or anticipated to be undertaken during the year to achieve such objectives; and (3) any proposed legislation to achieve such objectives. Requires the USTR to seek advice from certain advisory committees and congressional committees before submitting such statement. Requires the USTR and other Federal officials to consult with congressional committees with respect to actions which may require or result in changes in trade objectives or priorities. Subtitle E: Miscellaneous Trade Law Provisions - Amends the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 to require the Secretary of Commerce to report, within 90 days (180 days in extraordinarily complicated investigations), the Secretary's findings on the effects on national security of certain imports. Requires the President, within 30 days if the Secretary of Commerce finds that imports of an article are threatening national security, to: (1) determine whether the President concurs with the Secretary; (2) if the President concurs, determine what action to take; and (3) report to the Congress on such determination. Requires the President to take action within 15 days of determining to take action to adjust such imports. Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to require the President, after January 4, 1987, to waive the competitive need limits with respect to a country eligible for preferences under the Generalized System of Preferences if that country: (1) qualifies for a waiver under specified criteria; (2) is a Latin American debtor country having difficulty servicing its debt; and (3) has not less than 20 percent of its debt held by any combination of U.S. banks, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Bank. Sets forth a formula for allocating such benefits. Transfers from the President to the USTR all functions, authorities, and determinations of the President under the Generalized System of Preferences. Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to require the President's appointment of the chairman and vice-chairman of the ITC to be made with the advice and consent of the Senate. Deletes the restriction on appointing as chairman or vice-chairman the two most recently appointed commissioners. Directs the Secretary to prohibit for three years any multiple customs law offender from: (1) introducing or trying to introduce foreign goods or services into U.S. commerce; and (2) engaging or trying to engage any other person to introduce, on such offender's behalf, foreign goods into U.S. commerce. Provides for identifying such multiple offenders. Sets the penalty for violations of such prohibition. Expresses the sense of the Congress that: (1) the President should direct the USTR to negotiate an agreement with Japan under which Japan will import U.S. metallurgical coal in quantities equivalent to that used in the production of Japanese steel products that are exported to the United States; and (2) the President should report to the Congress by November 1, 1987, on such negotiations. Amends the Steel Import Stabilization Act to provide that any steel product that is manufactured in a country that is not party to a bilateral arrangement (a non-arrangement country) from steel which is melted and poured in a country that is an arrangement country will be treated for purposes of the quantitative restrictions under that arrangement as if it were a product of an arrangement country. Requires the Customs Service, if provided with documentation that a steel product was exported by an arrangement country to a non-arrangement country where the product was transformed for export to the United States, to treat such documented product as if it were a product of the arrangement country for purposes of quantitative restrictions. Requires the ITC to monitor, and report to the Congress on, imports that may pose significant problems from import competition for U.S. industries. Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to prohibit the ITC from releasing certain confidential information unless the party who submitted such information consents to its release. Designates the ITC an independent regulatory agency for purposes of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (allowing the ITC to override disapproval by the Office of Management and Budget of the issuance of a questionnaire to members of the public). Expresses the sense of the Congress that: (1) Japan should allow U.S. semiconductor manufacturers full and substantial access to the Japanese semiconductor market; and (2) the President should take all appropriate action to achieve access to the Japanese semiconductor market for U.S. manufacturers and should determine if Japanese market restrictions warrant a U.S. response. Title II: International Trade in Telecommunications Products and Services - Telecommunications Trade Act of 1986 - Sets forth the findings and purposes of this Act. Declares that the primary U.S. negotiating objectives regarding telecommunications products and services are to provide for: (1) the nondiscriminatory procurement of such products and services by foreign government-controlled entities that provide local exchange telecommunications services; (2) assurances that registration requirements for customer premises products be limited to a manufacturer's certification that the products meet certain safety standards; (3) openness in the standards-setting processes used in foreign countries; (4) the ability to have customer premises products approved and registered by type and mutual recognition of type approvals; (5) access to the basic telecommunications network in foreign countries on reasonable and nondiscriminatory terms for the provision of value-added services by U.S. suppliers; and (6) monitoring and effective dispute settlement provisions regarding the above issues. Sets forth seven secondary U.S. negotiating objectives. Requires the USTR, in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce and specified interagency trade organization, to investigate each foreign country in order to: (1) identify and analyze those trade policies and practices that deny fully competitive market opportunities to U.S. telecommunications firms; and (2) establish specific primary and secondary negotiating objectives. Authorizes the USTR to exclude any foreign country from such investigations if the potential telecommunications market in that country is not substantial. Requires such investigations to be completed within 180 days of enactment of this Act. Authorizes the USTR, sua sponte or upon petition, to investigate other foreign countries after the above investigations are completed. Requires such investigations to be completed within 180 days. Requires the USTR to: (1) review at least annually the potential market for U.S. products and services in countries that were excluded from such investigations; and (2) undertake such an investigation if the USTR considers such market to be substantial. Requires the USTR to report to specified congressional committees on the results of any such investigation. Requires the President to enter into negotiations with the foreign country or countries subject to such investigations in order to enter into trade agreements which achieve the specific primary and secondary negotiating objectives established by this Act. Provides that if the President is unable, during the negotiating period (18 months after enactment of this Act for countries that have a substantial market for U.S. telecommunications firms and 12 months for certain other countries), to enter into a trade agreement which achieves the primary and secondary negotiating objectives, the President: (1) shall take whatever actions are authorized to achieve the primary objectives not covered by agreement; and (2) may take whatever actions are authorized to achieve the secondary objectives not covered by agreement. Provides for extending the negotiating period under certain circumstances. Requires the President to take those actions which most directly affect telecommunications trade with such country. Authorizes the President to take any of the following actions: (1) terminate, withdraw, or suspend any portion of any trade agreement relating to a U.S. duty or import restriction on telecommunications products; (2) take any action described in section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974; (3) prohibit the Federal Government from purchasing specified telecommunications products; (4) increase certain domestic preferences for Federal purchases of such products; (5) suspend any waiver of such domestic preferences for such products; (6) deny Federal funds or credits for purchases of specified telecommunications products of any specified foreign country; or (7) suspend benefits accorded articles from specified countries under the Generalized System of Preferences under the Trade Act of 1974. Authorizes the President to modify or terminate any such action if and only if a foreign country enters into a trade agreement that achieves the specific negotiating objective regarding which such action was taken. Requires the President to inform specified congressional committees of any such action. Requires the USTR to review annually each trade agreement to determine whether any foreign country's act, policy, or practice: (1) does not comply with the agreement; or (2) otherwise denies fully competitive market opportunities in that country to U.S. telecommunications firms. Requires the USTR, if the foreign country is not in compliance with a trade agreement or denies market opportunities to U.S. firms, to take certain actions to: (1) offset such foreign act, policy, or practice; and (2) restore the balance of concessions in telecommunications trade. Sets forth the actions the USTR may take under such circumstances. Authorizes the USTR to modify or terminate any such action if and only if the foreign country has taken appropriate remedial action. Requires the USTR to inform specified congressional committees of any such action, modification, or termination. Requires the President and the USTR to consult with the Secretary of Commerce, a specified interagency trade organization, and the private sector on what types of action to take if the President has been unable to enter into a trade agreement with a foreign country on telecommunications issues or if a foreign country is not complying with a trade agreement or otherwise denies market opportunities to U.S. telecommunications firms. Requires the President to keep the appropriate congressional committees and other advisory committees informed with respect to: (1) the negotiating priorities and objectives for each country; (2) the assessment of negotiating prospects; and (3) any U.S. concessions. Authorizes the President, during the 42 months following enactment of this Act, to enter into trade agreements to achieve the primary and secondary negotiating objectives established under this Act. Authorizes the trade agreements to provide for: (1) the harmonization, reduction, or elimination of duties or trade restrictions, barriers, or other distortions; or (2) the prohibition of, or limitations on, the imposition of duties or trade restrictions, barriers, or other distortions. Provides for the implementation of any such trade agreement through legislation or, if the agreement provides solely for unilateral concessions by a foreign country to the United States, by presidential proclamation. Provides that the benefits of any such agreement may apply solely to the parties to the agreement or not apply uniformly to all parties to such agreement. Authorizes the President to enter into trade agreements with a foreign country to grant concessions as compensation in order to maintain the general level of reciprocal and mutually advantageous concessions if: (1) the President has taken action in response to investigations by the USTR; or (2) the USTR takes action because a foreign country is not complying with a trade agreement or otherwise denies market opportunities to U.S. firms; and (3) such action is inconsistent with U.S. international obligations. Provides for implementation of such trade agreements. Title III: Export Enhancement - Export Enhancement Act of 1986 - Subtitle A: Export Promotion - Directs the Secretary of Commerce to establish within the International Trade Administration the United States and Foreign Commercial Service (Commercial Service). Transfers to the Commercial Service the functions of the United States and Foreign Commercial Service. Declares that the purpose of the Commercial Service is to promote and protect U.S. business interests abroad. Requires the Commercial Service to place primary emphasis on the promotion of U.S. exports, particularly from small and medium-sized businesses. Sets forth activities to be carried out by the Commercial Service. Sets forth administration provisions governing the Commercial Service. Requires the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Commerce to review periodically the current number of personnel assigned to U.S. diplomatic missions abroad to determine whether an adequate number of such personnel are engaged in economic or commercial duties to assist U.S. exporters and businesses doing business abroad. Requires annual reports from each major U.S. diplomatic mission to the President and the Congress on: (1) the mission's strategy to expand U.S. exports; and (2) the mission's efforts to assist U.S. industries in expanding export sales and improving their market position. Amends the Export Administration Amendments Act of 1985 to authorize the Secretary of Commerce to establish a Market Development Cooperator Program the purpose of which is to develop, maintain, and expand foreign markets for nonagricultural goods and services produced in the United States. Authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to enter into contracts with nonprofit industry organizations, trade associations, State and regional trade agencies, and other private industry associations to engage in activities in order to: (1) identify market opportunities; (2) introduce new products and processes; (3) eliminate trade and technical barriers; and (4) improve economic and trade relations between the United States and other countries. Defines the Market Development Cooperator Program as an export promotion program. Declares that it is U.S. policy to: (1) provide agricultural commodities for export; (2) support the principal of free trade; (3) support the negotiating objectives set forth in the Comprehensive Trade Policy Reform Act of 1986; (4) counter unfair trade practices and to use all available means to encourage fair and more open trade; and (5) provide for increased representation of U.S. agricultural trade interests in the formation of fiscal and monetary policy affecting trade. Amends the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 (Public Law 480) to include U.S. wood and wood products among the agricultural commodities that may be used in development projects funded by local currency generated by Public Law 480. Includes the construction of low- and medium-income housing within the definition of the terms "private sector development activity" and "private enterprise investment" as used in the private enterprise promotion provisions of such Act. Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to expand the number of agricultural counselors and other Department of Agriculture representatives overseas. Requires the Secretary of Agriculture to assist State agriculture departments in supporting export efforts of private companies. Amends the Agricultural Trade and Export Policy Commission Act to terminate the Agricultural Trade and Export Policy Commission within 90 days of transmission of its final report. Authorizes appropriations to the Secretary of Agriculture to conduct research that would enhance the long-term competitiveness in world markets of U.S. agricultural exports. Requires the Secretary of Agriculture to: (1) monitor foreign research and trade practices carried out to promote agricultural exports; and (2) report annually to the Congress on trends in the competitive position of U.S. agricultural exports in the world market, foreign agricultural research developments, foreign agricultural export subsidies, and the marketing in nonmarket economies of U.S. agricultural exports. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the availability of Federal export financing contributes to the maintenance and expansion of U.S. exports and can serve to reverse the trend toward overseas production. Directs the Secretary of State to report annually to specified congressional committees on the economic policy and trade practices of each country with which the United States has an economic or trade relationship. Sets forth information to be included in such report. Amends the Export Administration Amendments Act of 1985 to authorize appropriations for FY 1987 and 1988 to the Department of Commerce for export promotion programs. Subtitle B: Export Controls - Amends the Export Administration Act of 1979 to prohibit the export of any domestically produced crude oil unless specified conditions are met. (Current law applies such conditions only to exports of oil transported over the Trans-Alaska Pipeline.) Permits the use of distribution licenses for exports to China. Prohibits requiring permission to reexport goods subject to U.S. jurisdiction: (1) to or from any country which maintains export controls on such goods cooperatively with the United States pursuant to certain agreements; or (2) from any country when the goods to be reexported are incorporated in other goods and do not exceed $10,000 in value and do not constitute more than 20 percent of the value of the goods in which they are incorporated. Prohibits requiring permission to export (to countries other than controlled countries) goods or technology which, if exported pursuant to the COCOM agreement (Coordinating Committee on Export Controls), would require only notification of COCOM governments. Authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to require exporters of such goods to such countries to notify the Department of Commerce of those exports. Provides for quarterly partial reviews of the control list of goods subject to export controls. Requires all goods and technology on the list to be reviewed at least annually. Requires the Secretary of Defense to review the goods on the list of militarily critical technologies on an ongoing basis. (Currently such review is required at least annually.) Requires the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, to identify those goods subject to national security export controls which contribute least directly to the military potential of any controlled country and which constitute about 40 percent of all national security export controls. Requires the list of such goods to include all medical instruments and equipment and goods so widely available that export controls are ineffective. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to submit such list to the Congress and to the Coordinating Committee, within one year of enactment of this Act, together with the total number of goods subject to national security export controls. Provides for a gradual 40 percent reduction of the number of goods subject to such controls. Requires the Secretary of Commerce to review the foreign availability (to countries subject to national security export controls) of goods subject to such controls from sources outside the United States, including sources within such countries. Prohibits requiring a validated export license for exports of such goods to such countries during the period of foreign availability. Differentiates between cases of foreign availability in China and cases of foreign availability in other controlled countries. Requires the President to pursue negotiations to remove the foreign availability of such exports in any case in which national security export controls are maintained with respect to controlled countries (other than China). Requires the Secretary of State, in any case where national security export controls are maintained with respect to China or any noncontrolled country notwithstanding foreign availability in such country, to pursue negotiations with the country involved. Prohibits requiring a validated license for exports to such country if such negotiations produce an agreement providing for export controls by such country and, one year after the country has maintained such controls, the Secretary of State determines that such controls are comparable to the national security export controls imposed by the United States. Provides that such negotiations be carried out when certain technical advisory committees determine that the goods or technology with respect to which such committees were appointed have become available to a country subject to national security export controls. Imposes a timetable for responses by the Secretary of Commerce to allegations by export license applicants that foreign availability exists. Defines foreign availability in controlled countries to include availability of any goods or technology in any country: (1) from which such goods or technology is not restricted for export to any controlled country; or (2) in which such export restrictions are determined to be ineffective. Requires the President to include industry representatives in the U.S. delegation to the Coordinating Committee for purposes of reviewing the control list. Prohibits the Customs Service from seizing or detaining for more than ten days any shipment of goods or technology which are ineligible for export under a general license. Authorizes appropriations to the Department of Commerce for FY 1987 and 1988 to carry out the Export Administration Act of 1979. Authorizes appropriations to the Customs Service for FY 1987 and 1988 to enforce the export controls under such Act. Requires the Comptroller General of the United States to evaluate and report to the Congress on the activities of the Department of Defense regarding the review of export license applications for the exports to noncontrolled countries. Subtitle C: Debt, Development, and World Growth - Requires the President and the Secretary of the Treasury to take the necessary steps to continue ongoing negotiations with West Germany, the United Kingdom, France, and Japan and to initiate negotiations with other countries in order to: (1) coordinate macroeconomic policies so as to promote stable exchange rates and growth patterns; (2) achieve expansionist economic policies and agreements which have the specified purpose of increasing the market for U.S. exports and exports from developing countries; (3) promote growth-oriented economic policies; (4) encourage countries to base growth on a balance of foreign and domestic demand and to discourage excessive reliance on exports for growth; and (5) advise U.S. trading partners that the United States is prepared to retaliate in cases involving unfair trade practices. Declares that a key U.S. objective in economic summits is to obtain the agreement of the participants to adopt growth-oriented national economic policies and to increase the size of the market for U.S. exports and exports from developing countries. Requires such objective to be placed on the agenda of all economic summits to which the United States is a party. Requires reports to the Congress on such meetings. Expresses the sense of the Congress that increases in the development of developing countries and the economic recovery of the United States and other industrialized countries can only be assured if world trade is expanded and market access for all countries is increased. Declares that it is U.S. policy that any foreign assistance provided by the United States to developing countries shall be consistent with and supportive of long-term trade liberalization in those countries. Reaffirms congressional support for the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC). Declares that OPIC should increase its loan guaranty and direct investment programs. Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to require OPIC to issue at least a specified amount in guaranties and to make loans in at least a specified amount in each fiscal year. Provides for an increase in OPIC staff to administer its expanded programs. Reaffirms congressional support for the Trade and Development Program. Increases the authorized appropriations for FY 1987 for such program. Establishes such program as an independent agency of the International Development Cooperation Agency. Directs the President to establish an interagency group on countertrade which shall review U.S. policy on countertrade and make recommendations on the use of countertrade for enhancing economic assistance programs. Subtitle D: Protection of United States Business Interests Abroad - Expresses the sense of the Congress regarding international protection of intellectual property. Subtitle E: Miscellaneous Provisions - Amends the Trading with the Enemy Act to delete the provisions which set forth the duties of the Office of Alien Property. Directs the Attorney General to cover into the Treasury, to the credit of miscellaneous receipts, all sums from property vested in or transferred to the Attorney General under the Trading with the Enemy Act: (1) which is received after enactment of this Act; or (2) which is received before such time and which had not yet been covered into the Treasury, other than any such sums which are the subject matter of a judicial action or proceeding. Deletes the provision requiring an annual report on all proceedings under such Act. Exempts from import restrictions under such Act the importation of informational materials from any country. Directs the President to establish an interagency group to be known as the United States-Mexico Bilateral Commission which shall: (1) serve as the formal mechanism for the conduct of economic relations between the United States and Mexico; and (2) provide a channel of communication between the United States and Mexico pertaining to economic relations. Requires the Chairman of the Commission to report to the Congress every six months on the activities of the Commission. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the United States and Mexico should hold a bilateral economic summit. Sets forth the objectives of the summit. Urges the President to enter into negotiations with Mexico in order to begin talks between the United States and Mexico aimed at achieving such objectives. Title IV: Banking Committee Provisions - Subtitle A: Competitive Exchange Rate Act of 1986 - Competitive Exchange Rate Act of 1986 - Makes achievement of a competitive exchange rate for the dollar a top priority of the United States in international economic negotiations. Directs the President to seek to negotiate with other countries through an international conference in order to: (1) review the existing international exchange rate system; (2) develop an agenda for reform of that system to provide for long-term exchange rate stability; and (3) recommend proposals for better coordination of macroeconomic policies of the major industrialized nations and greater stability in trade, current account balances, and the exchange rates. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to establish a Strategic Currency Reserve, consisting of assets denominated in foreign currencies purchased through intervention in the exchange markets, to be used as part of a coordinated international strategy to achieve exchange rate equilibrium and a competitive exchange rate for the dollar. Directs the Secretary, in coordination with the Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, to purchase and sell foreign currencies from the Reserve at appropriate times to offset speculative movements of the dollar away from its competitive exchange rate or to assist the gradual movement of the dollar toward a competitive exchange rate. Requires the Secretary to submit to the House Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs and the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs a biannual report on exchange rates. Sets forth specified information to be included in such reports. Directs each Committee to consult with the Secretary and report to its House on the Secretary's intended policies. Directs the Secretary to transmit to the Congress all official U.S. documents submitted to the International Monetary Fund in the course of any requested consultation with the United States and all Fund documents arising from that consultation. Subtitle B: International Debt, Trade, and Financial Stabilization Act, - Chapter 1: Short Title; Purposes; and Definitions - Cites this subtitle as the International Debt, Trade, and Financial Stabilization Act. Chapter 2: Measuring the Impact of the Debt Crisis on World Trade, Development, and Financial Stability - Sets forth congressional findings with respect to the impact of the debt crisis on world trade, development, and financial stability. Chapter 3: Increasing World Bank Effectiveness - Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to instruct the U.S. Executive Director of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank) to propose to the Bank's other directors that a temporary adjustment be made in current disbursement practices of such Bank that would permit, for at most four years, full release of committed loan funds to the central bank of the recipient country at the beginning of a project period, when appropriate and upon request of the recipient country to the extent that: (1) adequate accounting safeguards can be maintained to insure that the terms of the respective loan agreements are honored; and (2) the recipient country adequately describes how the accelerated disbursement will contribute to long-term economic growth. Requires the U.S. Executive Directors of the multilateral development banks to propose to the other directors of such banks that each bank's share of any project loan already approved and awaiting disbursement should be immediately increased by the appropriate amount taking into account the current ability of the recipient country to meet its counterpart funding requirements. Requires the U.S. Executive Director of the World Bank to propose to the other directors of the World Bank that: (1) an increase be made in the amount of structural adjustment lending by the World Bank and any percentage limitation on the number of structural adjustment loans in such bank's lending portfolio be removed (reflecting the U.S. policy of favoring the addition of structural adjustment lending to the bank's loan mix); (2) appropriate action be taken to insure that the aims of such lending can be achieved; (3) the conditionality of structural adjustment lending should include innovative requirements designed to minimize any adverse impact of such lending on the lowest income groups in the developing countries; and (4) appropriate action be taken to ensure that such lending is consistent with environmentally sound and responsible development practices. Requires the U.S. Director of the World Bank to propose to the other directors of such Bank the establishment of a fund within the World Bank that would make small-scale credit available to lower income groups in developing countries which have had no access to such credit. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to report to specified congressional committees on the effectiveness of increased reliance on structural adjustment lending as a means of achieving economic reforms. Expresses the sense of the Congress that: (1) the problem of transfers of capital from developing countries must be solved before the international debt crisis can be resolved and economic growth in developing countries can be enhanced and sustained; and (2) the U.S. Executive Director of the World Bank should initiate discussions with other directors of the Bank to develop policy proposals to reduce the level of capital transfers from the developing countries and the impact of such capital flight on the economies of such countries and report any such proposal to the Secretary and the Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board. Requires U.S. Executive Directors of the multilateral development banks to propose to the other directors of their banks that each such bank should increase lending in order to reform the financial sectors of indebted developing countries. Requires the President to initiate negotiations with other member nations of the World Bank to: (1) provide for the establishment of a banking entity or affiliate which would be authorized to offer stock for public subscription and borrow money and issue bonds and notes; and (2) authorize such banking entity or affiliate to make or guarantee loans. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to study the need for a general increase in the amount of capital of the World Bank. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to report to specified congressional committees on the findings of such study. Chapter 4: Increasing World Trade and Economic Growth - Expresses the sense of the Congress that the expansion and liberalization of world trade can make an important contribution to the development of developing countries and sustained growth in other countries. Declares that it is the U.S. policy that any aid provided to developing nations shall be consistent with and supportive of long-term trade liberalization in those countries and in worldwide markets. Requires the U.S. Executive Directors of the multilateral development banks to: (1) propose to the other directors of their banks that all new loans or guarantees made by such banks shall be consistent with the reduction of existing trade and investment barriers or of market access limitations of the recipient countries; (2) vote against any loan that would be inconsistent with the advancement of trade liberalization and increased market access within recipient countries; (3) propose to the other directors of their banks that the structural adjustment loans and the sectoral loans not be approved until an assessment is made of the extent to which the extension of such loans will promote trade liberalization and market access; (4) provide information and assistance to U.S. firms interested in bidding on projects in recipient countries and investigate complaints by U.S. bidders about the awarding of bank procurement contracts; (5) promote opportunities for export from the United States; and (6) ensure that project loans do not contribute to world market surpluses. Requires the U.S. Director of the World Bank to propose to the other directors of the Bank that the Bank coordinate its actions more closely with the actions of the Contracting Parties to the GATT so that GATT actions that liberalize trade are rewarded by appropriate additional World Bank capital. Requires the U.S. Director of the World Bank to propose to the other directors of the Bank that the Bank seek GATT cooperation in acquiring information for and in preparing the bank's annual country-by-country review. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to arrange for the appointment of a foreign commerce officer to serve with each of the U.S. Executive Directors of multilateral development banks. Requires the President and the Secretary of the Treasury to try to continue ongoing negotiations with West Germany, the United Kingdom, France, and Japan and to initiate negotiations with other countries in order to: (1) coordinate macroeconomic policies to promote economic growth and stable exchange rates; (2) achieve sustained economic growth and thereby increase the market for exports from the United States and developing countries; (3) promote growth-oriented economic policies; and (4) encourage all countries to base growth on a balance of foreign and domestic demand. Declares that a key U.S. objective in its participation in international economics or trade discussions is to encourage industrial countries to pursue policies that will promote economic growth and increase the size of the market for exports from the United States and the developing countries. Requires the President and the Secretary of the Treasury to try to place such discussions on the agenda of any economic summit and to report to the Congress on the results of such efforts. Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to initiate consultations with countries that hold debt of developing countries in order to examine possible options for reducing the debt burden of developing countries that export oil. Requires the President to arrange for bartering surplus agricultural commodities for oil from debtor developing countries. Chapter 5: Insuring the Stability of the International Financial System - Requires the Secretary of the Treasury, in conjunction with the Comptroller of the Currency and the Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, to explore the changes in the structure of U.S. capital markets and the regulation of private financial institutions which would be necessary to resolve the international debt crisis in a manner which is consistent with both increased growth in debtor nations and increased stability of the U.S. financial system. Sets forth certain proposals to be analyzed in such study. Requires the Secretary to report to specified congressional committees on such study. Requires the U.S. Executive of the multilateral development banks to propose to the other directors of the Bank that: (1) each bank make greater use of co-financing to encourage increased commercial bank participation in lending by such bank; and (2) steps be taken to make credits available to satisfy the capital needs of small businesses owned by the very poorest individuals in the developing countries. Chapter 6: Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency - Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency Act - Authorizes the President to accept membership for the United States in the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (a part of the World Bank). Provides for: (1) a U.S. Governor and Alternate Governor of the Agency; (2) application of certain sections of the Bretton Woods Agreement Act; (3) certain restrictions on U.S. financing of the Agency; and (4) Federal Reserve Banks acting as depositories of the Agency. Grants Federal courts jurisdiction over actions by or against the Agency. Chapter 7: Inter-American Development Bank - Amends the Inter-American Development Bank Act to authorize the U.S. Governor of the Inter-American Development Bank to agree to specified amendments to the Articles of Agreement. Requires the U.S. Executive Director of the Inter-American Development Bank to propose to the other directors of such bank that any replenishment agreement which is negotiated after enactment of this Act allow for the waiver of country program limitations contained in the replenishment agreement if the directors make specified findings. Subtitle C: Competitive Tied Aid Fund Act - Competitive Tied Aid Fund Act - Amends the Trade and Development Enhancement Act of 1983 to require approval of tied aid credit financing by a majority of the members of the National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Policies. (Current law requires unanimous consent of the National Advisory Council.) Requires the National Advisory Council to: (1) establish policy and procedure guidelines for tied aid credit programs; (2) oversee the operation of such programs; (3) recommend improvements in the manner in which those programs are carried out; (4) encourage private financial institutions to participate in those programs; and (5) develop a system for monitoring the use of tied aid credit programs by foreign governments. Sets forth specific duties with respect to establishing the policy and procedure guidelines. Requires the President to submit a quarterly report to the Congress on tied aid credit program activities. Sets forth information to be included in such report. Terminates the authorities contained in the Trade and Development Enhancement Act of 1983 upon certification by the President to the Congress that a majority of the National Advisory Council have found that: (1) the United States has reached an agreement with certain other countries that ends abuse of tied aid credits; and (2) those countries are honoring the terms of the agreement. Authorizes the Agency for International Development to use its Economic Support Funds to finance tied aid credit activities. Subtitle D: Council on Industrial Competitiveness Act - Council on Industrial Competitiveness Act - Establishes in the executive branch an independent agency to be known as the Council on Industrial Competitiveness. Requires the Council to: (1) gather and analyze information regarding the competitiveness of U.S. industries; (2) create an institutional forum where national leaders will identify economic problems inhibiting the competitiveness of industries, develop long-term strategies to address those problems, and create broad consensus in support of those strategies; (3) make recommendations on issues crucial to the development of coordinated industrial strategies; (4) develop and promote policies which enhance the productivity and international competitiveness of U.S. industries; and (5) assess and make recommendations on private sector requests for governmental assistance. Directs the Council to examine and make available to the public all international agreements on foreign trade that have been agreed to by the United States. Directs the Council to monitor, and maintain public records regarding, the effect of imports on domestic industries. Requires the Council, not later than one year after the date of enactment of this Act, to transmit a report to the Congress and the President containing recommendations for changes in any Federal policy necessary to implement effective industrial strategies. Requires the Council to make annual reports concerning the major industrial development priorities of the United States. Authorizes appropriations for FY 1987. Title V: Education and Training for American Competitiveness - Education and Training for American Competitiveness Act - Subtitle A: Education for American Competitiveness - Authorizes appropriations to carry out this subtitle for FY 1987 and each succeeding year. Makes available 80 percent of such funds for chapter 1 and 20 percent for chapter 2. Chapter 1: Education and Training to Strengthen the Competitiveness of Domestic Industry - Directs the Secretary of Education (the Secretary) for purposes of this chapter to make grants to State educational agencies (SEAs) for programs to improve the education and skills of our current and future workers in those areas that will enhance their productivity and competitiveness. Allots chapter 1 funds among States on the basis of relative numbers of unemployed individuals and of adults without high school degrees. Sets forth requirements for submission, contents, and approval of State plans under this chapter. Encourages States to coordinate services under this chapter with those provided under the Training for Industrial Competitiveness provisions added by this Act to the Job Training Partnership Act. Allows funds under this chapter to be used for programs of literacy training, vocational training services, and elementary and secondary education in mathematics, science, or foreign languages. Makes such literacy training available to unemployed or underemployed individuals, displaced workers, illiterate adults, and illiterate-out-of-school youth. Makes such vocational training services available to: (1) workers who have been or who are about to be adversely affected by foreign competition; (2) unemployed or underemployed individuals; (3) current employees, in order to make their existing industries more competitive; and (4) individuals in order to assist their entry into, or advancement in high technology occupations or to meet the technological demands of other industries or businesses. Provides that such elementary or secondary level instruction in mathematics, science, or foreign languages be through programs to: (1) meet needs not being met under the Education for Economic Security Act; (2) begin preparation for advanced courses and careers in mathematics, science, engineering, and technology; and (3) develop the specific technological and foreign language skills required by local industries and businesses. Sets forth eligible service providers under this chapter. Limits administrative costs under this chapter. Chapter 2: Postsecondary Education Programs to Improve Instruction in Mathematics, Science, and Foreign Language - Directs the Secretary to make grants to institutions of higher education for: (1) summer language institutes and science and mathematics workshops; (2) special equipment acquisition and workshops; and (3) educational partnership programs. Provides for competitive selection of grant recipients. Limits the amount of grant awards. Sets forth grant application requirements. Requires the institution, or consortium of such institutions, to assure that it will obtain at least one-half of the cost of the programs with non-Federal funds. Provides that the grants for summer institutes (either here or abroad) for institutions of higher education and local educational agencies to provide advanced instruction to students in mathematics, science, and computer technology may be used for: (1) costs of resource sharing with government, private business, industry, and institutions; (2) stipends or salary supplements for university faculty and staff involved; (3) curriculum development; (4) textbooks, materials, and supplies; and (5) student transportation costs. Prohibits such funds from being used in connection with the general overhead costs of the applicant. Chapter 3: Educational Telecommunications - Provides for a national educational telecommunications demonstration program. Authorizes the Secretary to provide matching grant assistance to a nonprofit State corporation for a model regional advanced educational telecommunications network and technology resource centers. Authorizes appropriations for such purpose. Chapter 4: College Research Facilities - Directs the Secretary to establish a university research laboratory modernization program. Requires the criteria for funding a project at any university to include: (1) the quality of the research and training at such facilities; (2) the congruence of the institution's research activities with the future research needs of certain Federal agencies; and (3) the contribution which the project will make toward meeting national, regional, and State research and training needs. Allocates 15 percent of the funds available for such program for awards to institutions that received less than $10,000,000 in Federal research and development aid in each of the two preceding fiscal years. Authorizes appropriations to carry out this chapter. Subtitle B: Training for Industrial Competitiveness - Authorizes appropriations to carry out this subtitle for FY 1987 and succeeding fiscal years and to fund programs added by this Act to the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA). Sets forth a formula for allocating such funds. Amends title IV (Federally Administered Programs) of the JTPA to add a new part H: Training for Industrial Competitiveness. Directs the Secretary of Labor (the Secretary, for purposes of this subtitle) to: (1) provide training and employment assistance to trade-impacted workers; (2) provide financial and technical assistance to labor-management committees; and (3) establish demonstration programs to improve worker adjustment to changing world markets. Sets forth requirements for trade-impacted worker assistance programs. Directs the Secretary to provide, on a competitive basis, financial assistance to eligible public or private nonprofit programs for training and employment assistance to eligible workers in industries that the Secretary determines have been adversely affected by international trade. Allows eligible individuals to be provided with: (1) intensive job search assistance; (2) basic skills training and other educational assistance; (3) job training; (4) job development; (5) training in job skills for which demand exceeds supply; (6) supportive services, including commuting assistance and financial and personal counseling; (7) pre-layoff assistance; and (8) relocation assistance. Authorizes subsistence stipends if the enrolled individual is not currently receiving unemployment compensation or trade readjustment assistance. Includes specified considerations under criteria for determining if an industry has been adversely affected by international trade. Sets forth requirements for joint labor-management training programs. Directs the Secretary to award, on a competitive basis, grants to labor-management committees to provide not more than one-half of the cost of programs of training, retraining, and education for eligible workers. Sets forth grant eligibility requirements for labor-management committees and program eligibility requirements for workers. Allows committees to use grant funds to provide the following services to eligible workers: (1) early warning adjustment services in the event of mass layoffs or plant closings; (2) aptitude testing and career counseling; (3) on-the-job training; (4) institutional training; (5) tuition assistance; (6) upgrading of skills; and (7) education, including basic skills, literacy training, and more advanced education. Sets forth requirements for cooperative agreements for such committees. Sets forth requirements for demonstration programs. Directs the Secretary, within six months after enactment of this Act, to establish programs to demonstrate the feasibility of providing worker retraining payments to workers who: (1) are or were employed in an industry determined to have been adversely affected by international trade; and (2) meet specified criteria for dislocated workers. Limits such payments to $4,000 each, to enable such workers to purchase their own job search, education, training, and retraining services from certified providers. Sets forth program evaluation requirements. Directs the Secretary to report to the Congress on such programs. Adds to JTPA new provisions for State job bank systems. Directs the Secretary to make funds from this Act available through the U.S. Employment Service for the development and implementation of computerized job bank systems in each State. Encourages compatibility of such systems with other systems used in employment and training program administration. Requires special consideration to be given to the advice of State occupational coordinating committees and other users of such systems. Directs the Secretary, within six months after enactment of this Act, to commence a study of the feasibility of providing portability for pensions and health benefits for dislocated workers. Requires such study to also evaluate the benefits of providing early retirement benefits without penalty for older dislocated workers. Requires a report of such study to be submitted to the Congress within 18 months after enactment of this Act. Requires the Secretary to maintain data on the mass layoffs or closings that are caused by or substantially related to international trade. Directs the Secretary, under JTPA and in coordination with the Secretary of Agriculture, to develop statistical data relating to the permanent dislocation of farmers and ranchers due to farm and ranch failures, including those caused by or substantially related to international trade. Directs the Secretary to publish an annual report on such data, including an analysis of whether farmers and ranchers are being adequately counted in the annual employment and unemployment rates. Directs the Secretary to study and report annually to the Congress on the countries that fail to recognize and enforce, and the foreign producers that fail to comply with, internationally recognized labor rights. Title VI: Agricultural Trade - Subtitle A: Improvement of Agricultural Trade Policy and Market Development Activities - Designates the Department of Agriculture the lead agency for agricultural trade, subject to subtitle D of title I of this Act. Directs the Secretary of Agriculture (the Secretary, for purposes of title VI) to coordinate Federal actions relating to agricultural trade. Requires the President to appoint, with the advice and consent of the Senate, in the Department of Agriculture an Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and International Affairs and an Under Secretary of Agriculture for Commodity Programs. Authorizes the President to appoint up to two additional Assistant Secretaries of Agriculture. Transfers the International Economics Divisions of the Economic Research Service and the World Agricultural Outlook Board of the Department of Agriculture to the Foreign Agricultural Service of the Department of Agriculture. Directs the Secretary to establish within the Foreign Agricultural Service a commodity division to promote value-added agricultural products not covered by cooperator agreements and to help to develop a cooperator organization to support the marketing role of the division. Directs the Secretary to establish an Office of the General Sales Manager within the Department of Agriculture. Places the General Sales Manager under the direction of the Under Secretary for Trade. Makes the General Sales Manager responsible for the Foreign Agricultural Service programs dealing with: (1) export sales; (2) market development; (3) agricultural trade offices; and (4) the requirements of title I and II of the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954. Directs the Secretary to establish in the Department of Agriculture an office which, under the direction of the Under Secretary for Trade, shall: (1) monitor the agricultural export trade promotion practices of foreign nations; and (2) submit quarterly reports of its findings to the Secretary. Requires the Secretary to report to specified congressional committees on the level of subsidies provided by other nations and the United States for agricultural exports. Directs the Secretary to establish an office in the Department of Agriculture which, under the direction of the Under Secretary for Trade, shall: (1) provide assistance and information to U.S. citizens and organizations damaged by unfair agricultural trade policies in cases before specified agencies; and (2) report on unfair agricultural trade policies to the appropriate Federal agencies. Requires the Secretary to report on the assistance provided by such office. Requires the office to coordinate with the Fair Trade Advocates Branch established under title I of this Act. Directs the Secretary to provide technical services to the USTR on agricultural trade matters. Directs the Secretary to prepare, for submission with the budget, a Long Term Agricultural Trade Strategy Report establishing recommended policy and spending goals for U.S. agricultural trade and exports for one-year, five-year, and ten-year periods. Sets forth information to be included in such report. Directs the President to identify any changes that might modify the long-term policy contained in a previous report. Directs the Secretary to establish within the Department of Agriculture an Office of Agricultural Trade Policy Planning and Evaluation which, under the direction of the Under Secretary for Trade, shall coordinate the preparation of such report. Declares that it is U.S. policy to use food aid and agriculturally related foreign aid programs more effectively to develop the markets for U.S. agricultural commodities. Directs the Secretary to report annually to the Congress on the extent that food aid and agriculturally related foreign aid programs of the previous year, other than direct feeding or emergency food aid programs, serve direct market development objectives for U.S. agricultural commodities and products. Directs the Secretary to establish in the Department of Agriculture the Office of Food Aid Policy whose director shall: (1) serve under the direction of the General Sales Manager; (2) help develop a comprehensive strategy for coordinating agriculturally related foreign aid, food aid, and market development objectives for U.S. agricultural commodities; (3) monitor the compliance of Federal food aid programs with Department of Agriculture market development objectives; and (4) serve as the principal staff representative of the Secretary in deliberations of the staff working group of the Subcommittee on Food Aid of the Development Coordination Committee. Authorizes the Secretary to make available to cooperator organizations commodities owned by the Commodity Credit Corporation. Authorizes the Secretary to contract with individuals outside the United States for personal services to be performed outside the United States. Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to direct the Secretary: (1) to give priority to interested foreign purchasers who have traditionally purchased U.S. agricultural commodities and continue or begin to purchase such commodities in equal or increased quantities; and (2) report to specified congressional committees every 30 days a current list of countries provided such commodities and a justification for their participation in such export enhancement program. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the Secretary of Agriculture should expedite the implementation of specified sections of the Food Security Act of 1985 relating to barter of agricultural commodities. Subtitle B: Domestic Markets for Agricultural Commodities and Products - Directs the Secretary to study and report to specified congressional committees on: (1) the effect of imported honey on U.S. honey producers; (2) the availability of honey bee pollination within the United States; and (3) whether imports of honey tend to interfere with or render ineffective the honey price support program of the Department of Agriculture. Directs the Secretary, in conjunction with the USTR, to study and report to specified congressional committees on: (1) the effect of imports of roses over a specified time period on the domestic rose growing industry; and (2) an economic analysis of production and marketing factors of such imports. Amends the Agricultural Adjustment Act to require the ITC to consider certain assessments imposed on tobacco producers in determining whether tobacco imports materially interfere with the tobacco price support program. Directs the Secretary to compile and publish data on: (1) the total value and quantity of imported raw and processed agricultural products; and (2) the total amount of production and consumption of domestically produced raw and processed agricultural products. Expresses the sense of the Congress that if a country, in violation of the GATT, imposes import restrictions on U.S. citrus fruits and beef products, the President should exclude imports of similar or other products from such country until such policies are eliminated. Subtitle C: Miscellaneous - Requires the following type of milk to be treated as other-source milk and to be allocated as milk received from producer-handlers for purposes of classifying milk under the milk marketing program: (1) milk produced by dairies owned or controlled by foreign persons or entities; and (2) milk produced by dairies financed by or with the use of industrial revenue bonds. Amends the United States Grain Standards Act to prohibit: (1) recombining any dockage or foreign material once removed from grain with any grain that may be exported; and (2) adding dockage or foreign material to any grain that may be exported when the result will be to reduce the grade and quality of the grain or to reduce its ability to resist spoilage. Permits adjustment of the moisture content of grain that may be exported by blending grains with different moisture contents. Expresses the sense of the Congress that: (1) the administration should continue to oppose actions by the European Community to impose import quotas on oilseeds and oilseed products in Portugal, impose a grain purchase requirement on Portugal, and place variable levies on corn and grain sorghum entering Spain; and (2) unless the European Community rescinds such actions or compensates the United States for trading losses, the administration should impose trade restrictions that reestablish the balance of concessions under the GATT and other international trade agreements. Title VII: Foreign Corrupt Practices, Adjustment Plan Review, and Textile Import Adjustments - Amends the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 to prohibit: (1) certain securities issuers and domestic concerns from offering or making payments to foreign officials in order to assist the issuers or concerns in obtaining or retaining business, including the procurement of legislative, judicial, regulatory, or other action in seeking more favorable treatment by a foreign government; or (2) any person, from knowingly or with reckless disregard offering such money or thing of value to a foreign official for such purposes. Declares that it is a defense to actions under this title that: (1) a payment was made to expedite or secure the performance of a routine governmental action by a foreign official; or (2) the payment or offer was legal in the country involved. Declares that an issuer or concern may not be held vicariously liable for a violation by its employee, who is not an officer or director, if: (1) such issuer or concern has established reasonable procedures to prevent and detect any such violation; and (2) the supervisor of such employee used due diligence to prevent the commission of the offense by that employee. Requires the Attorney General to determine to what extent compliance with such Acts would be enhanced and to what extent the business community would be assisted by further clarification of the corrupt practices provisions. Requires the Attorney General to issue guidelines and procedures to help businesses comply with such provisions. Requires the Attorney General to issue binding responses to specific inquiries on compliance with such provisions. Sets forth penalties for violations of such provisions. Expresses the sense of the Congress that the President should pursue the negotiation of an international agreement on the acts prohibited with respect to issuers and domestic concerns by this title. Requires the President to report to the Congress, within one year of enactment of this Act, on: (1) the progress of such negotiations; and (2) additional steps that may be taken if such negotiations do not eliminate the competitive disadvantage of U.S. businesses that results when persons from other countries commit the acts proscribed by this title; and (3) possible actions that could be taken to promote international cooperation to prevent bribery of foreign officials, candidates, or parties in third countries. Sets forth information to be included in such report. Requires a review committee to monitor actions taken by an industry to improve its competitive position if such industry prepared an industry adjustment plan during an import relief investigation and the industry received import relief as a result of such investigation. Requires the review committee to make administrative and legislative recommendations as necessary to achieve the objectives of the plan. Requires the review committee to consult with the firms and workers in the industry if the review committee finds that the objectives of the industry adjustment plan have not been met. Authorizes the USTR to terminate or modify the import relief if the review committee finds that the industry's failure to meet the objectives of the industry adjustment plan is not justified by changed circumstances and has adversely affected overall implementation of the objectives specified in such plan. Directs the Secretary of Commerce to institute procedures to expedite the interagency process for requesting consultations and negotiations on limitations on shipments of textiles and apparel and periodic adjustments to those limitations. Title VIII: Tariff and Customs Provisions - Subtitle A: Miscellaneous Tariff and Customs Provisions - Chapter 1: Permanent Changes in Tariff Treatment - Amends the Tariff Schedules of the United States to repeal the prohibitions against imports of furskins from the Soviet Union. Reduces the duty on salted and dried plums. Imposes a duty on natural unconcentrated, non-reconstituted grapefruit juice. Grants duty-free treatment to hatters' fur. Treats plywoods with tongued, grooved, lapped, or otherwise worked edges as plywood for tariff purposes. Creates a new tariff classification to cover imports of certain woven fabrics of man-made fibers. Imposes a duty on uranium hexafluoride that is imported for use in U.S. reactors and is a product of a country that requires that uranium mined in that country be converted or upgraded into uranium hexafluoride before its export. Provides for termination of such duty by the President. Includes all forms of silicone in the term "synthetic plastics materials." Imposes a duty on silicone resins and materials. Creates a new tariff classification to cover the imports of motor fuel blending stocks. Imposes a duty on motor fuel blending stocks. Provides that television picture tubes imported in combination with, or incorporated into, other articles are to be classified as television picture tubes (subject to an increased duty) unless they are incorporated or put into kits for incorporation into complete television receivers or into certain other fully assembled units. Imposes an 11 percent duty on all imports on or before October 31, 1987, of television picture tubes which would be included in such assembled units but for this Act. Grants duty-free treatment to all imports on or before December 31, 1990, of certain small color television picture tubes. Provides a duty on bicycle-type speedometers and parts. Excludes the dials of watches and clocks from the special marking requirements. Provides that certain information shall be legibly (currently "conspicuously") marked with specified information. Permits such marking to be done by mold-marking. Permits manufacturers to put certain information on watch bezels. Deletes the requirement of including information on watch adjustments. Reclassifies and imposes a duty on casein, caseinates, and milk protein concentrate for human food and animal feed use. Chapter 2: Temporary Changes in Tariff Treatment - Suspends through December 31, 1990, the tariff on: (1) color couplers and coupler intermediates; (2) p-sulfobenzoic acid, potassium salt; (3) 2,2-oxamido bis-ethyl 3(3,5-di-tert-butyl4-hydroxy-penyl); (4) dicyclohexylbenzothiazylsufenamide; (5) 2,4 dichloro-5-sulfamoyl benzoic acid; (6) derivatives of N-(4-2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropoxy) phenyl acetamide; (7) 1,2-dimethyl 1-3, 5 diphenyl-pyrazolium methyl sulfate; (8) dicofol; (9) methylene blue; (10) 3,5-dinitro-o-toluamide; (11) butyl chloride; (12) nonbenzenoid vinyl acetate-vinyl chloride-ethylene terpolymer; (13) tungsten ore; (14) certain stuffed toy figures; (15) certain plastic sheeting used as radiation shielding material; (16) certain doll wig yarns; (17) wool carding and spinning machines; (18) generator lighting sets for bicycles, bicycle chains, and certain other bicycle parts; (19) 1-(3- sulfopropyl) pyridinium hydroxide; (20) d-6-Methoxy-a-methyl-2-naphthaleneactic acid and its sodium salt; (21) certain pesticides (dinocap, mixtures of dicofol and application adjuvants and mixtures of mancozeb and dinocap); (22) cholestyramine resin USP; (23) 3-amino-3-methyl-1-butyne; (24) maneb, zineb, mancozeb, and metiram; (25) nicotine resins; and (26) hosiery knitting needles. Extends the current suspension of duty until December 31, 1990, on: (1) mixtures of mashed or macerated hot red peppers and salt; (2) cantaloupes; (3) certain wools; (4) needlecraft display models; (5) triphenyl phosphate; (6) sulfapyridine; (7) synthetic rutile; (8) certain clock radios; (9) certain machines designed for heat-set, stretch texturing of continuous man-made fibers; (10) hosiery knitting machines; (11) double-headed latch needles; (12) certain stuffed dolls and toy figures; (13) umbrella frames; and (14) crude feathers and down. Suspends the tariff on certain knitwear made in Guam until November 1, 1992. Suspends the tariff on the personal effects and equipment of participants and officials involved in the Pan American Games until September 30, 1987. Amends the Foreign Trade Zones Act to extend, through December 31, 1990, the exclusion of imported bicycle parts that are not subsequently re-exported from the exemption of the customs laws that is applicable to a foreign trade zone. Chapter 3: Other Customs and Effective Date Provisions - Allows watches to be designated as eligible articles for purposes of the generalized system of preferences. Requires the containers of imported preserved mushrooms to indicate in English the country in which the mushrooms were grown in order to comply with labeling laws relating to imports. Amends the Trade and Tariff Act of 1984 to require the Secretary of the Treasury to charge a user fee to individuals for the use of customs services at the Pontiac/Oakland, Michigan, airport. Prohibits any ethyl alcohol or mixture of ethyl alcohol from being considered eligible for exemption from duty as the growth or product of an insular possession or of a beneficiary country under the Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act unless the ethyl alcohol or mixture is an indigenous product of that insular possession or beneficiary country. Extends such prohibition through December 31, 1992. Exempts certain imports of ethyl alcohol from such prohibition if it is imported during 1987 and 1988 and if it was produced in a certain type of facility that was in operation on January 1, 1986. Sets forth the criteria for establishing that ethyl alcohol or an ethyl alcohol mixture is an indigenous product of an insular possession or beneficiary country. Amends the Tariff Act of 1930 to require the Secretary of the Treasury to establish standards for setting the terms and conditions for cancellation of bonds or charges. Provides for the duty-free entry of certain articles for use by a named organization in the construction of an optical telescope in Hawaii. Provides for the reliquidation, without liability of the importer of record for antidumping duties, of specified entries. Directs the Secretary of the Treasury to reliquidate, as duty-free, four specified entries covering tubular tin products, if a certificate of actual use for the products is submitted to the U.S. Customs Service at the port of entry within 120 days of enactment of this Act. Subtitle B: Implementation of Nairobi Protocol - Chapter 1: Short Title, Purpose, Reference, and Effective Date - Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Materials Importation Act of 1987 - Declares that it is the purpose of this subtitle to: (1) provide for the implementation of the Nairobi Protocol to the Agreement on the Importation of Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Materials (the Florence Agreement); (2) modify the duty-free treatment accorded under the Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Materials Importation Act of 1982 (the 1982 Act), under the Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Materials Importation Act of 1966 and under another Act; and (3) continue the safeguard provisions concerning certain imported articles provided for in the 1982 Act. Chapter 2: Amendments to Implement the Nairobi Protocol - Repeals the 1982 Act. Amends the Tariff Schedules of the United States (TSUS) to provide duty-free treatment for: (1) catalogs of visual and auditory material of an educational scientific, or cultural character; (2) architectural, engineering, industrial, or commercial drawings and plans; (3) loose illustrations, reproduction proofs or reproduction films used for the production of books; (4) certain other articles in microfilm, microfiche, and similar film media; and (5) crossword puzzle books. Provides for duty-free treatment of certain other articles whether or not in the form of microfilm, microfiches, or similar film media. Prohibits granting duty-free treatment to developed photographic film unless either: (1) a Federal agency determines that such article is visual or auditory material of an educational, scientific, or cultural character within the meaning of the Agreement for Facilitating the International Circulation of Visual and Auditory Materials of an Educational, Scientific, or Cultural Character; or (2) such article is imported by, or for the use of, an educational, scientific or cultural institution and is certified to be visual or auditory material of an educational, scientific, or cultural character or to have been produced by the United Nations or any of its specialized agencies. Provides duty-free treatment for articles determined to be visual or auditory materials in accordance with specified provisions. Provides duty-free treatment for: (1) tools specially designed to maintain or repair certain scientific instruments or apparatus; and (2) articles specially designed or adapted for the use or benefit of the blind or other physically or mentally handicapped persons. Chapter 3: Authority to Modify Certain Duty-Free Treatment Accorded Under This Subtitle - Authorizes the President to proclaim changes in the TSUS to narrow the scope of, place conditions on, or otherwise eliminate the duty-free treatment accorded the tools for scientific instruments and the articles for the blind or other handicapped persons under this Act if such duty-free treatment has significant adverse impact on a domestic industry. Authorizes the President to resume duty-free treatment of such articles under certain circumstances. Authorizes the President to proclaim changes to the TSUS to remove or modify any conditions and restrictions imposed by this Act on the importation of certain visual and auditory material in order to implement certain provisions of the Nairobi Protocol. Amends the TSUS to change the headnote relating to the method of applying for permission to import certain scientific instruments and apparatus. Directs the Secretary of the Treasury, in conjunction with the Secretary of Commerce, to obtain adequate statistical information on duty-free imports of articles for the blind and for other handicapped persons.